ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿KMnO4ÔÚʵÑéÊҺ͹¤ÒµÉϾùÓÐÖØÒªÓ¦Óã¬Æ乤ҵÖƱ¸µÄ²¿·Ö¹¤ÒÕÈçÏ£º
¢ñ£®½«ÈíÃÌ¿ó£¨Ö÷Òª³É·ÖMnO2£©·ÛËéºó£¬ÓëKOH¹ÌÌå»ìºÏ£¬Í¨Èë¿ÕÆø³ä·Ö±ºÉÕ£¬Éú³É°µÂÌÉ«ÈÛÈÚ̬ÎïÖÊ¡£
¢ò£®ÀäÈ´£¬½«¹ÌÌåÑÐϸ£¬ÓÃÏ¡KOHÈÜÒº½þÈ¡£¬¹ýÂË£¬µÃ°µÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒº¡£
¢ó£®Ïò°µÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëCO2£¬ÈÜÒº±äΪ×ϺìÉ«£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³ÉºÚÉ«¹ÌÌå¡£
¢ô£®¹ýÂË£¬½«×ϺìÉ«ÈÜÒºÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬ÀäÈ´½á¾§£¬¹ýÂË£¬Ï´µÓ£¬¸ÉÔµÃKMnO4¹ÌÌå¡£
×ÊÁÏ£ºK2MnO4Ϊ°µÂÌÉ«¹ÌÌ壬ÔÚÇ¿¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÎȶ¨£¬ÔÚ½üÖÐÐÔ»òËáÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÒ×·¢ÉúÆ绯·´Ó¦£¨MnµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û¼ÈÉý¸ßÓÖ½µµÍ£©¡£
£¨1£©¢ñÖУ¬·ÛËéÈíÃÌ¿óµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ___________________¡£
£¨2£©¢ñÖУ¬Éú³ÉK2MnO4µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ______________________________¡£
£¨3£©¢òÖУ¬½þȡʱÓÃÏ¡KOHÈÜÒºµÄÔÒòÊÇ_________________¡£
£¨4£©¢óÖУ¬CO2ºÍK2MnO4ÔÚÈÜÒºÖз´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ_____________________¡£
£¨5£©½«K2MnO4ÈÜÒº²ÉÓöèÐԵ缫¸ôĤ·¨µç½â£¬Ò²¿ÉÖƵÃKMnO4£¬×°ÖÃÈçͼ£º
¢Ùb¼«ÊÇ______¼«£¨Ìî¡°Ñô¡±»ò¡°Òõ¡±£©£¬DÊÇ_______________¡£
¢Ú½áºÏµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½¼òÊöÉú³ÉKMnO4µÄÔÀí£º_______________________________¡£
¢Û´«Í³ÎÞĤ·¨µç½âʱ£¬ÃÌÔªËØÀûÓÃÂÊÆ«µÍ£¬ÓëÖ®Ïà±È£¬ÓÃÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ßÃÌÔªËصÄÀûÓÃÂÊ£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇ______¡£
£¨6£©Óõζ¨·¨²â¶¨Ä³¸ßÃÌËá¼Ø²úÆ·µÄ´¿¶È£¬²½ÖèÈçÏ£º
ÒÑÖª£ºNa2C2O4+H2SO4=H2C2O4+Na2SO4£¬5H2C2O4+2MnO4-+6H+=2Mn2++10CO2¡ü+8H2O£¬Ä¦¶ûÖÊÁ¿£ºNa2C2O4134gmol-1¡¢KMnO4158gmol-1¡£
¢¡£®³ÆÈ¡ag²úÆ·£¬Åä³É50mLÈÜÒº¡£
¢¢£®³ÆÈ¡bgNa2C2O4£¬ÖÃÓÚ׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬¼ÓÕôÁóˮʹÆäÈܽ⣬ÔÙ¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄÁòËá¡£
¢££®½«×¶ÐÎÆ¿ÖÐÈÜÒº¼ÓÈȵ½75¡æ¡«80¡æ£¬ºãΣ¬Óâ¡ÖÐËùÅäÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨ÖÁÖյ㣬ÏûºÄÈÜÒºVmL£¨ÔÓÖʲ»²ÎÓë·´Ó¦£©¡£
µÎ¶¨ÖÕµãµÄÏÖÏóΪ_______________£¬²úÆ·ÖÐKMnO4µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýµÄ±í´ïʽΪ_____________¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿Ôö´ó·´Ó¦Îï½Ó´¥Ãæ»ý£¬¼Ó¿ì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ 2MnO2+4KOH+O22K2MnO4+2H2O ±£³ÖÈÜÒº³ÊÇ¿¼îÐÔ£¬·ÀÖ¹K2MnO4·¢ÉúÆ绯·´Ó¦ 3K2MnO4+2CO2=2KMnO4+MnO2¡ý+2K2CO3 Òõ ½ÏŨµÄKOHÈÜÒº a¼«MnO42--e-=MnO4-£¬²¿·ÖK+ͨ¹ýÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤½øÈëÒõ¼«Çø£¬Ñô¼«ÇøÉú³ÉKMnO4 ÓÃÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤¿É·ÀÖ¹MnO4-¡¢MnO42-ÔÚÒõ¼«±»»¹Ô µ±µÎÈë×îºóÒ»µÎKMnO4ÈÜÒº£¬×¶ÐÎÆ¿ÖеÄÒºÌåÓÉÎÞÉ«±äΪdz×ÏÉ«£¬ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚ²»»Ö¸´
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
Á÷³Ì¢ñ£®½«ÈíÃÌ¿ó£¨Ö÷Òª³É·ÖMnO2£©·ÛËéºó£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇÔö´ó·´Ó¦Îï½Ó´¥Ãæ»ý£¬¼Ó¿ì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦ÐèÒªÑõÆø²Î¼Ó£¬·´Ó¦ÎïÈÛÈÚ״̬ϽÁ°èÄ¿µÄÊÇʹÈÛÈÚÎï³ä·Ö½Ó´¥¿ÕÆø£¬ÓÉÌâÄ¿ÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÖª£¬MnO2¡¢KOHµÄÈÛÈÚ»ìºÏÎïÖÐͨÈë¿ÕÆøʱ·¢Éú·´Ó¦Éú³ÉK2MnO4£¬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغ㻹ӦÉú³ÉË®£¬¸ù¾Ýµç×ÓµÃʧ¡¢Ô×ÓÊغã½øÐÐÅäƽ£»
¢ò£®K2MnO4Ϊ°µÂÌÉ«¹ÌÌ壬ÔÚÇ¿¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÎȶ¨£¬ÔÚ½üÖÐÐÔ»òËáÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÒ×·¢ÉúÆ绯·´Ó¦£¨MnµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û¼ÈÉý¸ßÓÖ½µµÍ£©£¬ËùÒÔ½«¹ÌÌåÑÐϸ£¬ÓÃÏ¡KOHÈÜÒº½þÈ¡£¬¹ýÂË£»
¢ó£®Ïò°µÂÌÉ«ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëCO2£¬ÈÜÒº·¢ÉúÆ绯·´Ó¦£¬Éú³ÉKMnO4ºÍMnO2£»
¢ô£®¹ýÂË£¬½«×ϺìÉ«ÈÜÒºÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ£¬ÀäÈ´½á¾§£¬¹ýÂË£¬Ï´µÓ£¬¸ÉÔµÃKMnO4¹ÌÌå¡£
£¨5£©µç½â³Øµç½âK2MnO4ÈÜÒºµÃµ½KMnO4¿ÉÖª£ºÒõ¼«ÉÏË®µÃµç×Ó·¢Éú»¹Ô·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÆøºÍÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×Ó£¬Ñô¼«ÉÏÃÌËá¸ùÀë×Óʧµç×Ó·´Ó¦Ñõ»¯·´Ó¦Éú³É¸ßÃÌËá¸ùÀë×Ó£»
£¨6£©µÎ¶¨Öյ㣬ÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«·¢Éú±ä»¯£¬ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚÑÕÉ«²»±ä£»¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦Na2C2O4+H2SO4=H2C2O4+Na2SO4£¬5H2C2O4+2MnO4-+6H+=2Mn2++10CO2¡ü+8H2O£¬ÕÒ³ö¹Øϵʽ£¬È»ºó½áºÏÌâÖÐÊý¾Ý¼ÆËã¡£
£¨1£©¢ñÖУ¬·ÛËéÈíÃÌ¿óµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÄ¿µÄÊÇÔö´ó·´Ó¦Îï½Ó´¥Ãæ»ý£¬¼Ó¿ì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£»
´ð°¸£º Ôö´ó·´Ó¦Îï½Ó´¥Ãæ»ý£¬¼Ó¿ì·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ
£¨2£©ÓÉÌâÄ¿ÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÖª£¬MnO2¡¢KOHµÄÈÛÈÚ»ìºÏÎïÖÐͨÈë¿ÕÆøʱ·¢Éú·´Ó¦Éú³ÉK2MnO4£¬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغ㻹ӦÉú³ÉË®£¬·´Ó¦ÖÐÃÌÔªËØÓÉ+4¼ÛÉý¸ßΪ+6¼Û£¬Éý¸ß2¼Û£¬ÑõÔªËØÓÉ0¼Û½µµÍΪ-2¼Û£¬×ܹ²½µµÍ4¼Û£¬»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µ×îС¹«±¶ÊýΪ4£¬ËùÒÔMnO2ϵÊý2£¬O2ϵÊýΪ1£¬¸ù¾ÝÃÌÔªËØÊغãÈ·¶¨K2MnO4ϵÊýΪ2£¬¸ù¾Ý¼ØÔªËØÊغãÈ·¶¨KOHϵÊýΪ4£¬¸ù¾ÝÇâÔªËØÊغãÈ·¶¨H2OϵÊýΪ2£¬ËùÒÔ·´Ó¦»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2MnO2+4KOH+O22K2MnO4+2H2O
´ð°¸£º2MnO2+4KOH+O22K2MnO4+2H2O
£¨3£©ÓÉÌâ¸ÉÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÖª£ºK2MnO4ÔÚÇ¿¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÎȶ¨£¬ÔÚ½üÖÐÐÔ»òËáÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÒ×·¢ÉúÆ绯·´Ó¦£¨MnµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û¼ÈÉý¸ßÓÖ½µµÍ£©¡£
´ð°¸£º±£³ÖÈÜÒº³ÊÇ¿¼îÐÔ£¬·ÀÖ¹K2MnO4·¢ÉúÆ绯·´Ó¦
£¨4£©ÏòK2MnO4ÈÜÒºÖÐͨÈëCO2£¬ÈÜÒº±äΪ×ϺìÉ«KMnO4£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³ÉºÚÉ«¹ÌÌåMnO2£¬¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý½µÏàµÈºÍÖÊÁ¿Êغ㶨ÂÉд³ö·½³Ìʽ3K2MnO4+2CO2=2KMnO4+MnO2¡ý+2K2CO3 £»
´ð°¸£º3K2MnO4+2CO2=2KMnO4+MnO2¡ý+2K2CO3
£¨5£©¢Ùb¼«Éú³ÉÇâÆø£¬ÊÇÒõ¼«£¬µç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½£º2H2O+2e-=H2¡ü+2OH-£¬¼ØÀë×Óͨ¹ýÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤µ½Òõ¼«Çø£¬ËùÒÔDÊǽÏŨµÄKOHÈÜÒº£»
´ð°¸£ºÒõ ½ÏŨµÄKOHÈÜÒº
¢Úa¼«£º2MnO42--2e-=2MnO4-£¬£¬²¿·ÖK+ͨ¹ýÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤½øÈëÒõ¼«Çø£¬Ñô¼«ÇøÉú³ÉKMnO4£»
´ð°¸£ºa¼«MnO42--e-=MnO4-£¬²¿·ÖK+ͨ¹ýÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤½øÈëÒõ¼«Çø£¬Ñô¼«ÇøÉú³ÉKMnO4
¢Û´«Í³ÎÞĤ·¨µç½âʱ£¬ÃÌÔªËØÀûÓÃÂÊÆ«µÍ£¬ÓëÖ®Ïà±È£¬ÓÃÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ßÃÌÔªËصÄÀûÓÃÂÊ£¬ÆäÔÒòÊÇÓÃÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤¿É·ÀÖ¹MnO4-¡¢MnO42-µ½Òõ¼«Çø£¬ÔÚÒõ¼«±»»¹Ô£»
´ð°¸£ºÑôÀë×Ó½»»»Ä¤¿É·ÀÖ¹MnO4-¡¢MnO42-ÔÚÒõ¼«±»»¹Ô
£¨6£©µ±µÎÈë×îºóÒ»µÎKMnO4ÈÜÒº£¬×¶ÐÎÆ¿ÖеÄÒºÌåÓÉÎÞÉ«±äΪdz×ÏÉ«£¬ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚ²»»Ö¸´£»
ÉèÅäÖƵÄ50mlÅäÖƵÄÑùÆ·ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓиßÃÌËá¼ØŨ¶ÈΪcmol/L£¬
Ôò£º5Na2C2O4¡«2KMnO4£¬
5mol 2mol
b/134 cV¡Á10-3
¼ÆËãµÃc=mol/L
KMnO4µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýµÄ±í´ïʽΪ£ºc¡Á50¡Á10-3¡Á158/a =img src="http://thumb.zyjl.cn/questionBank/Upload/2019/06/26/08/9f783dd0/SYS201906260804278141572487_DA/SYS201906260804278141572487_DA.004.png" width="98" height="36" style="-aw-left-pos:0pt; -aw-rel-hpos:column; -aw-rel-vpos:paragraph; -aw-top-pos:0pt; -aw-wrap-type:inline" />¡Á50¡Á10-3¡Á158/a= £»
´ð°¸£ºµ±µÎÈë×îºóÒ»µÎKMnO4ÈÜÒº£¬×¶ÐÎÆ¿ÖеÄÒºÌåÓÉÎÞÉ«±äΪdz×ÏÉ«£¬ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚ²»»Ö¸´