ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÒÑÖªÎïÖÊA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÊÇÓɶÌÖÜÆÚÔªËع¹³ÉµÄµ¥ÖÊ»ò»¯ºÏÎËüÃÇ¿É·¢ÉúÈçͼËùʾµÄת»¯¹Øϵ£º
£¨1£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪµãȼ£¬Ä¿Ç°60%µÄ½ðÊôµ¥ÖÊB¶¼ÊÇ´Óº£Ë®ÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄ£¬ÆøÌåD¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÆøÌåDµÄµç×ÓʽΪ£º £»³£Ñ¹Ï£¬Æä·Ðµã±ÈH2O £¨Ìî¡°¸ß¡±»ò¡°µÍ¡±£©£»ÎïÖÊCµÄÒõÑôÀë×Ӱ뾶´óС¹ØϵΪ£º £»CÓëH2O·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º £®
£¨2£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÇëд³ö¸ÃÎïÖʵÄËáʽµçÀë·½³Ìʽ£º £¬ÆøÌåDÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓгô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬д³öDÓëNaOHµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿»ìºÏµÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º £¬·´Ó¦ºóµÄÈÜÒºÖи÷Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòΪ £®
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬһÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬Ð´³öÉÙÁ¿Fe·ÛÓëEµÄŨÈÜÒºÔÚ¼ÓÈÈÌõ¼þÏ·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º £®±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬½«Ò»³äÂúCÆøÌåµÄÊԹܣ¬µ¹¿ÛÓÚË®ÖУ¬ÖÁÒºÃæ²»ÔÙÉý¸ßʱ£¬ÔÙ³äÈëÑõÆø¿ÉÒÔʹҺÃæ¼ÌÐøÉÏÉýÖÁ³äÂúÊԹܣ®×îÖÕÊÔ¹ÜÖÐËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈΪ mol/L£®£¨¼ÙÉèÊÔ¹ÜÖÐÈÜÖʲ»À©É¢£©
£¨1£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪµãȼ£¬Ä¿Ç°60%µÄ½ðÊôµ¥ÖÊB¶¼ÊÇ´Óº£Ë®ÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄ£¬ÆøÌåD¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÆøÌåDµÄµç×ÓʽΪ£º
£¨2£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÇëд³ö¸ÃÎïÖʵÄËáʽµçÀë·½³Ìʽ£º
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬһÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬Ð´³öÉÙÁ¿Fe·ÛÓëEµÄŨÈÜÒºÔÚ¼ÓÈÈÌõ¼þÏ·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
¿¼µã£ºÎÞ»úÎïµÄÍƶÏ
רÌ⣺ÍƶÏÌâ
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪµãȼ£¬Ä¿Ç°60%µÄB¶¼ÊÇ´Óº£Ë®ÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄ£¬ÔòBÊÇMg£¬ÆøÌåD¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÔòDÊÇNH3£¬CºÍË®·´Ó¦Éú³É°±ÆøºÍE£¬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغãÖª£¬AÖк¬ÓеªÔªËØ£¬MgºÍµªÆøÄÜ·¢ÉúÉú³Éµª»¯Ã¾£¬ËùÒÔAÊǵªÆø£¬µª»¯Ã¾ºÍË®·´Ó¦Éú³É°±ÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯Ã¾£»
£¨2£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÔòEÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ÆøÌåDÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓгô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÊÇ»¹ÔÐÔËᣬÔòDÊÇÁò»¯Ç⣬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغãÖª£¬CÊÇÁò»¯ÂÁ£»
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬ-ÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬ÔòEÊÇÏõËᣬDÊÇÒ»Ñõ»¯µª£¬CÊǶþÑõ»¯µª£¬AÊÇÑõÆø£¬ÉÙÁ¿Fe·ÛºÍŨÏõËá·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÏõËáÌú¡¢¶þÑõ»¯µªºÍË®£®
£¨2£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÔòEÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ÆøÌåDÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓгô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÊÇ»¹ÔÐÔËᣬÔòDÊÇÁò»¯Ç⣬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغãÖª£¬CÊÇÁò»¯ÂÁ£»
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬ-ÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬ÔòEÊÇÏõËᣬDÊÇÒ»Ñõ»¯µª£¬CÊǶþÑõ»¯µª£¬AÊÇÑõÆø£¬ÉÙÁ¿Fe·ÛºÍŨÏõËá·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÏõËáÌú¡¢¶þÑõ»¯µªºÍË®£®
½â´ð£º
½â£º£¨1£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪµãȼ£¬Ä¿Ç°60%µÄB¶¼ÊÇ´Óº£Ë®ÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄ£¬ÔòBÊÇMg£¬ÆøÌåD¿ÉÒÔʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ÔòDÊÇNH3£¬CºÍË®·´Ó¦Éú³É°±ÆøºÍE£¬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغãÖª£¬AÖк¬ÓеªÔªËØ£¬MgºÍµªÆøÄÜ·¢ÉúÉú³Éµª»¯Ã¾£¬ËùÒÔAÊǵªÆø£¬µª»¯Ã¾ºÍË®·´Ó¦Éú³É°±ÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯Ã¾£¬
DÊÇNH3£¬Îª¹²¼Û»¯ºÏÎµç×ÓʽΪ£¬³£ÎÂÏÂΪÆøÌ壬¶øˮΪҺÌ壬·Ðµã±ÈË®µÄµÍ£¬CΪMg3N2£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄÀë×ÓMg2+¡¢N3-£¬¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼£¬ÒòºËµçºÉÊýÔ½´óÀë×Ӱ뾶ԽС£¬ÔòN3-£¾Mg2+£¬CÓëH2O·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪMg3N2+6H2O=3Mg£¨OH£©2+2NH3¡ü£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»µÍ£»N3-£¾Mg2+£»Mg3N2+6H2O=3Mg£¨OH£©2+2NH3¡ü£»
£¨2£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÔòEÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ÆøÌåDÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓгô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÊÇ»¹ÔÐÔËᣬÔòDÊÇÁò»¯Ç⣬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغãÖª£¬CÊÇÁò»¯ÂÁ£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁΪÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎËáʽµçÀë·½³ÌʽΪAl£¨OH£©3?AlO2-+H++H2O£¬Áò»¯ÇâÊǶþÔªËᣬºÍµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòÇ⻯ÄÆ£¬ËùÒÔÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH2S+OH-=HS-+H2O£¬·´Ó¦ºóµÄÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬HS-+Ë®½â´óÓÚµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòΪc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HS-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨S2-£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl£¨OH£©3?AlO2-+H++H2O£»H2S+OH-=HS-+H2O£»c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HS-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨S2-£©£»
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬ-ÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬ÔòEÊÇÏõËᣬDÊÇÒ»Ñõ»¯µª£¬CÊǶþÑõ»¯µª£¬AÊÇÑõÆø£¬ÉÙÁ¿Fe·ÛºÍŨÏõËá·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÏõËáÌú¡¢¶þÑõ»¯µªºÍË®£¬·½³ÌʽΪFe+6HNO3£¨Å¨£©
Fe£¨NO3£©3+3NO2¡ü+3H2O£¬
±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬½«Ò»³äÂúNO2ÆøÌåµÄÊԹܣ¬µ¹¿ÛÓÚË®ÖУ¬ÖÁÒºÃæ²»ÔÙÉý¸ßʱ£¬ÔÙ³äÈëÑõÆø¿ÉÒÔʹҺÃæ¼ÌÐøÉÏÉýÖÁ³äÂúÊԹܣ¬×îºóµÃµ½µÄÏõËᣮÉèÊÔ¹ÜÌå»ýΪVL£¬×îÖÕÊÔ¹ÜÖÐËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈΪ
=0.045mol/L£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºFe+6HNO3£¨Å¨£©
Fe£¨NO3£©3+3NO2¡ü+3H2O£»0.045mol/L£®
DÊÇNH3£¬Îª¹²¼Û»¯ºÏÎµç×ÓʽΪ£¬³£ÎÂÏÂΪÆøÌ壬¶øˮΪҺÌ壬·Ðµã±ÈË®µÄµÍ£¬CΪMg3N2£¬¶ÔÓ¦µÄÀë×ÓMg2+¡¢N3-£¬¾ßÓÐÏàͬµÄºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼£¬ÒòºËµçºÉÊýÔ½´óÀë×Ӱ뾶ԽС£¬ÔòN3-£¾Mg2+£¬CÓëH2O·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪMg3N2+6H2O=3Mg£¨OH£©2+2NH3¡ü£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»µÍ£»N3-£¾Mg2+£»Mg3N2+6H2O=3Mg£¨OH£©2+2NH3¡ü£»
£¨2£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ¼ÓÈÈ£¬EÊÇÒ»ÖÖÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎÔòEÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ÆøÌåDÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓгô¼¦µ°ÆøζµÄÆøÌ壬ÆäË®ÈÜÒºÊÇ»¹ÔÐÔËᣬÔòDÊÇÁò»¯Ç⣬¸ù¾ÝÔªËØÊغãÖª£¬CÊÇÁò»¯ÂÁ£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁΪÁ½ÐÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎËáʽµçÀë·½³ÌʽΪAl£¨OH£©3?AlO2-+H++H2O£¬Áò»¯ÇâÊǶþÔªËᣬºÍµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòÇ⻯ÄÆ£¬ËùÒÔÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH2S+OH-=HS-+H2O£¬·´Ó¦ºóµÄÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬HS-+Ë®½â´óÓÚµçÀë³Ì¶È£¬Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС˳ÐòΪc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HS-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨S2-£©£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºAl£¨OH£©3?AlO2-+H++H2O£»H2S+OH-=HS-+H2O£»c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HS-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨S2-£©£»
£¨3£©ÈôÌõ¼þ¢ÙΪ³£Î£¬BºÍDΪͬ-ÖÖÎÞÉ«ÆøÌ壬³£ÎÂÏÂEµÄŨÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔʹFe¶Û»¯£¬ÔòEÊÇÏõËᣬDÊÇÒ»Ñõ»¯µª£¬CÊǶþÑõ»¯µª£¬AÊÇÑõÆø£¬ÉÙÁ¿Fe·ÛºÍŨÏõËá·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÏõËáÌú¡¢¶þÑõ»¯µªºÍË®£¬·½³ÌʽΪFe+6HNO3£¨Å¨£©
| ||
±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬½«Ò»³äÂúNO2ÆøÌåµÄÊԹܣ¬µ¹¿ÛÓÚË®ÖУ¬ÖÁÒºÃæ²»ÔÙÉý¸ßʱ£¬ÔÙ³äÈëÑõÆø¿ÉÒÔʹҺÃæ¼ÌÐøÉÏÉýÖÁ³äÂúÊԹܣ¬×îºóµÃµ½µÄÏõËᣮÉèÊÔ¹ÜÌå»ýΪVL£¬×îÖÕÊÔ¹ÜÖÐËùµÃÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈΪ
| ||
VL |
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºFe+6HNO3£¨Å¨£©
| ||
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÎÞ»úÎïµÄÍƶϣ¬Îª¸ß¿¼³£¼ûÌâÐÍ£¬²àÖØÓÚѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦ºÍ¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬×¢ÒâÕýÈ·ÍƶÏÎïÖÊÊǽⱾÌâ¹Ø¼ü£¬Ã÷È·ÎïÖʵÄÌØÊâÐÔÖʼ´¿É½â´ð£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
NA±íʾ°¢·ü¼ÓµÂÂÞ³£Êý£¬ÓйØNAµÄÕýȷ˵·¨ÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A¡¢1mol D318O+Öк¬ÓеÄÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ10NA |
B¡¢±ê×¼×´¿öÏ£¬22.4LË®Öк¬O-H¼üÊýΪ2NA |
C¡¢Ä³Î¶Èʱ1L pH=6µÄ´¿Ë®Ëùº¬OH-Àë×ÓÊýΪ1.0¡Á10-6NA |
D¡¢7.8g Na2SºÍNa2O2µÄ»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓеÄÒõÀë×ÓÊý´óÓÚ0.1NA |
ÏÂÁÐÊÔ¼Á²»ÄÜÓò£Á§Æ¿Ê¢·ÅµÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A¡¢NaOHÈÜÒº | B¡¢Çâ·úËá |
C¡¢NaClÈÜÒº | D¡¢Ï¡ÑÎËá |
ÏÂÁÐÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖʱȽϣ¬²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A¡¢ËáÐÔ£ºH2SO4£¾HClO4£¾HBrO4 |
B¡¢¼îÐÔ£ºRbOH£¾KOH£¾NaOH |
C¡¢·Ç½ðÊôÐÔ£ºCl£¾S£¾P |
D¡¢Æø̬Ç⻯ÎïÎȶ¨ÐÔ£ºHF£¾HCl£¾HBr |