ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
5£®È¡µ×²¿³Á»ýÓÐNaCl¹ÌÌåµÄNaCl±¥ºÍÈÜÒº£¬µÎ¼Ó1-2µÎŨÑÎËᣨԼ12mol/L£©£¬¼´¿É¹Û²ìµ½´óÁ¿°×É«³Áµí²úÉú£®¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöÊÂʵ¼°Ëùѧ֪ʶ£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©¢ÙÎö³öµÄ³ÁµíÊÇNaCl
¢ÚÍƲⱥºÍÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈСÓÚ12mol/L
¢ÛµÃµ½µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ×ÅÈܽâƽºâ
¢Ü¼ÓÈëŨÑÎËáºó£¬NaClµÄÈܽâËÙÂÊСÓÚNaClµÄ³ÁµíËÙÂÊ
¢Ý¼ÓÈÈŨËõ»ò½µÎÂÒ²¿ÉÒÔʹNaClÎö³ö£®
A£® | È«²¿ | B£® | ¢Ù¢Û¢Ü | C£® | ¢Ù¢Û¢Ü¢Ý | D£® | ¢Ú¢Û¢Ü¢Ý |
·ÖÎö È¡µ×²¿³Á»ýÓÐNaCl¹ÌÌåµÄNaCl±¥ºÍÈÜÒº£¬´ËʱNaClÒѾ´ïµ½Æ½ºâ³ÁµíÈܽâƽºâ£ºNaCl£¨s£©?Na+£¨aq£©+Cl-£¨aq£©£¬¼ÓÈë12mol/LµÄHClºó¼´¿É¹Û²ìµ½´óÁ¿°×É«³Áµí²úÉú£¬ËµÃ÷¼ÓÈëµÄÑÎËáÖеÄÂÈÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óÓÚÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈܽâƽºâÖÐÂÈÀë×ÓŨ¶È£¬Æ½ºâ×óÒÆ£¬¾Ý´Ë½â´ð¼´¿É£®
½â´ð ½â£º¢Ù´ËÈÜÒºÖÐÖ»ÓÐÁ½ÖÖÎïÖÊ£¬HClÓëNaCl£¬ÇÒÓÉÂÈ»¯ÄÆΪ±¥ºÍÈÜÒº¿ÉÒÔÍƶÏÎö³öµÄ³ÁµíÊÇNaCl£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£»
¢ÚµÎ¼Ó1-2µÎŨÑÎËᣨԼ12mol/L£©£¬¼´¿É¹Û²ìµ½´óÁ¿°×É«³Áµí²úÉú£¬¿ÉÒÔÍƲâµÃ³ö±¥ºÍÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈСÓÚ12mol/L£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£»
¢ÛµÃµ½µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚ×ÅÈܽâƽºâ£ºNaCl£¨s£©?Na+£¨aq£©+Cl-£¨aq£©£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£»
¢Ü¼ÓÈëŨÑÎËáºó£¬Æ½ÒÆ×óÒÆ£¬¼´NaClµÄÈܽâËÙÂÊСÓÚNaClµÄ³ÁµíËÙÂÊ£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£»
¢Ý¼ÓÈÈŨËõʹµÃÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿¼õС£¬¿ÉÒÔÖÂʹÂÈ»¯Äƹý±¥ºÍÎö³ö£¬½µÎÂÒ²¿ÉÒÔʹNaClµÄÈܽâ¶È½µµÍÎö³ö£¬¹ÊÕýÈ·£¬
¹ÊÑ¡A£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÖ÷Òª¿¼²éµÄÊDZ¥ºÍÈÜÒºµÄ¸ÅÄîÓë³ÁµíÈܽâƽºâµÄÓ°ÏìÒòËØ£¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
A£® | µ±V[NaOH£¨aq£©]=20 mLʱ£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС¹Øϵ£ºc£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HA-£©£¾c£¨H+£©£¾c£¨A2-£©£¾c£¨OH-£© | |
B£® | µÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄNaOHÈÜÒºÓëH2AÈÜÒº»ìºÏºó£¬ÆäÈÜÒºÖÐË®µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È±È´¿Ë®´ó | |
C£® | H2AµÚÒ»²½µçÀëµÄ·½³ÌʽΪH2A¡úHA-+H+ | |
D£® | ÏòNaHAÈÜÒº¼ÓÈëˮϡÊ͵Ĺý³ÌÖУ¬pH¿ÉÄÜÔö´óÒ²¿ÉÄܼõÉÙ |
A£® | ʹ¼×»ù³È±äºìÉ«µÄÈÜÒº£ºMg2+¡¢Fe2+¡¢SO42-¡¢NO3- | |
B£® | Èõ¼îÐÔÈÜÒº£ºNa+¡¢Ca2+¡¢HCO3-¡¢NO3- | |
C£® | ʹʯÈïÏÔ×ÏÉ«µÄÈÜÒº£ºAl3+¡¢K+¡¢SO42-¡¢HCO3- | |
D£® | 0.1mol•L-1NaAlO2ÈÜÒº£ºH+¡¢Na+¡¢Cl-¡¢SO42- |
A£® | ¸ÃζÈÏ£¬0.005mol/L H2AÈÜÒºÖÐË®µçÀë³öµÄc£¨H+£©=10-12mol/L | |
B£® | H2AÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖеĵçÀë·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH2A?H++HA-£¬HA-?A2-+H+ | |
C£® | £¨NH4£©2AÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚÀë×ÓŨ¶È¹Øϵ£º£¨NH4+£©£¾£¨A2-£©£¾£¨H+£©£¾£¨OH-£© | |
D£® | µÈÌå»ýµÈŨ¶ÈµÄÑÎËáÓëH2AÈÜÒº·Ö±ðÓë5.6gFe·´Ó¦£¬H2A²úÉúµÄH2¶à |
£¨1£©µç½â·¨ÍѵªµÄÔÀí¿ÉÄÜÈçÏ£º
¢ÙÖ±½ÓµçÑõ»¯
ÔÚ¼îÐÔÌõ¼þÏ£¬·¢Éú2NH3+6OH--6e-=N2+6H2O·´Ó¦µÄµç¼«ÎªÑô¼«£¨Ìî¡°Òõ¡±¡¢¡°Ñô¡±£©¼«£»
¢Ú•OH£¨ôÇ×ÔÓÉ»ù£©µçÑõ»¯
ÔÚµçÁ÷×÷ÓÃÏ£¬ÀûÓòúÉúµÄÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐÔÖмä²úÎï•OHÍѵª£»•OHÖÐOÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û-1£»
¢Û¼ä½ÓµçÑõ»¯
ÀûÓõç½â²úÉúµÄCl2£¬ÓëH2O×÷ÓÃÉú³ÉHClO½øÐÐÍѵª£®Çëд³öHClOÔÚËáÐÔÌõ¼þÏÂÑõ»¯NH4+µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ3HClO+2NH4+=N2¡ü+3Cl-+5H++3H2O£®
£¨2£©Ì½¾¿ÊÊÒ˵ÄʵÑéÌõ¼þ
ÈçͼΪ²»Í¬µçÁ÷Ç¿¶ÈÏÂÍѵªµÄЧ¹û£¬×ۺϿ¼ÂÇÄܺÄÒòËØ£¬µçÁ÷Ç¿¶ÈӦѡÔñ10A£®
£¨3£©¸Ã¿ÎÌâ×é½øÒ»²½Ì½¾¿Íѵª¹ý³ÌÖеÄÇ¿Ñõ»¯ÐԵĻîÐÔÖмä²úÎÌá³öÁËÈçϼÙÉ裬ÇëÄãÍê³É¼ÙÉèÈý£º
¼ÙÉèÒ»£ºÖ»ÓЕOH£»
¼ÙÉè¶þ£ºÖ»ÓÐHClO£»
¼ÙÉèÈý£º¼ÈÓЕOHÓÖÓÐHClO£®
£¨4£©ÇëÄãÉè¼ÆʵÑé̽¾¿Íѵª¹ý³ÌÖÐÊÇ·ñÓЕOH²úÉú£¬Íê³ÉϱíÄÚÈÝ£®
ʵÑé·½°¸ | Ô¤ÆÚʵÑé½á¹ûºÍ½áÂÛ |
ÅäÖÆÒ»¶¨pH¡¢NH4+ºÍCl-Ũ¶ÈµÄÈÜÒº£¬ÓÃ×î¼ÑµçÁ÷Ç¿¶È£¬µç½âÑùÆ·90minºó£¬²ÉÓõç×Ó×ÔÐý¹²Õñ·¨¼ì²âÑùÆ·ÖЕOH |
Ñ¡Ïî | A | B | C | D |
×°Öà | Óлú²ãË®²ã | |||
Ä¿µÄ | Õô¸ÉNH4Cl±¥ºÍÈÜÒºÖƱ¸NH4Cl¾§Ìå | ·ÖÀëCCl4ÝÍÈ¡µâË®ºóÒÑ·Ö²ãµÄÓлú²ãºÍË®²ã | ÖÆÈ¡ÉÙÁ¿CO2ÆøÌå | ³ýÈ¥Cl2Öк¬ÓеÄÉÙÁ¿HCl |
A£® | A | B£® | B | C£® | C | D£® | D |