ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
1£®ÓÐA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÎåÖÖÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´óµÄÔªËØ£¨Ô×ÓÐòÊý¾ùСÓÚ30£©£®AµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ3¸öµ¥µç×Ó£»CµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ1¸öµ¥µç×Ó£»EÔ×Ó×îÍâ²ãÓÐ1¸öµ¥µç×Ó£¬Æä´ÎÍâ²ãÓÐ3¸öÄܼ¶ÇÒ¾ùÅÅÂúµç×Ó£»DÓëEͬÖÜÆÚ£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÊýΪ2£®Ôò£º£¨1£©DµÄÔªËØ·ûºÅΪCa£®AµÄµ¥ÖÊ·Ö×ÓÖЦмüµÄ¸öÊýΪ2£®
£¨2£©BÔªËصÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄ·ÐµãÊÇͬ×åÔªËØÇ⻯ÎïÖÐ×î¸ßµÄ£¬ÔÒòÊÇË®·Ö×Ó¼äÖ®¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼üÇâ¼ü±È·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦¸üÇ¿£®
£¨3£©A¡¢B¡¢C 3ÖÖÔªËصĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòΪF£¾N£¾O£¨ÓÃÔªËØ·ûºÅ±íʾ£©£®
£¨4£©Ð´³ö»ù̬EÔ×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£º3d104s1£®
£¨5£©AµÄ×î¼òµ¥Ç⻯Îï·Ö×ӵĿռ乹ÐÍΪÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ¬ÆäÖÐAÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍÊÇsp3£®
£¨6£©CºÍDÐγɵĻ¯ºÏÎïµÄ¾§°û½á¹¹ÈçͼËùʾ£¬ÒÑÖª¾§ÌåµÄÃܶÈΪ¦Ñ g•cm-3£¬°¢·ü¼ÓµÂÂÞ³£ÊýΪNA£¬Ç󾧰û±ß³¤a=$\root{3}{\frac{312}{¦Ñ•{N}_{A}}}$cm£®£¨Óæѡ¢NAµÄ¼ÆËãʽ±íʾ£©
·ÖÎö ÓÐA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÎåÖÖÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´óµÄÔªËØ£¨Ô×ÓÐòÊý¾ùСÓÚ30£©£¬AµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ3¸öµ¥µç×Ó£¬Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª1s22s22p3£¬ÔòAÊÇNÔªËØ£»CµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ1¸öµ¥µç×Ó£¬ÇÒCµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý´óÓÚA£¬ÆäÔ×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª1s22s22p5£¬ËùÒÔCÊÇFÔªËØ£¬½áºÏÔ×ÓÐòÊý¿ÉÍÆÖªBÊÇOÔªËØ£»EÔ×ÓºËÍâÓгɵ¥µç×Ó£¬Æä´ÎÍâ²ãÓÐ3¸öÄܼ¶ÇÒ¾ùÅÅÂúµç×Ó£¬ÇÒÔ×ÓÐòÊýСÓÚ30£¬ÔòE´¦ÓÚµÚËÄÖÜÆÚ£¬Æä»ù̬Ô×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½[Ar]3d104s1£¬ÔòEÊÇCuÔªËØ£»DÓëEͬÖÜÆÚ£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÊýΪ2£¬ÔòDÊÇCaÔªËØ£¬¾Ý´Ë½â´ð£®
½â´ð ½â£ºÓÐA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢D¡¢EÎåÖÖÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´óµÄÔªËØ£¨Ô×ÓÐòÊý¾ùСÓÚ30£©£¬AµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ3¸öµ¥µç×Ó£¬Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª1s22s22p3£¬ÔòAÊÇNÔªËØ£»CµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó2pÄܼ¶ÓÐ1¸öµ¥µç×Ó£¬ÇÒCµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý´óÓÚA£¬ÆäÔ×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª1s22s22p5£¬ËùÒÔCÊÇFÔªËØ£¬½áºÏÔ×ÓÐòÊý¿ÉÍÆÖªBÊÇOÔªËØ£»EÔ×ÓºËÍâÓгɵ¥µç×Ó£¬Æä´ÎÍâ²ãÓÐ3¸öÄܼ¶ÇÒ¾ùÅÅÂúµç×Ó£¬ÇÒÔ×ÓÐòÊýСÓÚ30£¬ÔòE´¦ÓÚµÚËÄÖÜÆÚ£¬Æä»ù̬Ô×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½[Ar]3d104s1£¬ÔòEÊÇCuÔªËØ£»DÓëEͬÖÜÆÚ£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÊýΪ2£¬ÔòDÊÇCaÔªËØ£¬
£¨1£©DΪCaÔªËØ£»AµÄµ¥ÖÊΪµªÆø£¬µªÆøµÄ½á¹¹Ê½Îª£ºN¡ÔN£¬ËùÒÔµªÆø·Ö×ÓÖк¬ÓÐÒ»¸ö¦Ò¼üÁ½¸ö¦Ð¼ü£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCa£»2£»
£¨2£©BΪÑõÔªËØ£¬ÆäÇ⻯ÎïΪˮ£¬Ë®·Ö×Ó¼äÄÜ´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬Çâ¼ü±È·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦¸üÇ¿£¬H2OµÄ·ÐµãÊÇͬ×åÔªËØÖÐ×î¸ßµÄ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºË®·Ö×Ó¼äÖ®¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬Çâ¼ü±È·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦¸üÇ¿£»
£¨3£©Í¬Ò»ÖÜÆÚÖУ¬ÔªËصĵÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜËæ×ÅÔ×ÓÐòÊýµÄÔö´ó³ÊÔö´óÇ÷ÊÆ£¬µ«NÔªËØ2pÄܼ¶ÈÝÄÉ3¸öµç×Ó£¬´¦ÓÚ°ëÂúÎȶ¨×´Ì¬£¬ÄÜÁ¿½ÏµÍ£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ´óÓÚͬÖÜÆÚÏàÁÚÔªËØ£¬ËصÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòΪ£ºF£¾N£¾O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºF£¾N£¾O£»
£¨4£©EÊÇÍÔªËØ£¬¸ù¾Ý¹¹ÔìÔÀíÖª£¬Æä»ù̬Ô×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½[Ar]3d104s1£¬¹Ê»ù̬CuÔ×ӵļ۵ç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª£º3d104s1£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3d104s1£»
£¨5£©AΪNÔªËØ£¬NÔªËصļòµ¥Ç⻯ÎïÊÇ°±Æø£¬NH3·Ö×ÓÖеªÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶Ô=3+$\frac{5-1¡Á3}{2}$=4£¬ÇÒº¬ÓÐÒ»¸ö¹Âµç×Ó¶Ô£¬ËùÒÔ·Ö×ӿռ乹ÐÍÊÇÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ¬NÔ×Ó²ÉÈ¡sp3ÔÓ»¯£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÈý½Ç׶ÐΣ»sp3£»
£¨6£©FºÍCaÐγɵĻ¯ºÏÎïΪCaF2£¬Óɾ§°û½á¹¹¿ÉÖª£¬¾§°ûÖа×É«ÇòÊýÄ¿=8¡¢ºÚÉ«ÇòÊýÄ¿=8¡Á$\frac{1}{8}$+6¡Á$\frac{1}{2}$=4£¬°×É«ÇòΪF¡¢ºÚÉ«ÇòΪCa£¬Ôò¾§°ûÖÊÁ¿=4¡Á$\frac{78g}{{N}_{A}}$=$\frac{312}{{N}_{A}}$g£¬¾§°ûµÄÌå»ýΪ£ºa3=$\frac{\frac{312}{{N}_{A}}g}{¦Ñg•c{m}^{-3}}$=$\frac{312}{¦Ñ•{N}_{A}}$cm3£¬
ËùÒԸþ§°û±ß³¤a=$\root{3}{\frac{312}{¦Ñ•{N}_{A}}}$cm£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º$\root{3}{\frac{312}{¦Ñ•{N}_{A}}}$£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éλÖýṹÓëÐÔÖʵÄÓ¦Óã¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬Éæ¼°ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼¡¢·Ö×ӿռ乹ÐÍ¡¢»¯Ñ§¼ü¡¢ÔÓ»¯·½Ê½¡¢µçÀëÄÜ¡¢¾§°û¼ÆËãµÈ£¬¶¼ÊÇ¿¼ÊÔÈȵ㣬עÒâµÚÒ»µçÀëÄܵı仯Ç÷ÊƼ°Òì³£ÏÖÏó£¬ÎªÒ×´íµã£®
A£® | Óë×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº¹²ÈȺó£¬ÔÙͨÈë×ãÁ¿CO2 | |
B£® | Óë×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº¹²ÈȺó£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈëÊÊÁ¿H2SO4 | |
C£® | ÓëÏ¡H2SO4¹²ÈȺ󣬼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒº | |
D£® | ÓëÏ¡H2SO4¹²ÈȺ󣬼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿µÄNa2CO3ÈÜÒº |
A£® | ÏòFeI2µÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬Í¨Èë×ãÁ¿Cl2£º2Fe2++2I-+2Cl2¨TI2+2Fe3++4Cl- | |
B£® | Fe£¨OH£©3ÈÜÓÚÇâµâË᣺Fe£¨OH£©3+3H+¨TFe3++3H2O | |
C£® | ÏòË®²£Á§ÖÐͨÈë¹ýÁ¿µÄCO2£ºSiO32-+2CO2+2H2O¨TH2SiO3¡ý+2HCO3- | |
D£® | ËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂKIO3ÈÜÒºÓëKIÈÜÒº·¢Éú·´Ó¦Éú³ÉI2£ºIO3-+5I-+3H2O¨T3I2+6OH- |