ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿µç¶Æ·ÏË®¡¢·ÏÔüµÄ´¦ÀíºÍ×ÛºÏÀûÓÃÌåÏÖÁËÂÌÉ«»¯Ñ§µÄ˼Ïë¡£
¢ñ£®º¬¸õµç¶Æ·ÏË®µÄ´¦Àí¿É²ÉÓÃÒÔÏ·½·¨£º
£¨1£©µç½â·¨¡£Íù·ÏË®ÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿ÂÈ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÒÔÌúΪµç¼«½øÐеç½â£¬µç½â¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Ñô¼«µÄµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª______________________¡£
£¨2£©³Áµí·¨¡£º¬¸õ·ÏË®ÖдæÔÚƽºâ£ºCr2O72-+H2O 2CrO42-+2H+£®Íù·ÏË®ÖмÓÈëBaCl2£¬¸õÔªËØת»¯Îª¸õËá±µ£¨BaCrO4£©³Áµí£¬´Ë¹ý³ÌÖУ¬»¹Ó¦¼ÓÈëNaOH£¬ÀíÓÉÊÇ_____________________¡£
¢ò£®Ä³¹¤³§ÀûÓø»º¬Äø£¨Ni£©µÄµç¶Æ·ÏÔü£¨º¬ÓÐCu¡¢Zn¡¢Fe¡¢CrµÈÔÓÖÊ£©ÖƱ¸NiSO4¡¤6H2O£®ÆäÉú²úÁ÷³ÌÈçͼËùʾ
£¨3£©²½Öè¢ÙÖмÓÈëH2SO4Ëá½þ£¬NiµÄ½þÈ¡ÂÊËæζȵÄÉý¸ßÈçͼËùʾ£¬ÇëÄã½âÊͽþÈ¡ÂÊÏÈÉÏÉýºóϽµµÄÔÒò£º_______________________________________¡£
£¨4£©ÈÜÒºCÖÐÈÜÖʵÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇ_____________ ¡£
£¨5£©²½Öè¢ÚËùÓõÄNa2SµÄŨÈÜÒºÓгô¼¦µ°Æø棬ÅäÖƸÃÈÜÒºµÄ·½·¨ÊÇ____________________¡£
£¨6£©Çëд³ö²½Öè¢ÝÖ÷Òª·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º__________________________¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿Fe-2e-=Fe2+ ÖкÍH+£¬´ÙʹÉÏÊöƽºâÓÒÒÆ£¬²úÉúBaCrO4³Áµí ζÈÉý¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂʼӿ죬½þÈ¡ÂÊÉÏÉý£»µ½Ò»¶¨³Ì¶Èºó£¬Éý¸ßζȣ¬´Ù½øNi2+Ë®½â£¬½þÈ¡ÂÊ·´¶øϽµ Na2SO4 ½«Na2S¹ÌÌåÈÜÓÚŨNaOHÈÜÒºÖУ¬¼ÓˮϡÊÍÖÁËùÐèµÄŨ¶È Ni2++ CO32-=NiCO3¡ý
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
¢ñ£®£¨1£©ÒÔÌúΪµç¼«½øÐеç½âÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬Ñô¼«ÊÇÌúʧµç×ÓÉú³ÉÑÇÌúÀë×Ó£»£¨2£©¼ÓÈëNaOHÖкÍÇâÀë×Ó£¬¿ÉÒÔʹCr2O72-+H2O 2CrO42-+2H+ƽºâÕýÏòÒƶ¯£»¢ò£®£¨3£©Î¶ÈÉý¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂʼӿ죻µ½Ò»¶¨³Ì¶Èºó£¬Éý¸ßζȣ¬´Ù½øNi2+Ë®½â£»£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬ÈÜÒºCÖеÄÑôÀë×ÓÊÇNa+¡¢ÒõÀë×ÓÊÇSO42-£»£¨5£©Na2SµÄŨÈÜÒºÓгô¼¦µ°Æøζ£¬ËµÃ÷Na2SÒ×Ë®½â£¬ÅäÖƸÃÈÜҺʱҪÒÖÖÆÆäË®½â£»£¨6£©²½Öè¢ÝÊÇÁòËáÄøÓë̼ËáÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNiCO3³ÁµíºÍÁòËáÄÆ¡£
¢ñ£®£¨1£©ÒÔÌúΪµç¼«½øÐеç½âÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬Ñô¼«ÊÇÌúʧµç×ÓÉú³ÉÑÇÌúÀë×Ó£¬Ñô¼«·´Ó¦Ê½ÎªFe-2e-=Fe2+£»
£¨2£©¼ÓÈëNaOH¿ÉÒÔÖкÍH+£¬´ÙʹÉÏÊöƽºâÓÒÒÆ£¬²úÉúBaCrO4³Áµí£»
¢ò£®£¨3£©Î¶ÈÉý¸ß£¬·´Ó¦ËÙÂʼӿ죬½þÈ¡ÂÊÉÏÉý£»µ½Ò»¶¨³Ì¶Èºó£¬Éý¸ßζȣ¬´Ù½øNi2+Ë®½â£¬½þÈ¡ÂÊ·´¶ø»áϽµ£»
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝÁ÷³Ìͼ¿ÉÖª£¬ÈÜÒºCÖÐÖ÷ÒªµÄÑôÀë×ÓÊÇNa+¡¢Ö÷ÒªµÄÒõÀë×ÓÊÇSO42-£¬ËùÒÔÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇNa2SO4£»
£¨5£©Na2SÒ×Ë®½â£¬ÅäÖƸÃÈÜÒºµÄ·½·¨ÊÇ£º½«Na2S¹ÌÌåÈÜÓÚŨNaOHÈÜÒºÖУ¬¼ÓˮϡÊÍÖÁËùÐèµÄŨ¶È£»
£¨6£©²½Öè¢ÝÊÇÁòËáÄøÓë̼ËáÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNiCO3³ÁµíºÍÁòËáÄÆ£¬·´Ó¦Àë×Ó·½³ÌʽÊÇNi2++ CO32-=NiCO3¡ý¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÎÂÊÒЧӦÊÇÓÉÓÚ´óÆøÀïÎÂÊÒÆøÌå(¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼¡¢¼×ÍéµÈ)º¬Á¿Ôö´ó¶øÐγɵġ£»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌâ:
(1)ÀûÓÃCO2¿ÉÒÔÖÆÈ¡¼×´¼,Óйػ¯Ñ§·´Ó¦ÈçÏÂ:
¢ÙCO2(g)+3H2(g)CH3OH(g)+H2O(g ) ¦¤H1=-178 kJ¡¤mol-1
¢Ú2CO(g)+O2(g)2CO2(g) ¦¤H2=-566 kJ¡¤mol-1
¢Û2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g) ¦¤H3=-483.6 kJ¡¤mol-1
ÒÑÖª·´Ó¦¢ÙÖÐÏà¹ØµÄ»¯Ñ§¼ü¼üÄÜÊý¾ÝÈçÏÂ:
»¯Ñ§¼ü | C¡ªC | C¡ªH | H¡ªH | C¡ªO | H¡ªO |
¼üÄÜ/kJ¡¤mol-1 | 348 | 413 | 436 | 358 | 463 |
Óɴ˼ÆËã¶Ï¿ª1 mol COÐèÒªÎüÊÕ____________kJµÄÄÜÁ¿¡£
(2)¼×ÍéȼÁϵç³Ø(¼ò³ÆDMFC)ÓÉÓڽṹ¼òµ¥¡¢ÄÜÁ¿×ª»¯Âʸߡ¢¶Ô»·¾³ÎÞÎÛȾ,¿É×÷Ϊ³£¹æÄÜÔ´µÄÌæ´úÆ·¶øÔ½À´Ô½Êܵ½¹Ø×¢¡£DMFC¹¤×÷ÔÀíÈçͼËùʾ:ͨÈëaÆøÌåµÄµç¼«ÊÇÔµç³ØµÄ______¼«(Ìî¡°Õý¡±»ò¡°¸º¡±),Æäµç¼«·´Ó¦Ê½Îª______¡£
(3)ÈçͼÊÇÓü×ÍéȼÁϵç³Ø(µç½âÖÊÈÜҺΪKOHÈÜÒº)ʵÏÖÌúÉ϶ÆÍ£¬Ôòb´¦Í¨ÈëµÄÊÇ____(Ìî¡°CH4¡±»ò¡°O2¡±)£¬µç½âÇ°£¬UÐιܵÄ͵缫¡¢Ìúµç¼«µÄÖÊÁ¿ÏàµÈ,µç½â2minºó£¬È¡³ö͵缫¡¢Ìúµç¼«£¬Ï´¾»¡¢ºæ¸É¡¢³ÆÁ¿,ÖÊÁ¿²îΪ12.8g,ÔÚͨµç¹ý³ÌÖÐ,µç·ÖÐͨ¹ýµÄµç×ÓΪ_____mol£¬ÏûºÄ±ê×¼×´¿öÏÂCH4______mL.