ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÒøÓÉÓÚÆäÓÅÁ¼µÄÐÔÄܺÍÌØÐÔ±»¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÕÕÏà¡¢µç×Ó¡¢µçÆøµÈ¹¤Òµ¡£·Ï¶¨Ó°ÒºÖÐÒøÖ÷ÒªÒÔNa3Ag(S2O3)2ÐÎʽ´æÔÚ£¬ÊµÑéÊÒÓ÷϶¨Ó°ÒºÖƱ¸AgµÄ¾ßÌåÁ÷³ÌÈçͼËùʾ£º
×¢£º¡°»¹Ô¡±Ê±ÓÉÓÚAg+Ö±½ÓÓëN2H4H2O·´Ó¦¹ýÓÚ¼¤ÁÒ£¬ËùÒÔ²ÉÓüÓÈ백ˮ£¬Ê¹Ag+Óë°±ÐγÉ[Ag(NH3)2]+£¬½µµÍAg+µÄŨ¶È£¬´Ó¶øÏàÓ¦½µµÍAg+µÄÑõ»¯ÄÜÁ¦£¬Ê¹·´Ó¦Äܹ»Æ½ÎȽøÐС£
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©¡°ÈÜÒø¡±Ê±²úÉúµÄÆøÌåÊÇ___(Ìѧʽ£©¡£
£¨2£©N2H4H2O(Ë®ºÏ룩ΪÎÞɫ͸Ã÷µÄÓÍ×´·¢ÑÌÒºÌ壬¾ßÓÐÇ¿»¹ÔÐÔ£¬ÊµÑéÊÒÖƱ¸ÔÀíΪNaClO+2NH3=N2H4H2O+NaCl£¬¿ÉÄÜÓõ½µÄʵÑé×°ÖÃÈçͼËùʾ£º
¢Ù±¾ÊµÑéÖÐÓò»µ½µÄ×°ÖÃÊÇ___¡£(Ìî×Öĸ£©£¬ÊÔ¼ÁxÊÇ___(Ìѧʽ£¬ÈÎдһÖÖ£©¡£
¢Ú¼ÓÈëNaClOÈÜҺʱҪÂýÂýµÎ¼Ó£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇ___¡£
¢Û°´ÆøÁ÷´Ó×óµ½Óҵķ½Ïò£¬ÕûÌ××°ÖõÄÁ¬½Ó˳ÐòΪ___(ÌîÒÇÆ÷½Ó¿ÚСд×Öĸ£©¡£
£¨3£©AgNO3¼û¹â»òÊÜÈÈÒ׷ֽ⡣½«ÉÏÊöÁ÷³ÌÖÐAgNO3ÈÜÒºÕô·¢Å¨Ëõ¿É»ñµÃAgNO3¹ÌÌ壬ʵÑé×°ÖÃÈçͼËùʾ£º
¢ÙʹÓÃÕæ¿Õ±ÃµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇ___¡£
¢Ú²â¶¨AgNO3¹ÌÌåµÄ´¿¶È(ÔÓÖʲ»²ÎÓë·´Ó¦£©³ÆÈ¡2.00gÖƱ¸µÄAgNO3¹ÌÌ壬¼ÓË®Èܽ⣬¶¨Èݵ½100mL£»×¼È·Á¿È¡25.00mLÈÜÒº£¬ËữºóµÎÈ뼸µÎNH4Fe(SO4)2ÈÜÒº×÷ָʾ¼Á£¬ÔÙÓÃ0.1000molL-1NH4SCN±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨£¬ÏûºÄNH4SCN±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄƽ¾ùÌå»ýΪ29.00mL£¬Ôò¹ÌÌåÖÐAgNO3µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ___¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿NO D CCl4 Ë®ºÏ뻹ÔÐÔºÜÇ¿£¬·ÀÖ¹NaClOŨ¶È¹ý´ó½«ÆäÑõ»¯ ehi(ih)abc(d) ʹÌåϵÐγɸºÑ¹£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚË®·ÖÔڽϵ͵ÄζÈÏÂÕô·¢£¬Í¬Ê±·ÀÖ¹AgNO3·Ö½â 98.6%
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
(1)¸ù¾ÝÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬¡°ÈÜÒø¡±¹ý³ÌÊÇAg2SÖмÓÈëÏ¡ÏõËᣬ¸ù¾ÝÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦½Ç¶È·ÖÎö£»
(2)¢Ù¸ù¾ÝÖƱ¸N2H4H2OµÄ·´Ó¦¿ÉÖª£¬ÐèÒªÖƱ¸°±Æø£¬ÁªÏµ×°ÖÃͼ£¬½áºÏ°±ÆøºÍN2H4H2OµÄÐÔÖÊÉè¼ÆÑ¡ÔñʵÑé×°ÖýøÐзÖÎö£»°±Æø¼«Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®£»
¢ÚN2H4H2O¾ßÓÐÇ¿»¹ÔÐÔ£¬NaClO¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£»
¢Û½áºÏ(2)µÄ·ÖÎö£¬Á¬½ÓÒÇÆ÷£»
(3)¢Ù¸ù¾ÝÌâ¸ÉÌṩÐÅÏ¢£ºAgNO3¼û¹â»òÊÜÈÈÒ×·Ö½â½øÐзÖÎö£»
¢ÚNH4SCN±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄƽ¾ùÌå»ýΪ29.00mL£¬ÔòNH4SCNµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.1000molL-1¡Á0.029L=2.9¡Á10-3mol£¬¸ù¾ÝAg++SCN-=AgSCN¡ý¿ÉÇóµÃÏõËáÒøµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬½ø¶øÈ·¶¨ÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£»
(1)¸ù¾ÝÁ÷³Ìͼ£¬¡°ÈÜÒø¡±¹ý³ÌÊÇAg2SÖмÓÈëÏ¡ÏõËᣬAg2SÖеÄÁòΪ-2¼Û£¬´¦ÓÚ×îµÍ¼Û̬£¬¾ßÓл¹ÔÐÔ£¬ÏõËá¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬¶þÕß·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬Ag2SÖеÄÁò»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ßת»¯ÎªÁòµ¥ÖÊ£¬Ï¡ÏõËá×ÔÉí±»»¹ÔΪNO£¬¹Ê¡°ÈÜÒø¡±¹ý³ÌÖвúÉúµÄÆøÌåΪNO£»
(2)¢Ù¸ù¾ÝÖƱ¸N2H4H2OµÄ·´Ó¦NaClO+2NH3=N2H4H2O+NaCl¿ÉÖª£¬ÐèÒªÖƱ¸°±Æø£¬ÊµÑéÊÒÓÃÂÈ»¯ï§ºÍÇâÑõ»¯¸Æ¹ÌÌå¼ÓÈëÖÆÈ¡°±Æø£¬ÔòӦѡÔñ×°ÖÃC£¬¸ù¾Ý×°ÖÃAÖзÖҺ©¶·ÖеÄҩƷΪNaClO£¬ÔòA×°ÖÃΪÖÆÈ¡Ë®ºÏëµÄ×°Öã¬×°ÖÃEÆð°²È«Æ¿×÷Ó㬰±Æø¼«Ò×ÈÜÓÚË®£¬²»ÄÜʹÓÃ×°ÖÃD£¬ÒªÊ¹ÓÃ×°ÖÃB¼´¿ÉÒÔÎüÊÕβÆøͬʱ·ÀÖ¹µ¹Îü£»¸ù¾ÝB×°ÖÃÖÐÒºÌå·Ö²ã£¬ÇÒË®ÔÚÉϲ㣬xÊÔ¼ÁÔÚϲ㣬˵Ã÷xÊÔ¼ÁÃܶȱÈË®´ó£¬ÓëË®²»»¥ÈÜ£¬²»ÄÜÈܽⰱÆø£¬½áºÏÒÑѧ֪ʶ£¬ÔòxÊÔ¼Á¿ÉΪCCl4µÈ£»
¢ÚN2H4H2O¾ßÓÐÇ¿»¹ÔÐÔ£¬NaClO¾ßÓÐÑõ»¯ÐÔ£¬ÈôNaClOÈÜÒº¼ÓÈë¹ý¿ìµ¼Ö¹ýÁ¿£¬¿É½«·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄN2H4H2OÑõ»¯£¬¹ÊÂýÂýµÎ¼ÓNaClOÈÜÒºÄÜ·ÀÖ¹Éú³ÉµÄN2H4H2O±»Ñõ»¯£»
¢Û½áºÏ¢ÙÖеķÖÎö£¬°´ÆøÌå´Ó×óµ½Óҵķ½Ïò£¬×°ÖõÄÁ¬½Ó˳ÐòΪehi(ih)abc(d)£»
(3)¢Ù¸ù¾ÝÌâ¸ÉÌṩÐÅÏ¢£ºAgNO3¼û¹â»òÊÜÈÈÒ׷ֽ⣬ʵÑé×°ÖÃÖÐÕæ¿Õ±Ã¿ÉÒÔÐγɸºÑ¹£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚË®·ÖÔڽϵ͵ÄζÈÏÂÕô·¢£¬Í¬Ê±·ÀÖ¹AgNO3·Ö½â£»
¢ÚNH4SCN±ê×¼ÈÜÒºµÄƽ¾ùÌå»ýΪ29.00mL£¬ÔòNH4SCNµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.1000molL1¡Á0.029L=2.9¡Á103mol£¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغ㣬½áºÏ·´Ó¦Ag++SCN=AgSCN¡ý¿ÉÖª£¬ÏõËáÒøµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª2.9¡Á103mol¡Á170g/mol¡Á=1.972g£¬ËùÒÔÏõËáÒøµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ¡Á100%=98.60%¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿Èâ¹ðËᣨ£©Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚÏ㾫ÏãÁÏ¡¢Ê³Æ·Ìí¼Ó¼Á¡¢ÓлúºÏ³ÉµÈ·½Ã棬ËüµÄºÏ³ÉÔÀíΪ+CH3COOH
Ö÷ÒªÊÔ¼Á¼°ÆäÎïÀíÐÔÖÊ£º
Ãû³Æ | Ïà¶Ô·Ö ×ÓÖÊÁ¿ | ÐÔ×´ | ÃܶÈ/ £¨g¡¤cm-3£© | ÈÛµã/¡æ | ·Ðµã/¡æ | Èܽâ¶È/£¨g/100 mLÈܼÁ£© | ||
Ë® | ´¼ | ÃÑ | ||||||
±½¼×È© | 106 | ÎÞÉ« ÒºÌå | 1.044 | -26 | 178¡«179 | ΢ÈÜ | ÈÜ | ÈÜ |
ÒÒËáôû | 102 | ÎÞÉ« ÒºÌå | 1.082 | -73 | 138¡«140 | ·´Ó¦ | ÈÜ | ÄÑÈÜ |
Èâ¹ðËá | 148 | °×É« ·ÛÄ© | 1.248 | 133¡«134 | 300 | ΢ÈÜ | ÈÜ | ÈÜ |
ÊÔ¼ÁÓÃÁ¿£º
ÊÔ¼ÁÃû³Æ | ±½¼×È© | ÒÒËáôû | ÎÞˮ̼Ëá¼Ø | 10%ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ | ŨÑÎËá | »îÐÔÌ¿ |
ÊÔ¼ÁÓÃÁ¿ | 3.0 mL | 5.5 mL | 4¡«5 g | 40 mL | 25 mL | 1.0 g |
ʵÑéÒÇÆ÷ÈçÏ£º
Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÊµÑé×¼±¸½×¶Î£ºÔÚ×éװʵÑéÒÇÆ÷ǰҪȷ±£·´Ó¦»ØÁ÷×°Öó¹µ×¸ÉÔÆäÔÒòÊÇ£º_______¡£
£¨2£©½«3.0 mL±½¼×È©¡¢5.5 mLÒÒËáôûºÍ4.00 gÎÞˮ̼Ëá¼ØÒÀ´Î¼ÓÈË250 mLÈý¾±ÉÕÆ¿ÖÐÒ¡ÔÈ£¬ÉÕÆ¿µ×²¿Óа×É«¿ÅÁ£×´¹ÌÌåÉú³É£¬Éϲ¿ÒºÌåÎÞɫ͸Ã÷£¬·´Ó¦¾çÁÒ£¬Óа×ÑÌð³ö¡£´î½¨ºÃ»ØÁ÷×°Öú󣬿ªÊ¼¼ÓÈÈ»ØÁ÷¡£¼ÓÈÈ»ØÁ÷ʱ¿ØÖÆ·´Ó¦³Ê΢·Ð״̬£¬¼ÓÈÈζȲ»ÄÜÌ«¸ßµÄÔÒò£º_____¡£
£¨3£©ÊµÑé½áÊøºó£¬ÏòÈý¾±ÉÕÆ¿ÖмÓÈË40 mL 10%µÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒººÍ20 mLµÄË®£¬¿É¹Û²ìµ½Ä¸ÒºÌåϵ·ÖΪÓÍÏàºÍË®Ïà¡£½«×°ÖøÄΪˮÕôÆøÕôÁó×°Ö㬿ªÊ¼¼ÓÈÈÕôÁó£¬Ê¹ÓÍÏàÖеı½¼×È©ËæË®ÕôÆøÀ뿪ĸҺ£¬¿ªÊ¼ÊÕ¼¯¡£¼ÓÈËNaOHµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ£º__________¡£B×°ÖÃÖеij¤²£Á§µ¼¹ÜµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ£º_______¡£Ë®ÕôÆøÕôÁó×°ÖÃÖÐÐèÒª¼ÓÈȵÄÒÇÆ÷ÓÐ____£¨Ìî×°ÖÃÐòºÅ£©¡£
£¨4£©¶ÔÕôÆø·¢ÉúÆ÷½øÐмÓÈÈ£¬´ýÕôÆøÎȶ¨ºóÔÙͨÈËÉÕÆ¿ÖеÄÒºÃæÏ£¬¿ªÊ¼ÕôÆøÕôÁ󣬴ý¼ì²âÁó³öÎïÖÐÎÞÓ͵κóÍ£Ö¹ÕôÁó¡£¼ÓÈË1.0 g»îÐÔÌ¿ÍÑÉ«£¬ÈȹýÂË¡£»îÐÔÌ¿ÍÑÉ«µÄÔÀíÊÇ______¡£
£¨5£©¼ÓÈë25 mLµÄŨÑÎËᣬ±ùˮԡ£¬ÉÕ±ÖÐÓа×É«¿ÅÁ£³öÏÖ¡£³éÂË£¨ÓñùˮϴµÓ£©£¬ºæÏä¸ÉÔ³ÆÁ¿¡£³ÆÖصÃm=0.35 g¡£Ôò¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ²úÂÊԼΪ_____£¨½á¹û¾«È·ÖÁ0.1% £©¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÔÚ25 ¡æʱ£¬AgClµÄ°×É«Ðü×ÇÒºÖУ¬ÒÀ´Î¼ÓÈëµÈŨ¶ÈµÄKIÈÜÒººÍNa2SÈÜÒº¡£¹Û²ìµ½µÄÏÖÏóÊÇÏȳöÏÖ»ÆÉ«³Áµí¡£×îÖÕ³öÏÖºÚÉ«³Áµí¡£ÒÑÖªÓйØÎïÖʵÄÈܶȻýKsp(25 ¡æ)ÈçÏ£º
AgCl | AgI | Ag2S | |
Ksp | 1.8¡Á10£10 | 8.51¡Á10£16 | 6.3¡Á10£50 |
ÏÂÁÐÐðÊö´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A.³Áµíת»¯µÄʵÖʾÍÊdzÁµíÈܽâƽºâµÄÒƶ¯
B.Èܽâ¶ÈСµÄ³Áµí¿ÉÒÔת»¯ÎªÈܽâ¶È¸üСµÄ³Áµí
C.AgCl¹ÌÌåÔÚµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaCl¡¢CaCl2ÈÜÒºÖеÄÈܽâ³Ì¶ÈÏàͬ
D.25 ¡æʱ£¬ÔÚ±¥ºÍAgCl¡¢AgI¡¢Ag2SÈÜÒºÖУ¬Ëùº¬Ag£«µÄŨ¶È²»Í¬