60. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?

　A. Difficulties influenced his career.

　B. Specialists offered him medical advice.

　C. Training helped him defeat his disease.

　D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.

60. What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick? 　 A. Disapproving.　　 B. Respectful.　　　　 C.　 Admiring.　　　 D. Doubtful.

答案　 57.B　 58.C　 59.D　 60.A

Passage 2

(09·重庆B篇)

How to Be a Winner

　Sir Steven Redgrave

　Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals

　“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病). Believing my career(职业生涯) was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was to no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it -the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn’t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn't finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”

　Karen Pickering

　Swimming World Champion

　“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success-you can’t follow a career in any field without being well-organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.”

　Kirsten Best

　Poet & Writer

“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I can’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as ‘calm’, ‘peace’ or ‘focus’, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological(心理的) tool”

59. Why is Franklin described as　 “Dark Lady of DNA”? 　 A. She developed pictures in dark labs.

　 B. She discovered the　 black X-the shape of DNA.

　 C. Her name was forgotten after her death.

　 D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.

58. Watson was angry with Franklin because she 　　.

　 A. took the lead in the competition　　　　 B. kept her results from him

　 C. proved some of his findings wrong　　　 D. shared her data with other scientists

Passage 1

(09·浙江E篇)

Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much-a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.

　 Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors

　 At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.

　 But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.

What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”

As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson　 and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that　 “Franklin was only two steps away　 from the solution.”

　No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of　 DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the　 “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.

57. What is the text mainly about?

　 A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.

　 B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.

　 C. The process of discovering DNA.

　 D. The race between two teams of scientists.

19、(1)(简称)①青　　 ②　 藏　 ③　 川　

　 (2)东部GDP增大 、西部GDP减少， 东部人均GDP增大、西部人均GDP减少；　

　 (3)陇海线、兰新线　　 铁路；城市　 乌鲁木齐、兰、西安；国家　 哈萨克斯坦　

　 (4)选择青藏铁路的好处是：　 地形起伏小、地势平坦　

　 (5)A

19．我国西部大开发需要几代人持之以恒地进行不懈努力，既要有紧迫感，又要有长期奋斗的思想准备，请你运用有关的地理知识，读下图和表回答：(10分)

(1)根据图上的编号填出相应省级行政区的简称 ①　　　 　②　　　 　③　　　

(2)根据以上资料分析，在1978-1998年期间，东部和西部GDP(国内生产总值)占全国比重的变化是　　 ；东部和西部人均GDP的变化是　　　　　

(3)西部大开发重点是依托交通干线，发挥中心城市作用，以线串点。在开发西北地区时应以　　　　　 铁路干线为重点，该铁路干线将西部的几个省级行政区中心城市串起来，它们分别是：　　　　　　 。该线西段已与　　　　 (国家名称)中亚铁路接轨通达西欧，将成为西欧大西洋沿岸与东亚太平洋地区最近便的陆上通道。

(4)修建进藏铁路是国家实施西部大开发战略的一项重要举措，计划中铁路进藏有青藏、川藏等方案(如图所示)，经过多方面比较，最后确定青藏铁路方案。选择青藏铁路的好处是　　　　　　　　　　

(5)由于青藏高原海拔较高，在修建青藏铁路时将遇到的困难有(　　 )

A．缺氧、冻土　 　　　　　　　　　　　 B．太阳辐射弱、云雾多

C．气压高、土地盐碱化　　 　　　　 D．滑坡、地震

[能力训练答案]

1-5 A　 D　 C　 C　 C　 6-10 D　 C　 B　 A　 B　 11-15　 C　 A C D A　 16-18 D B C

“涩宁兰工程”是我国西部开发的重点项目。读下图，完成17-18题。

17．该工程中的涩北位于

A．四川盆地　　　　　　 B．柴达木盆地　 　　 C．吐鲁番盆地　　　　 D．准噶尔盆地

18．工程完工后，可以　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

　　　 A．缓解沿线地区的水资源紧缺状况

　　　 B．向沿线城市输送电力

　　　 C．实现部分城市能源替换和减轻大气污染

　　　 D．向涩北输送能源，促进西部开发

读我国“西气东输”主干管线工程示意图，完成13-16题：

13．“西气东输”管道线路的走向所考虑的主要经济因素是　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

　　　 A．地形类型　 　　　 B．人口分布　　 　　 C．城市分布　　 　　 D．交通线路

14．“西气东输”管道经过煤炭丰富的陕晋，其主要目的是　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

　　　 A．解决该地区供能不足的矛盾　　 　　　　 B．调整该地区产业结构

　 　　 C．该地区煤气产量大，气源多　　 　　　　 D．改善该地区城市大气质量

15．“西气东输”管道跨越黄河、长江各几次?　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

　 　　 A．3次、1次　　 　　 B．2次、1次　　 　　 C．2次、2次　　 　 D．1次、1次

16．有关西气东输工程的说法，不正确的是　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

　　　 A．能积极地推动新疆及沿线地区的经济发展

　 　　 B．加速改善东部地区的能源结构并促进产业结构的调整

　 　　 C．缓解东部地区能源紧张的矛盾　

　 　　 D．我国地势西高东低，沿管线各自然带大致呈垂直地带性分布

读下图，回答10-12题。

10．下列属于利用区内自然资源优势重点发展的产物为 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

①制茶业 ②石油化工业 ③绵纺织业 ④稀土冶炼业

　　　 A．①②　 　　　　　　　 B．②③　　　　　　　　　 C．③④　　　　　　　　　 D．①④

11．该区域在进一步开发利用中应　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

①在沿海各地围海造田 ②增加水稻种植面积 ③注重中低产田的改造 ④保护和恢复沿海湿地

　　　 A．①②　　　　　　　　　 B．②③　　　　　　　　　 C．③④ 　　　　　　　　 D．①④

12．从c城市乘火车至d城市需经过的铁路(走最近路线)有　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　 )

　　　 ①京沪线　　　 ②京哈线　　 ③京九线　 ④胶济线

　　　 A．①② 　　　　　　　　 B．②③ 　　　　　　　　 C．③④　　　　　　　　　 D．①④