ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ

18£®ÏÖÓÐ0.1mol/LµÄAlCl3ÈÜÒººÍ0.1mol/LµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬½øÐÐÏÂÃæµÄʵÑ飮
£¨1£©ÔÚÊÔ¹ÜÖÐÈ¡AlCl3ÈÜÒº10mL£¬ÏòÆäÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº£¬Çë»­³ö²úÉú°×É«³ÁµíÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ËæNaOHÈÜÒº¼ÓÈëÁ¿±ä»¯µÄÇ÷ÊÆͼ£®
£¨2£©ÏòÊ¢ÓÐ10mLNaOHÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÖеÎÈëAlCl3ÈÜÒº£¬±ßµÎ¼Ó±ßÕðµ´£¬²úÉúµÄÏÖÏóÊÇÏÈÎÞ³Áµí£¬ºó²úÉú°×É«³Áµí£»µ±¼ÓÈë2.5ºÁÉýAlCl3ÈÜҺʱ¿ªÊ¼³öÏÖ³Áµí£»µ±¼ÓÈë$\frac{10}{3}$ºÁÉýAlCl3ÈÜҺʱ£¬²úÉúµÄ³ÁµíÁ¿×î¶à£®Ð´³öÉÏÊö¹ý³ÌÖÐËùÉæ¼°µ½µÄÏà¹ØÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽAl3++4OH-¨TAlO2-+2H2O£»Al3++3AlO2-+6H2O=4Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£®

·ÖÎö £¨1£©ÔÚÊÔ¹ÜÖÐÈ¡AlCl3ÈÜÒº10mL£¬ÏòÆäÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº£¬AlCl3ÖмÓÈëNaOHÏÈÉú³ÉAl£¨OH£©3£¬·¢Éú3NaOH+AlCl3=Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NaCl£¬µ±ÂÁÀë×ÓÍêȫת»¯ÎªAl£¨OH£©3ʱ³ÁµíÁ¿×î´ó£»¶øÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ¾ßÓÐÁ½ÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔ¼ÌÐø¼ÓNaOH£¬ÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÂÁ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNaAlO2£¬·¢ÉúAl£¨OH£©3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O£¬ÓÉ´ËÀ´×÷ͼ½â´ð£»
£¨2£©ÏòÊ¢ÓÐ10mL NaOHÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÖеÎÈëAlCl3ÈÜÒº£¬ÏÖÏóÊÇÏÈÎÞ³Áµí£¬ºó²úÉú°×É«³Áµí£¬·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌΪAl3++4OH-¨TAlO2-+2H2O£¬Al3++3AlO2-+6H2O=4Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£¬ÇÒÇ°Ò»²¿·ÖºÍºóÒ»²¿·ÖÏûºÄµÄAlCl3ÈÜÒºÌå»ý±ÈΪ3£º1£¬¾Ý´ËÀ´»Ø´ð£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©Èç¹ûÂÈ»¯ÂÁÊÇ1mol£¬ÓÉ·½³Ìʽ¿ÉÖª3NaOH+AlCl3=Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+3NaCl£¬³Áµí×î´óÁ¿Ê±ÏûºÄ3molµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬¶øÓÉ·½³ÌʽAl£¨OH£©3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O£¬³ÁµíÍêÈ«ÈܽâÐèÒª1molµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ËùÒÔͼÏóΪ£º£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏ·ÖÎöÏòÊ¢ÓÐ10mL NaOHÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÖеÎÈëAlCl3ÈÜÒº£¬Í¬Ê±²»Í£Ò¡¶¯ÊԹܣ¬³öÏÖµÄÏÖÏóÏÈÎÞ³Áµí£¬ºó²úÉú°×É«³Áµí£»¸ù¾ÝAl3++4OH-¨TAlO2-+2H2O·´Ó¦µ±¼ÓÈë AlCl3ÈÜҺΪ10ml¡Á$\frac{1}{4}$=2.5mlʱ¿ªÊ¼³öÏÖ³Áµí£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝAl3++3AlO2-+6H2O=4Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÈëAlCl3ÈÜҺΪ2.5ml¡Á$\frac{1}{3}$=$\frac{2.5}{3}$mlʱ³Áµí´ï×î´óÖµ£¬ËùÒÔµ±¼ÓÈëAlCl3ÈÜÒºµ½$\frac{2.5}{3}$+2.5=$\frac{10}{3}$mLʱ³Áµí×î´ó£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÏÈÎÞ³Áµí£¬ºó²úÉú°×É«³Áµí£»2.5£»$\frac{10}{3}$£»Al3++4OH-¨TAlO2-+2H2O£»Al3++3AlO2-+6H2O=4Al£¨OH£©3¡ý£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÂÁ¼°Æ仯ºÏÎïÐÔÖʵķÖÎöÅжϺͼÆËãÓ¦Ó㬲àÖØÓÚѧÉúµÄ·ÖÎöÄÜÁ¦ºÍ¼ÆËãÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬Îª¸ß¿¼³£¼ûÌâÐͺ͸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬Ã÷È·¼îµÄÁ¿µÄ¶àÉÙ¶Ô·´Ó¦µÄÓ°Ïì¼°·¢ÉúµÄ»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Êǽâ´ð±¾ÌâµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£®

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
9£®ëÂÊÇ»ð¼ý·¢Éä³£Óö¯Á¦²ÄÁÏ£¬Ä³Ñо¿ÐÔѧϰС×é¾Ý»¯¹¤Éú²úË®ºÏëµÄÔ­Àí£¬ÓÃÄòËغÍNaClOµÄ¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÔÚʵÑéÊÒÖƱ¸Ë®ºÏ룺£¨NH2£©2CO+NaOH+NaClO¨TNa2CO3+N3H4•H2O+NaCl
ÓйØË®ºÏëÂÐÅÏ¢ÈçÏ£ºÎÞÉ«ÒºÌ壬ÈÛµãСÓÚ-40¡æ£¬·Ðµã£º118¡æ£¨101kPa£©ÓëË®¡¢ÒÒ´¼»¥ÈÜ£»ÓÐÇ¿»¹Ô­ÐÔ¡¢Ç¿¼îÐÔºÍÇ¿¸¯Ê´ÐÔ£¬Äܸ¯Ê´Ï𽺡¢Æ¤¸ï¡¢Èíľ¡¢²£Á§µÈ£®
ÖƱ¸²½Ö裺
²½Öè1£ºÖƱ¸Cl2£¬ÓÃÖƵõÄCl2ÖÆNaClO£»
£¨1£©ÓÃͼ1ÔÚ³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÖÆÈ¡Cl2£¬Ð´³öÉú³ÉCl2µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º2MnO4-+16H++10Cl-=2Mn2++5Cl2¡ü+8H2O£»
£¨2£©½«ÖƵõÄCl2£¬Ö±½ÓͨÈëͼ2ÖƱ¸NaClO£»Çëд³ö´Ë²Ù×÷ÓÐÄÄЩ²»×ãÖ®´¦£¿Ã»ÓгýÈ¥ÂÈÆøÖлìÓеÄHCl£¬Ó°Ïì²úÆ·ÖÐNaClOº¬Á¿£»Ìá³öÄãµÄ½¨Ò飺¼ÓÒ»¸öÓÃÊ¢Óб¥ºÍÂÈ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÏ´ÆøÆ¿£»
²½Öè2£º½«ÖƵõÄNaClO¼îÐÔÈÜÒº£¬ÓÚͼ3×°ÖÃÖнøÐз´Ó¦ÖÆÈ¡N2H4•H2O£»
£¨3£©aÖÐӦװ£ºNaClO¼îÐÔÈÜÒº£»bÖÐӦװÄòËØ£»£¨ÌîÊÔ¼Á³É·Ý£©
·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖÐNaClO²»ÄܹýÁ¿µÄÀíÓÉ£ºN2H4•H2O+2NaClO=N2¡ü+3H2O+2NaCl£»£¨ÓÃÏà¹Ø·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ±íʾ£©
£¨4£©·´Ó¦ÈÝÆ÷bӦѡÓÃC£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©
A£®ÆÕͨ²£Á§B£®Ê¯Ó¢²£Á§C£®ÌúÖÊÈÝÆ÷D£®ÌÕ´ÉÈÝÆ÷
²½Öè3£º
£¨5£©µÃµ½µÄ·´Ó¦»ìºÏÎïÓ¦²ÉÓÃÕôÁó·½·¨½øÐзÖÀ룻ÓÐͬѧÌáÒéÖ±½ÓÓÃͼ3×°ÖýøÐвÙ×÷£¬Òª´ïµ½Ä¿µÄ»¹Ðè²¹³äµÄÒÇÆ÷ÓУºÅ£½Ç¹Ü¡¢×¶ÐÎÆ¿¡¢¾Æ¾«µÆ¡¢ÀäÄý¹ÜºÍζȼƣ®

Î¥·¨ºÍ²»Á¼ÐÅÏ¢¾Ù±¨µç»°£º027-86699610 ¾Ù±¨ÓÊÏ䣺58377363@163.com

¾«Ó¢¼Ò½ÌÍø