9、 

Falling and gravity

About 400 years ago, Caltleo

noticed that objects speed up,

or accelerate, as they fall.

 

He found that heavy and light

things, of the same shape and

size, take the same time to fall

to the ground. Gravity pulls

then-* down equally.

 

Try this for yourself with

different objects, like a slipper :

and a heavy boot.

 

Air resistance

Objects of different shapes and

sizes fall at different rates.  The

shape of a parachute makes

people fall more slowly.

 

 

The air pushing

against the parachute

causes a lot of air

resistance*. A person

without a parachute

falls faster because less

air pushes against

them.

The faster something falls, the

more air resistance there is on

it. Eventually, the air resistance

 slowing it down becomes as

strong as the pull of gravity.

Then its speed no longer

changes. This is called terminal

speed.

Free fall

If there were no air, there would be no air

resistance. All falling objects would just get

faster and faster < called is This rate. same the>

free fall.

67. Falling objects are pulled down to the ground by  

A. gravity                         B. resistance              C. speed                   D. acceleration(加速度) 

68. Why do people make parachutes(降落伞)? 

A. To look pretty and colourful in the air.            B. To slow down the falling speed. 

C. To push against the air in the sky.                  D. To accelerate the falling movement. 

69. Which did Galileo discover? 

A. A heavy ball falls faster than a light ball.          B. A light ball falls faster than a heavy ball. 

C. A light ball and a heavy ball fall at the same speed

D. A light ball and a heavy ball fall at different speed.

70. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Heavy and light objects fall equally when they are different in size.

B. When air resistance equals gravity, objects fall at terminal speed.

C. Without air; all falling objects get faster and faster at the same rate.

D. Slippers(拖鞋) and boots (靴子)fall at the same speed because they have the same shape 

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