ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®ÊÒÎÂʱijÈÜÒºµÄpH£¼7£¬Ôò¸ÃÎïÖÊÒ»¶¨ÊÇËá»òÇ¿ËáÈõ¼îÑÎ |
B£®ÒÑÖªÊÒÎÂʱ£¬0.1mol¡¤L-1ijһԪËáHAµÄµçÀëƽºâ³£ÊýΪ1¡Á10-7£¬Ôò¸ÃËáµÄµçÀë¶ÈԼΪ0.01% |
C£®0.02mol¡¤L-1CH3COOHÈÜÒººÍ0.01mol¡¤L-1NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖУº 2c(H+) + c(CH3COOH) =" 2" c(OH-) + c(CH3COO-) |
D£®ÔÚζȲ»±äµÄÌõ¼þÏÂÏòCaSO4±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNa2SO4ÈÜÒº£¬CaSO4½«»áÎö³ö£¬µ«Ksp²»»á·¢Éú¸Ä±ä |
C
½âÎöÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢Ò²¿ÉÄÜΪËáʽÑΣ¬´íÎó£»B¡¢Ka=£¬¿ÉÒÔÇó³öµçÀëµÄHAŨ¶ÈΪ1¡Á10-4mol/L£¬¹ÊµçÀë¶ÈΪ¡Á100%=0.1%£¬´íÎó£»C¡¢»ìºÏºóµÈŨ¶ÈµÄCH3COOHºÍCH3COONaÈÜÒº£¬ÓÐÎïÁÏÊغãÓÐc(CH3COOH)+c(CH3COO-)=2c(Na+)£¬µçºÉÊغãÓÐc(Na+)+c(H+)=c(OH-)+c(CH3COO-)£¬Á½Õß¿ÉÒÔ½âµÃ´ð°¸ÖеÈʽ£¬ÕýÈ·£»D¡¢KspÖ»ÓëζÈÓйأ¬ÓëŨ¶ÈÎ޹أ¬ÕýÈ·¡£
¿¼µã£º¿¼²éµç½âÖÊÈÜÒº£¬Éæ¼°Èõµç½âÖʵçÀë¡¢ÑÎÀàË®½â¡¢³ÁµíÈܽâƽºâºÍÈý´óÊغã¹Øϵ¡£
³£ÎÂÏÂamo1£¯L CH3COOHÏ¡ÈÜÒººÍb mol/L KOHÏ¡ÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÅжÏÒ»¶¨´íÎóµÄÊÇ
A£®c£¨OHÒ»£©>c£¨H+£©Ê±£¬a=b | B£®c£¨K+£©>c£¨CH3COO¡ª£©Ê±£¬a>b |
C£®c£¨OHÒ»£©=c£¨H+£©Ê±£¬a>b | D£®c£¨K+£©<c£¨CH3COO¡ª£©Ê±£¬a<b |
ÔÚʵÑéÊÒÖÐÎÒÃÇÓñê׼Ũ¶ÈµÄÑÎËáµÎ¶¨Î´ÖªÅ¨¶ÈµÄ̼ËáÄÆ£¬Í¨¹ýpH´«¸ÐÆ÷»æÖÆÁËÈçÏÂͼÏñ¡£Í¨¹ý¶ÔͼÏñµÄ·ÖÎö£¬ÄãÈÏΪÏÂÁÐÍƶÏÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®Ì¼ËáÄƵÄŨ¶ÈΪ0.001mol¡¤L£1 |
B£®ÔÚpH=7ʱÈÜÒºÖÐ[Na£]=[Cl£] |
C£®ÔÚpH=6ʱ£º[Na+]£¾[HCO3£]£¾[CO32£] |
D£®c¡úd·¢ÉúµÄÖ÷ÒªÀë×Ó·´Ó¦£ºCO32£+H+=HCO3£ |
ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£º£¨ £©
A£®95¡æʱ´¿Ë®µÄpH<7£¬ËµÃ÷¼ÓÈȿɵ¼ÖÂË®³ÊËáÐÔ |
B£®½«pH£½3µÄCH3COOHÈÜÒº¼ÓˮϡÊÍ10±¶ºópH£½4 |
C£®0.2 mol/LµÄÑÎËá1L¼ÓË®µ½2Lºó£¬ÈÜÒºµÄpH=1 |
D£®NaHCO3ÈÜҺˮ½â·´Ó¦µÄ·½³Ìʽ£º HCO3-+ H2O = H3O++ CO32- |
Óñê×¼ÑÎËáµÎ¶¨Î´ÖªÅ¨¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÏÂÁи÷²Ù×÷ÖУ¬²»»áÒýÆðʵÑéÎó²îµÄÊÇ
A£®ÓÃÕôÁóË®Ùþ¾»µÎ¶¨¹Üºó£¬×°Èë±ê×¼ÑÎËá½øÐеζ¨ |
B£®ÓÃÕôÁóË®Ùþ¾»×¶ÐÎÆ¿ºó£¬ÔÙÓÃNaOHÒºÈóÏ´£¬¶øºó×°ÈëÒ»¶¨Ìå»ýµÄNaOHÈÜÒº |
C£®Óü׻ù³È×öָʾ¼Á£¬µ±ÈÜÒºÓÉ»ÆÉ«±ä³É³ÈÉ«£¬Á¢¿Ì¶ÁÊýÑÎËáÌå»ý¡£ |
D£®ÓüîʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜÈ¡10.00 mLNaOHÈÜÒº·ÅÈëÓÃÕôÁóˮϴ¾»µÄ׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈëÊÊÁ¿ÕôÁóË®½øÐеζ¨ |
25oCʱ£¬pH=2µÄHClÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÓÉË®µçÀë³öµÄH£«µÄŨ¶ÈÊÇ( )
A£®1¡Á10£7mol¡¤L£1 | B£®1¡Á10£12mol¡¤L£1 |
C£®1¡Á10£2mol¡¤L£1 | D£®1¡Á10£14mol¡¤L£1 |
ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬ÓÃ0.10mol/LµÄÑÎËáµÎ¶¨20.00mL 0.10mol/LµÄij¼îBOHÈÜÒºµÃµ½µÄµÎ¶¨ÇúÏßÈçÏ£¬ÏÂÁÐÅжϲ»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ( )
A£®aµãʱ£¬ÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐc(B+)>c(Cl-) |
B£®bµãʱÈÜÒºµÄpH=7 |
C£®µ±c(Cl-)=c(B+)ʱ£¬V(HCl)<20mL |
D£®CµãʱÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)ԼΪ0.03mol/L |
Ò»¶¨Î¶ÈÏ£¬Ë®´æÔÚH2O ? H+ + OH- + Q£¨Q£¼0£©µÄƽºâ£¬ÏÂÁÐÐðÊöÒ»¶¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®ÏòË®ÖеÎÈëÉÙÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬƽºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬Kw¼õС |
B£®½«Ë®¼ÓÈÈ£¬KwÔö´ó£¬pH¼õС |
C£®ÏòË®ÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿¹ÌÌåCH3COONa£¬Æ½ºâÄæÏòÒƶ¯£¬c(H+)½µµÍ |
D£®ÏòË®ÖмÓÈëÉÙÁ¿¹ÌÌåÁòËáÄÆ£¬c(H+)=10-7mol/L£¬Kw²»±ä |
³£ÎÂÏ£¬0.1mol/L HXµÄpH=1£¬0.1 mol/LCH3COOHµÄpH=2.9¡£ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨Öв»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®HXºÍCH3COOH¾ù¿ÉÒÖÖÆË®µÄµçÀë |
B£®½«HClÓëHX¸÷0.1molÈÜÓÚË®Åä³É1L»ìºÏÈÜÒº£¬ÔòÈÜÒºµÄc(H+)="0.2" mol/L |
C£®µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÈÌå»ýµÄHXÓëCH3COONaÁ½ÈÜÒº»ìºÏºóËùµÃÈÜÒºÖУº c(Na+)£¾c(CH3COOH)£¾c(CH3COO-)£¾c(H+)£¾c(OH-) |
D£®ÏòµÈŨ¶ÈµÈÌå»ýµÄHXºÍCH3COOHÈÜÒºÖУ¬·Ö±ð¼ÓÈëͬŨ¶ÈµÄ£ÎaOHÈÜÒº£¬ÓûʹÁ½ÕßpH¾ùµÈÓÚ7£¬ÔòÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÇ°Õß´óÓÚºóÕß |