ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿¸ßÂÈËáï§(NH4ClO4)Ϊ°×É«¾§Ì壬¾ßÓв»Îȶ¨ÐÔ£¬ÔÚ400¡æʱ¿ªÊ¼·Ö½â²úÉú¶àÖÖÆøÌ壬³£ÓÃÓÚÉú²ú»ð¼ýÍƽø¼Á¡£Ä³»¯Ñ§ÐËȤС×éͬѧÀûÓÃÏÂÁÐ×°ÖöÔNH4ClO4µÄ·Ö½â²úÎï½øÐÐ̽¾¿¡£(¼ÙÉè×°ÖÃÄÚÊÔ¼Á¾ù×ãÁ¿£¬²¿·Ö¼Ð³Ö×°ÖÃÒÑÊ¡ÂÔ)¡£
£¨1£©ÔÚʵÑé¹ý³ÌÖз¢ÏÖCÖÐÍ·ÛÓɺìÉ«±äΪºÚÉ«£¬ËµÃ÷·Ö½â²úÎïÖÐÓÐ__(Ìѧʽ)¡£
£¨2£©ÊµÑéÍê±Ïºó£¬È¡DÖÐÓ²Öʲ£Á§¹ÜÖеĹÌÌåÎïÖÊÓÚÊÔ¹ÜÖУ¬µÎ¼ÓÕôÁóË®£¬²úÉúÄÜʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌ壬²úÉú¸ÃÆøÌåµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ__¡£
£¨3£©Í¨¹ýÉÏÊöʵÑéÏÖÏóµÄ·ÖÎö£¬Ä³Í¬Ñ§ÈÏΪ²úÎïÖл¹Ó¦ÓÐH2O£¬¿ÉÄÜÓÐCl2¡£¸ÃͬѧÈÏΪ¿ÉÄÜÓÐCl2´æÔÚµÄÀíÓÉÊÇ__¡£
£¨4£©ÎªÁËÖ¤Ã÷H2OºÍCl2µÄ´æÔÚ£¬Ñ¡ÔñÉÏÊö²¿·Ö×°ÖúÍÏÂÁÐÌṩµÄ×°ÖýøÐÐʵÑ飺
¢Ù°´ÆøÁ÷´Ó×óÖÁÓÒ£¬×°ÖõÄÁ¬½Ó˳ÐòΪA¡ú__¡ú__¡ú__¡£
¢ÚFÖз¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ__¡£
£¨5£©ÊµÑé½áÂÛ£ºNH4ClO4·Ö½âʱ²úÉúÁËÉÏÊö¼¸ÖÖÎïÖÊ£¬Ôò¸ßÂÈËá立ֽâµÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ___¡£
£¨6£©ÔÚʵÑé¹ý³ÌÖÐÒÇÆ÷EÖÐ×°Óмîʯ»ÒµÄÄ¿µÄ__£»ÊµÑé½áÊøºó£¬Ä³Í¬Ñ§Äâͨ¹ý³ÆÁ¿DÖÐþ·ÛÖÊÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯£¬¼ÆËã¸ßÂÈËá淋ķֽâÂÊ£¬»áÔì³É¼ÆËã½á¹û__(Ìî¡°Æ«´ó¡±¡°Æ«Ð¡¡±»ò¡°ÎÞ·¨Åжϡ±)¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿O2 Mg3N2+6H2O=3Mg(OH)2¡ý+2NH3¡ü O2ºÍN2¶¼ÊÇÑõ»¯²úÎ¸ù¾Ý»¯ºÏ¼Û±ä»¯¹æÂÉ£¬»¹Ó¦´æÔÚ»¹Ô²úÎ´Ó¶øÅжϳöÂÈÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬¿ÉÄÜÉú³ÉCl2 H G F Cl2+2OH-=Cl-+ClO-+H2O 2NH4ClO4N2¡ü+2O2¡ü+Cl2¡ü+4H2O ÎüÊÕ¿ÕÆøÖеÄCO2ºÍË®ŸAÆø Æ«´ó
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
£¨1£©NH4ClO4ÊÜÈÈ·Ö½â²úÉúµÄÆøÌ壬¾¼îʯ»Ò¸ÉÔïºó£¬ÄÜʹͷÛÓɺìÉ«±äΪºÚÉ«£¬ËµÃ÷Éú³ÉÁËCuO£¬ËùÒÔ·Ö½â²úÎïÖк¬ÓÐO2£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºO2£»
£¨2£©²úÉúµÄÄÜʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶É«µÄÆøÌåΪ°±Æø£¬·¢Éú·´Ó¦Îª£ºMg3N2+6H2O=3Mg(OH)2¡ý+2NH3¡ü£¬ËµÃ÷DÖйÌÌåΪMg3N2£¬¾Ý´Ë¿ÉÅжÏNH4ClO4ÊÜÈÈ·Ö½â²úÎïÖÐÓÐN2Éú³É£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMg3N2+6H2O=3Mg(OH)2¡ý+2NH3¡ü£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾Ý·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬NH4ClO4·Ö½â²úÎïÖк¬ÓÐO2ºÍN2£¬O2ºÍN2¶¼ÊÇÑõ»¯²úÎ¸ù¾ÝÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦¹æÂÉ£¬»¹Ó¦´æÔÚ»¹Ô²úÎ´Ó¶øÅжϳöÂÈÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬¿ÉÄÜÉú³ÉÂÈÆø£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºO2ºÍN2¶¼ÊÇÑõ»¯²úÎ¸ù¾ÝÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦¹æÂÉ£¬»¹Ó¦´æÔÚ»¹Ô²úÎ´Ó¶øÅжϳöÂÈÔªËصĻ¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬¿ÉÄÜÉú³ÉCl2£»
£¨4£©¢Ù¼ìÑéË®ÕôÆøºÍÂÈÆø£¬Ó¦¸ÃÏÈÓÃHÖеÄÎÞË®ÁòËáͼìÑéË®µÄ´æÔÚ£¬ÔÙÓÃä廯¼Ø¼ìÑéÂÈÆø£¬ÏÖÏóÊÇË®ÈÜÒº±äΪ³È»ÆÉ«£»ÎªÁË·ÀÖ¹¶àÓàµÄÂÈÆøÎÛȾ»·¾³£¬»¹ÐèҪʹÓÃβÆøÎüÊÕ×°Öã¬ËùÒÔ°´ÆøÁ÷´Ó×óÖÁÓÒ£¬×°ÖõÄÁ¬½Ó˳ÐòΪA¡úH¡úG¡úF£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºH£»G£»F£»
¢ÚFÖз¢Éú·´Ó¦ÊÇÂÈÆø±»ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºÎüÊÕÉú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄÆ¡¢´ÎÂÈËáÄƺÍË®£¬Æä·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£ºCl2+2OH=Cl+ClO+H2O£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCl2+2OH=Cl+ClO+H2O£»
£¨5£©NH4ClO4·Ö½âÉú³ÉµªÆø¡¢ÑõÆø¡¢ÂÈÆøºÍË®,½áºÏµç×ÓÊغ㡢Ô×ÓÊغãÅäƽ¿ÉµÃ£º2NH4ClO4N2¡ü+4H2O+Cl2¡ü+2O2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2NH4ClO4N2¡ü+4H2O+Cl2¡ü+2O2¡ü£»
£¨6£©ÔÚʵÑé¹ý³ÌÖÐÒÇÆ÷EÖÐ×°Óмîʯ»ÒµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÎüÊÕ¿ÕÆøÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®ÕôÆø£¬ÊµÑé½áÊøºó£¬Ä³Í¬Ñ§Äâͨ¹ý³ÆÁ¿DÖÐþ·ÛÖÊÁ¿µÄ±ä»¯£¬¼ÆËã¸ßÂÈËá淋ķֽâÂÊ£¬Ã¾·ÛÓë×°ÖÃÖеÄÑõÆø¡¢µªÆø·´Ó¦£¬Ôì³É²úÎïÖÊÁ¿Ôö´ó£¬»áÔì³É¼ÆËã½á¹ûÆ«´ó£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÎüÊÕ¿ÕÆøÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼ºÍË®ÕôÆø£»Æ«´ó¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿H2SÊÇʯÓÍ»¯¹¤ÐÐÒµ¹ã·º´æÔÚµÄÎÛȾÐÔÆøÌ壬µ«Í¬Ê±Ò²ÊÇÖØÒªµÄÇâÔ´ºÍÁòÔ´£¬¹¤ÒµÉÏ¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÈ¡¶àÖÖ·½Ê½´¦Àí¡£
¢ñ£®¸É·¨ÍÑÁò
£¨1£©ÒÑÖªH2SµÄȼÉÕÈÈΪakJmol-1 £¬SµÄȼÉÕÈÈΪbkJmol-1 £¬Ôò³£ÎÂÏ¿ÕÆøÖ±½ÓÑõ»¯ÍѳýH2SµÄ·´Ó¦£º2H2S(g)£«O2(g)=2S(s)£«2H2O(l) ¡÷H£½______kJmol-1 ¡£
£¨2£©³£ÓÃÍÑÁò¼ÁµÄÍÑÁòЧ¹û¼°·´Ó¦Ìõ¼þÈçÏÂ±í£¬×î¼ÑÍÑÁò¼ÁΪ_________¡£
ÍÑÁò¼Á | ³ö¿ÚÁò£¨mg¡¤m-3£© | ÍÑÁòζȣ¨¡æ£© | ²Ù×÷ѹÁ¦£¨MPa£© | ÔÙÉúÌõ¼þ |
Ò»Ñõ»¯Ì¼ | £¼1.33 | 300¡«400 | 0¡«3.0 | ÕôÆøÔÙÉú |
»îÐÔÌ¿ | £¼1.33 | ³£Î | 0¡«3.0 | ÕôÆøÔÙÉú |
Ñõ»¯Ð¿ | £¼1.33 | 350¡«400 | 0¡«5.0 | ²»ÔÙÉú |
ÃÌ¿ó | £¼3.99 | 400 | 0¡«2.0 | ²»ÔÙÉú |
¢ò£®ÈȷֽⷨÍÑÁò
ÔÚÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖУ¬³äÈëÒ»¶¨Á¿µÄH2SÆøÌ壬·¢ÉúÈȷֽⷴӦH2S(g)¿ØÖƲ»Í¬µÄζȺÍѹǿ½øÐÐʵÑ飬½á¹ûÈçͼ(a)¡£
£¨3£©Í¼(a)ÖÐѹǿ¹Øϵp1¡¢p2¡¢p3ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòΪ______£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦Îª____£¨Ìî¡°ÎüÈÈ¡±»ò¡°·ÅÈÈ¡±£©·´Ó¦£¬ÈôÒª½øÒ»²½Ìá¸ßH2SµÄƽºâת»¯ÂÊ£¬³ýÁ˸ıäζȺÍѹǿÍ⣬»¹¿ÉÒÔ²ÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©ÓÐ_______¡£
£¨4£©Ñ¹Ç¿Îªp¡¢Î¶ÈΪ975¡æʱ£¬µÄƽºâ³£ÊýK=0.04£¬ÔòÆðʼŨ¶Èc=______molL¡¥1£¬ÈôÏòÈÝÆ÷ÖÐÔÙ¼ÓÈë1molH2SÆøÌ壬ÏàͬζÈÏÂÔٴδﵽƽºâʱ£¬K_____0.04£¨Ìî¡°>¡±1 ¡°<¡±»ò¡°=¡±£©¡£
¢ó£®¼ä½Óµç½â·¨ÍÑÁò
¼ä½Óµç½â·¨ÊÇͨ¹ýFeCl3ÈÜÒºÎüÊÕ²¢Ñõ»¯H2SÆøÌ壬½«·´Ó¦ºóÈÜҺͨ¹ýµç½âÔÙÉú£¬ÊµÏÖÑ»·Ê¹Ó㬸÷¨´¦Àí¹ý³ÌÈçÏÂͼ(b)¡£
£¨5£©µç½â·´Ó¦Æ÷×Ü·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ________¡£
£¨6£©ÆøÒº±ÈΪÆøÌåÓëÒºÌåµÄÁ÷Ëٱȣ¬ÎüÊÕ·´Ó¦Æ÷ÄÚÒºÌåÁ÷Ëٹ̶¨¡£²â¶¨ÎüÊÕÆ÷ÖÐÏàͬʱ¼äÄÚ²»Í¬ÆøÒº±ÈÏÂH2SµÄÎüÊÕÂʺÍÎüÊÕËÙÂÊ£¬½á¹ûÈçͼ(c)Ëùʾ£¬Ëæ×ÅÆøÒº±È¼õС£¬H2SµÄÎüÊÕËÙÂÊÖð½¥½µµÍ£¬¶øÎüÊÕÂʳÊÉÏÉýÇ÷ÊƵÄÔÒòΪ____________¡£