题目内容

【题目】刘少奇在1956年的一次会议上说:国内的主要矛盾,已经是人民对于建立先进的工业国的要求同落后的农业国的现实之间的矛盾,是人民对于经济文化迅速发展的需要同当前经济文化不能满足人民需要的状况之间的矛盾。这次会议应该是

A.中共七届二中全会 B.中共八大

C.中共十一届三中全会 D.中共十四大

【答案】B

【解析】据材料1956年……国内的主要矛盾,已经是人民对于建立先进的工业国的要求同落后的农业国的现实之间的矛盾,是人民对于经济文化迅速发展的需要同当前经济文化不能满足人民需要的状况之间的矛盾。,结合所学知识可知,这反映了中共八大的会议内容,故B正确。中共七届二中全会是1949年召开,故A错误。中共十一届三中全会在1978年,故C错误。中共十四大在1992年,故D错误。

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【题目】阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一 孔丘所谓举贤才的目的,不过要使贤才有机会在原有的贵族内做家臣。孟轲要求使贤才居于掌握政权的地位。贤者自己一定要做卿相,实际掌握政权,照着自己的理想处理国家的政事(行道),国王不得干涉。……孟轲对齐宣王说所谓故国者,非有乔木之谓也,有世臣之谓也。”“国君进贤,如不得已,将使卑逾尊,疏逾戚,可不慎欤?对于新执政的贤才,孟轲也提醒他们说为政不难,不得罪于巨室。

——冯友兰《中国哲学史新编》

材料二 为什么要独尊一家呢?因为统一的帝国需要统一的思想,这是秦始皇就已经意识到的。而且,始皇的焚书,武帝的尊儒,动机和说法都一样天下大乱,皆因思想自由,言论不一。……儒学,为什么就合适做统治思想?因为儒家是维护君主制度的。……儒家则不同,道为王道,政为仁政,制为礼制,治为德治。也就是说,儒家维护君主制度是讲道理的,也有人情味。这样的统治,人民能够接受。人民能接受,政权就稳固。君主和人民都满意,就双赢。何况儒家学说有着深厚的根基,这就是小农经济、宗法社会和礼乐传统。

——《易中天中华史》第八卷《汉武的帝国》

(1)据材料一,指出孔丘的贤才与孟轲的贤才有何差异结合所学知识分析其原因。

(2)据材料二,分析西汉独尊儒术的原因,并指出有何影响。

(3)据材料一和材料二,简述儒家与政治的内在联系。

【题目】Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.

Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out, stay outside with them.When youre cold enough to go inside, they probably are too.If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.

If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter.They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere.Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality.Keep an eye on your pets water.Sometimes owners dont realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet cant get anything to drink.Animals that dont have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.

【1】What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?

A.They are often forgotten by their owners.

B.They are used to living outdoors.

C.They build their own shelter.

D.They like to stay in warm places.

【2】Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?

A.To know when to bring them inside.

B.To keep them from eating bad food.

C.To help them find shelter.

D.To keep them company.

【3】If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___.

A.run short of clean water

B.dig deep holes for fun

C.dirty the snow nearby

D.get lost in the wild

【4】What is the purpose of this text?

A.To solve a problem.

B.To give practical advice.

C.To tell an interesting story.

D.To present a research result.

【题目】宋代理学是传统儒学的新发展。阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 生活与观念

近岁士庶之家侈靡相尚,居第服玩,僭拟公侯……

——《宋会要辑稿》刑法二

自淳祐(南宋理宗年号)年来,衣冠更易。有一等晚年后生,不体旧规,裹奇巾异服,三五为群,斗美夸丽,殊令人厌见,非复旧时淳朴矣。

——《梦梁录》卷十八

材料二 理学家提出“理”作为宇宙万物的本,它以儒家的礼法、伦理思想为核心,吸收佛道思想中的精粹,形成了析理精微、论证明确的哲学体系,这是两汉的粗糙儒学所无法比拟的。理学家以儒家“圣人”为最高境界,充分肯定人的现实生活、道德精神的意义;它摒弃佛道所宣扬的彼岸世界,不相信灵魂不灭、轮回转世之说,而力求在现实世界中实现崇高的理想,所以它是一种理性主义的哲学。

——马克垚《世界文明史》

材料三 儒家学说创立后经历了长期的发展演变过程。

时代

人物

主要思想

战国

仁政学说,“民贵君轻”

荀子

董仲舒

“天人感应”学说

南宋

“宇宙之间一理而已”“其张之为三纲,其纪之为五常”

(1)分析说明材料一所反映的历史现象以及其与宋代理学兴起和发展之间的联系。

(2)据材料二,指出理学的积极作用。结合所学知识,简析儒学由“粗糙”趋向“精微”的原因。

(3)完善材料三的表格。

【题目】C

I went to Arizona earlier this month to see what the college of the future might look like. What I found is an exciting new era of higher education that will help more students get a great, personalized education at an affordable price.

This future may not always include the lecture halls, dormitories, and other features of the traditional college experience. Instead, the colleges I visited are experimenting with ways for students to get their degrees online, allowing them to take courses any place and at any time.

These colleges without walls,” as they are sometimes called, are at the forefront of the effort to broaden access to higher education, especially for low-income students with full-time jobs and families. During my visit, I heard encouraging stories of students who were taking advantage of these flexible learning models to pursue degrees that could put them on paths to new careers.

One of those students was Shawn Lee. He had a compelling story: After dropping out of college decades ago, he found himself in a series of low-paying, often back-breaking jobs. He recently decided to get his degree when he had his first child and wanted to start building a better life.

Tucked away in an industrial park in Tempe, Rio Salado didn’t look much like a traditional institute of higher education. There were no students running to class. Just a couple of glass-faced office buildings. The college had just 22 full-time faculty serving 60,000 students, with more than half of them attending classes online.

Several students I met during my visit said they liked learning online. “I’ve taken college classes in a big auditorium with herds of people. There was no personal connection,” one student said. “Now I can reach my teacher with the click of a mouse.”

After several days’ visit, I left Arizona feeling quite optimistic about what the future holds for higher education.

1What does “colleges without walls” in the third paragraph refer to?

A. Colleges that have no walls around.

B. Colleges that students attend online .

C. Colleges that can be entered freely.

D. Colleges that give students more freedom.

2 What made Shawn Lee return to attend college again ?

A. That he has nothing to do.

B. That he couldn’t find a job.

C. That the cost of the college is low.

D. That he wanted to find a better job.

3How did the writer feel after the visit ?

A. Hopeful. B. Dissatisfied.

C. Disappointed. D. Upset.

4What is the writer’s purpose by writing this passage?

A. To explain what “colleges without walls” are.

B. To advertise the colleges.

C. To encourage people to attend higher education.

D. To introduce a new model of education.

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