ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿³£¼ûµÄÎåÖÖÑÎA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢E£¬ËüÃǵÄÑôÀë×Ó¿ÉÄÜÊÇNa£«¡¢NH4+¡¢Cu2£«¡¢Ba2£«¡¢Al3£«¡¢Ag£«¡¢Fe3£«£¬ÒõÀë×Ó¿ÉÄÜÊÇCl£¡¢NO3-¡¢SO42-¡¢CO32-£¬ÒÑÖª£º
¢ÙÎåÖÖÑξùÈÜÓÚË®£¬Ë®ÈÜÒº¾ùΪÎÞÉ«¡£
¢ÚDµÄÑæÉ«·´Ó¦³Ê»ÆÉ«¡£
¢ÛAµÄÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬B¡¢C¡¢EµÄÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬DµÄÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ¡£
¢ÜÈôÔÚÕâÎåÖÖÑεÄÈÜÒºÖзֱð¼ÓÈëBa£¨NO3£©2ÈÜÒº£¬Ö»ÓÐA¡¢CµÄÈÜÒº²»²úÉú³Áµí¡£
¢ÝÈôÔÚÕâÎåÖÖÑεÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬·Ö±ð¼ÓÈ백ˮ£¬EºÍCµÄÈÜÒºÖÐÉú³É³Áµí£¬¼ÌÐø¼Ó°±Ë®£¬CÖгÁµíÏûʧ¡£
¢Þ°ÑAµÄÈÜÒº·Ö±ð¼ÓÈëµ½B¡¢C¡¢EµÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬¾ùÄÜÉú³É²»ÈÜÓÚÏ¡ÏõËáµÄ³Áµí¡£
Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÎåÖÖÑÎÖУ¬Ò»¶¨Ã»ÓеÄÑôÀë×ÓÊÇ____________£»Ëùº¬ÒõÀë×ÓÏàͬµÄÁ½ÖÖÑεĻ¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇ_______________________ ¡£
£¨2£©AµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª_____________________£¬DµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª_____________________£¬DÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔµÄÔÒòÊÇ£¨ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾ£©£º__________________________¡£
£¨3£©EºÍ°±Ë®·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ________________________________¡£EÓëD·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇ__________¡£
£¨4£©Éè¼ÆʵÑé¼ìÑéBÖÐËùº¬µÄÑôÀë×Ó£º_____________________________________________ ¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿Cu2+¡¢Fe3+ ( NH4) 2SO4¡¢Al2(SO4) 3 BaCl2 Na2CO3 CO32££«H2OHCO3££«OH£ Al3+£«3NH3¡¤H2O=Al(OH) 3¡ý£«3NH4+ 2Al3+£«3CO32££«3H2O= 2Al(OH)3 + 3CO2¡ü È¡ÉÙÁ¿BÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬µÎ¼ÓÉÙÁ¿ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬ÔÚÊÔ¹ÜÖи½½ü·ÅÒ»ÕÅʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½£¬¸øÊԹܼÓÈÈ£¬ÈôÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ËµÃ÷BÖк¬ÓÐNH4+¡£
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
¢ÙÎåÖÖÑξùÈÜÓÚË®£¬Ë®ÈÜÒº¾ùΪÎÞÉ«£¬ÔòûÓÐCu2+¡¢Fe3+£»¢ÚDµÄÑæÉ«·´Ó¦³Ê»ÆÉ«£¬ÔòDÖÐÓÐNa+£»¢ÛAµÄÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬B¡¢C¡¢EµÄÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔÔòº¬ÓÐNH4+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ag+£¬DµÄÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔÔòDÖк¬ÓÐCO32-£¬¸ù¾ÝÑôÀë×Ó¿ÉÖªDΪNa2CO3£»¢ÜÈôÔÚÕâÎåÖÖÑεÄÈÜÒºÖзֱð¼ÓÈëBa(NO3)2ÈÜÒº£¬Ö»ÓÐA¡¢CµÄÈÜÒº²»²úÉú³Áµí£¬ÔòA¡¢CÖÐûÓÐSO42-¡¢CO32-£»¢ÝÈôÔÚÕâÎåÖÖÑεÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬·Ö±ð¼ÓÈ백ˮ£¬EºÍCµÄÈÜÒºÖÐÉú³É³Áµí£¬¼ÌÐø¼Ó°±Ë®£¬CÖгÁµíÏûʧ£¬ËµÃ÷CÖк¬Ag+£¬ÔòEÖÐÓÐAl3+£»Ag+ÓëCl-¡¢SO42-¡¢CO32-²»Äܹ²´æ£¬ËùÒÔCÖÐΪAgNO3£»¢Þ°ÑAÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬A·Ö±ð¼ÓÈëµ½B¡¢C¡¢EµÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬¾ùÄÜÉú³É²»ÈÜÓÚÏ¡ÏõËáµÄ³Áµí£¬ÔòAΪBaCl2£»ÓÉÒÔÉÏ·ÖÎö¿ÉÖªEÖк¬ÓÐAl3+£¬BÖк¬ÓÐNH4+£¬¼ÓBaCl2¾ùÄÜÉú³É²»ÈÜÓÚÏ¡ÏõËáµÄ³Áµí£¬ÔòB¡¢EÖк¬ÓÐSO42-£»ËùÒÔB¡¢EΪ(NH4)2SO4¡¢Al2(SO4)3£»
£¨1£©ÎåÖÖÑÎÖУ¬Ò»¶¨Ã»ÓеÄÑôÀë×ÓÊÇCu2+¡¢Fe3+£»Ëùº¬ÒõÀë×ÓÏàͬµÄÁ½ÖÖÑεĻ¯Ñ§Ê½ÊÇ(NH4)2SO4¡¢Al2(SO4)3£»
£¨2£©AµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªBaCl2£»DµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ÎªNa2CO3£»Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔµÄÔÒòÊÇCO32-+H2OHCO3-+OH-£»
£¨3£©Al2(SO4)3ºÍ°±Ë®·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇAl3+£«3NH3¡¤H2O=Al(OH) 3¡ý£«3NH4+£»Al2(SO4)3ÓëNa2CO3·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ2Al3+£«3CO32££«3H2O= 2Al(OH)3 + 3CO2¡ü£»
£¨4£©¼ìÑé(NH4)2SO4ÖÐËùº¬µÄÑôÀë×ӵķ½·¨Îª£ºÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿BÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬µÎ¼ÓÉÙÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÔÚÊԹܿڸ½½ü·ÅÒ»ÕÅʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½£¬¼ÓÈÈ£¬ÈôÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶£¬ËµÃ÷BÖÐÑôÀë×ÓΪNH4+¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿O2¡¢O3¡¢N2¡¢N4ÊÇÑõºÍµªÔªËصļ¸ÖÖµ¥ÖÊ¡£»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©OÔ×ÓÖм۵ç×ÓÕ¼¾ÝµÄ¹ìµÀÊýĿΪ______________¡£
£¨2£©µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜI1£ºN__________O(Ìî¡°£¾¡±»ò¡°£¼¡±)£¬µÚ¶þµçÀëÄÜI2£ºO´óÓÚNµÄÔÒòÊÇ_________________¡£
£¨3£©O3µÄ¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍΪ__________________£»·Ö×ÓÖдæÔÚ´ó¦Ð¼ü£¬¿ÉÓ÷ûºÅ¦°±íʾ£¬ÆäÖÐm±íʾÐγɵĴó¦Ð¼üµÄÔ×ÓÊý£¬n±íʾÐγɵĴó¦Ð¼üµÄµç×ÓÊý£¬ÔòO3Öдó¦Ð¼üÓ¦±íʾΪ___________________________________¡£
£¨4£©NÔªËصļòµ¥Æø̬Ç⻯ÎïNH3ÔÚH2OÖÐÈܽâ¶ÈºÜ´ó£¬ÆäÔÒòÖ®Ò»ÊÇNH3ºÍH2O¿ÉÒÔÐγɷÖ×Ó¼äÇâ¼ü£¬ÔòÔÚ°±Ë®ÖÐÇâ¼ü¿ÉÒÔ±íʾΪH3N¡H¡ªN¡¢____________________¡¢__________________________(ÈÎдÁ½ÖÖ¼´¿É)¡£
£¨5£©ÒÑÖª£º±í¸ñÖмüÄܺͼü³¤ÊýÄ¿¡£
»¯Ñ§¼ü | ¼ü³¤/pm | ¼üÄÜ/(kJ¡¤mol£1) |
N-N | 145 | 193 |
N=N | 125 | 418 |
N¡ÔN | 110 | 946 |
N2ºÍN4¶¼ÊÇNÔªËصĵ¥ÖÊ£¬ÆäÖÐN4ÊÇÕýËÄÃæÌå¹¹ÐÍ£¬NÔ×ÓÕ¼¾ÝËÄÃæÌåµÄËĸö¶¥µã£¬´Ó¼ü²ÎÊý½Ç¶È·ÖÎöN4·Ö×ÓÎȶ¨ÐÔԶСÓÚN2ÔÒòÊÇ________________________¡£
£¨6£©Na2OµÄ¾§°û½á¹¹ÈçͼËùʾ£¬X±íʾO2££¬Y±íʾNa£«£¬ÔòO2£µÄÅäλÊýΪ____________£¬¸Ã¾§°ûµÄÔ×Ó¿Õ¼äÀûÓÃÂÊΪ_____________¡£[ÒÑÖª¸Ã¾§°ûµÄÀⳤΪa pm£¬r(Na£«)£½x pm£¬r(O2£)£½y pm]