ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
18£®ÀûÓÃNa2S2O8²úÉúµÄÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔSO4-•£¨×ÔÓÉ»ù£©½µ½âÓлúÎÛȾÎïÊÇÄ¿Ç°×î¾ßDZÁ¦µÄ¸ß¼¶Ñõ»¯¼¼Êõ£®ÎÄÏ×±¨µÀij¿ÎÌâ×é̽¾¿pH£¬µ¥ÖÊÌúºÍNa2S2O8µÄŨ¶È¶Ô½µ½â2£¬4-DMAP£¨2£¬4--¼×»ù±½·Ó£©Ð§ÂʵÄÓ°Ï죮£¨1£©Ì½¾¿ÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔµÄÓ°Ï죺½«µÈÁ¿µÄ2£¬4-DMAP¼ÓÈëµ½²»Í¬pHµÄNa2S2O8ÈÜÒºÖУ¬½á¹ûÈçͼ1Ëùʾ£®ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÖª£ºÈÜÒºËáÐÔÔöÇ¿£¬ÓÐÀûÓÚ £¨Ìî¡°ÓÐÀûÓÚ¡±»ò¡°²»ÀûÓÚ¡±£©Na2S2O8²úÉúSO4-•£®
£¨2£©Ì½¾¿Ìú·ÛÓÃÁ¿µÄÓ°Ï죺
¢ÙʵÑéÇ°£¬ÏÈÓÃ0.1mol•L-1 H2SO4Ï´µÓFe·Û£¬ÆäÄ¿µÄÊÇÈ¥³ýÌú·Û±íÃæµÄÑõ»¯ÎïµÈÔÓÖÊ£¬ºóÓÃÕôÁóˮϴµÓÖÁÖÐÐÔ£»
¢ÚÏàͬÌõ¼þÏ£¬È¡²»Í¬Á¿´¦ÀíºóµÄÌú·Û·Ö±ð¼ÓÈëc£¨2£¬4-DMAP£©=1.0¡Á10 -3mol•L-1¡¢c£¨Na2S2O8£©=4.2¡Á10-3mol•L-1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÊµÑé½á¹ûÈçͼ2Ëùʾ£®ÆäÖнµ½âЧÂÊ×îºÃµÄÌú·ÛÓÃÁ¿ÊÇ1.5g/L£»¼ÆËã´Ó·´Ó¦¿ªÊ¼µ½Aµãʱ£¬2£¬4-DMAP½µ½âµÄƽ¾ù·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊΪ2.0¡Á10-5mol/£¨L•min£©£¨ºöÂÔ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐÈÜÒº×ÜÖÊÁ¿±ä»¯£©£®
¢ÛÒÑÖª£º2Fe+O2+2H2O=2Fe2++4OH-£¬S2O8-+Fe2+=SO4-+SO42-+Fe3+´ËÍ⻹¿ÉÄܻᷢÉú£ºSO4-+Fe2+=SO42-+Fe3+£®µ±Ìú·Û¼ÓÈëÁ¿¹ý´óʱ£¬2£¬4-DMAPµÄ½µ½âÂÊ·´¶øϽµ£¬ÔÒò¿ÉÄÜÊÇ£¨ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾ£©£®Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+£¬SO4-+Fe2+=SO42-+Fe3+£®
£¨3£©Ì½¾¿Na2S2O8Ũ¶ÈµÄÓ°Ï죺ÌîдϱíÖпոñ£¬Íê³ÉʵÑé·½°¸£®
ÐòºÅ¡¢ÎïÀíÁ¿ | M£¨Fe·Û£©/g | V[0.05mol£®L-1Na2S2O8]/mL | V[H2O]/mL | ÊÕ¼¯Êý¾ÝºÍµÃ³ö½áÂÛ | |
1 | 100 | 0.3 | 50 | 50 | |
2 | 100V£¨ÎÛË®£©/mL | 0.3 |
·ÖÎö £¨1£©µ±ÆäËüÌõ¼þÏàͬ£¬½«4-CP¼ÓÈëµ½²»Í¬pHµÄNa2S2O8ÈÜÒºÖУ¬¸ù¾ÝͼÏóÖª£¬ÈÜÒºµÄpHԽС£¬4-CP½µ½âÂÊÔ½´ó£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÌú±íÃæÓÐÌúÐâ¼ÓÈëÁòËá¿É³ýÈ¥£»
¢Ú¾Ýͼ·ÖÎö£¬½µ½âЧÂÊ×îºÃµÄÌú·ÛÓÃÁ¿ÊÇdÇúÏߣ¬¼´1.5gʱ£¬c£¨2£¬4-DMAP£©=1.0¡Á10 -3mol•L-1¼ÙÉèÓÐ1LÈÜÒº£¬Ôòº¬ÓÐ2£¬4--¼×»ù±½·ÓµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª1.0¡Á10 -3mol•L-1¡Á122g/mol=0.122g£¬½áºÏAµãʱÆäÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÓÐ20%¼ÆËã·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£»
¢ÛFeÄܹ»ÓëÌúÀë×Ó·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÑÇÌúÀë×Ó£¬ÑÇÌúÀë×ÓÄܹ»½«Ç¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔSO4-•£¨×ÔÓÉ»ù£©»¹Ô£»
£¨3£©Ì½¾¿Na2S2O8Ũ¶ÈµÄÓ°Ï죬ӦʹÆäËûÎïÖÊŨ¶ÈºÍÓÃÁ¿Ïàͬ£¬Na2S2O8Ũ¶È²»Í¬£¬¹Û²ìÔÚÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚ2£¬4-DMAPµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©µ±ÆäËüÌõ¼þÏàͬ£¬½«4-CP¼ÓÈëµ½²»Í¬pHµÄNa2S2O8ÈÜÒºÖУ¬¸ù¾ÝͼÏóÖª£¬ÈÜÒºµÄpHԽС£¬4-CP½µ½âÂÊÔ½´ó£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒºËáÐÔÔöÇ¿ÓÐÀûÓÚNa2S2O8²úÉúSO4-•£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÓÐÀûÓÚ£»
£¨2£©H2SO4¿ÉÒÔ³ýÈ¥Fe·Û±íÃæµÄÑõ»¯Î
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÈ¥³ýÌú·Û±íÃæµÄÑõ»¯ÎïµÈÔÓÖÊ£»
¢Ú¾Ýͼ·ÖÎö£¬½µ½âЧÂÊ×îºÃµÄÌú·ÛÓÃÁ¿ÊÇdÇúÏߣ¬¼´1.5g/Lʱ£»¼ÙÉèÓÐ1LÈÜÒº£¬Ôòº¬ÓÐ2£¬4-¶þ¼×»ù±½·ÓµÄÖÊÁ¿Îª1.0¡Á10 -3mol•L-1¡Á122g/mol=0.122g£¬Aµãʱ½µ½âÁË80%£¬Îª0.0976g£¬ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª0.0008mol£¬ËùÒÔ40minʱµÄ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊΪ$\frac{\frac{0.0008mol}{1L}}{40min}$=2.0¡Á10-5mol/£¨L•min£©£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º1.5£»2.0¡Á10-5mol/£¨L•min£©£»
¢ÛFeÄܹ»ÓëÌúÀë×Ó·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÑÇÌúÀë×Ó£¬ÑÇÌúÀë×ÓÄܹ»½«Ç¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔSO4-•£¨×ÔÓÉ»ù£©»¹Ô£¬·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪFe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+£¬SO4-+Fe2+=SO42-+Fe3+£»
£¨3£©Ì½¾¿Na2S2O8Ũ¶È¶Ô¶Ô½µ½â2£¬4-DMAP£¨2£¬4--¼×»ù±½·Ó£©Ð§ÂʵÄÓ°Ï죬ӦʹÆäËûÎïÖÊŨ¶ÈºÍÓÃÁ¿Ïàͬ£¬Na2S2O8Ũ¶È²»Í¬£¬¹Û²ìÔÚÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚ2£¬4-DMAPµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ÓÈë¶àÓÚ50mLµÄ0.05mol£®L-1Na2S2O8ÈÜÒº£¬»òÉÙÓÚ50mLµÄ0.05mol£®L-1Na2S2O8ÈÜÒº£¬µ«ÈÜÒº×ÜÌå»ýҪΪ100mL£¬¼´Na2S2O8ÈÜÒºÓëË®µÄÌå»ýÖ®ºÍΪ100mL£¬ÀýÈç30mLNa2S2O8ÈÜÒººÍ70mLË®£¬ÊÕ¼¯µÄÊý¾ÝºÍµÃ³öµÄ½áÂÛÊÇ£ºÈôÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚ2£¬4-DMAPµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯Ïàͬ£¬Ôò˵Ã÷Na2S2O8Ũ¶È¶Ô2£¬4-DMAP½µ½âÂÊÎÞÓ°Ï죬Èô2£¬4-DMAPµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯²»Ïàͬ£¬Ôò˵Ã÷Na2S2O8Ũ¶È¶Ô2£¬4-DMAP½µ½âÂÊÓÐÓ°Ï죬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
ÐòºÅ¡¢ÎïÀíÁ¿ | M£¨Fe·Û£©/g | V[0.05mol£®L-1Na2S2O8]/mL | V[H2O]/mL | ÊÕ¼¯Êý¾ÝºÍµÃ³ö½áÂÛ | |
1 | ÈôÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚ2£¬4-DMAPµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯Ïàͬ£¬Ôò˵Ã÷Na2S2O8Ũ¶È¶Ô2£¬4-DMAP½µ½âÂÊÎÞÓ°Ï죬Èô2£¬4-DMAPµÄŨ¶È±ä»¯²»Ïàͬ£¬Ôò˵Ã÷Na2S2O8Ũ¶È¶Ô2£¬4-DMAP½µ½âÂÊÓÐÓ°Ï죮 | ||||
2 | 30 | 70 |
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²é̽¾¿ÊµÑ飬²àÖØ¿¼²éѧÉú»ñÈ¡ÐÅÏ¢¡¢¼Ó¹¤ÐÅÏ¢¡¢ÀûÓÃÐÅÏ¢½â´ðÎÊÌâÄÜÁ¦£¬ÖªµÀͼÏóÖÐ×ݺá×ø±êµÄº¬Òå¼°±ä»¯Ç÷ÊÆ£¬ÖªµÀʵÑéÄ¿µÄ¼°ÔÀí£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
ÊÔ¼Á£ºA£®äåË®¡¡B£®NaOHÈÜÒº ¡¡C£®CaO D£®ËáÐÔKMnO4 ÈÜÒº E£®±¥ºÍNa2CO3ÈÜÒº
²Ù×÷·½·¨£ºa£®ÕôÁó b£®·ÖÒº c£®Ï´Æø d£®¹ýÂË e£®¸ÉÁó f£®·ÖÁó g£®ÁÑ»¯
×é±ð | ÎïÖÊ | ÔÓÖÊ | ÊÔ¼Á | ²Ù×÷·½·¨ |
1 | ÒÒÍé | ÒÒÏ© | ||
2 | äå±½ | äå | ||
3 | ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥ | ÒÒËá | ||
4 | ÒÒ´¼ | Ë® | ||
5 | ½«ÖØÓÍת»¯ÎªÆûÓÍ | |||
6 | °Ñúת»¯Îª½¹Â¯Æø¡¢Ãº½¹Óͺͽ¹Ì¿µÈ |
A£® | ¹èµ¥Öʹ㷺ÓÃÓÚÖÆ×÷¹âµ¼ÏËά | |
B£® | SO2ʹÂÈË®ÍÊÉ«£¬ËµÃ÷SO2¾ßÓÐƯ°×ÐÔ | |
C£® | ÂÈÆøй©ºóӦ˳·çÏòµÍ´¦ÅÜ | |
D£® | ËáÓêµÄpHֵСÓÚ5.6 |
A£® | Öð½¥±äС | B£® | Öð½¥Ôö´ó | C£® | Ïȱä´ó£¬ºó±äС | D£® | ÏȱäС£¬ºó±ä´ó |
A£® | H2¡¢N2¡¢CCl4 | B£® | CH4¡¢NH3¡¢H2O | C£® | CO2¡¢CS2¡¢Cl2 | D£® | HCl¡¢NO¡¢Br2 |