这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如 come 与go 等。

例23．She was smiling but nodding at me.(NMET’2000)

　 上下文看，应为She---my English teacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but 应为and。

例24．Now someone at home reads instead. (NMET’99)

　 从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，someone 改为everyone或everybody.

例25．And they must not break the rules too often if we want to　 win the game.(NMET’98)通读全文，都是用第一人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为we.　　

[实战演练一]

⑴Most families in China hoped their single children will　　　　 76．_______

　have a happy future, so they are very strict in their children. 　77．_______

So do teachers in schools! Many children are given so much　　 　　78．_______

　homework that they have hardly any spare time have sports.　　 　79．_______

The children are forbidden to do anything but to study. No　　 　　80．_______

　wonder so many children are tired of lessons. Some even　　　　 　81．_______

　attack or kill his parents and teachers! I believe many people 　82．_______

　already read this kind of news in newspapers or magazines.　　　 　83．_______

Shouldn’t we draw lesson from the accidents? Now our　　　　　 　84．_______

government is making out a plan to solve the education problems　 .85．_______

⑵Nowadays, almost every family has TV set, and almost　　　　　 　76．_______

　everyone likes watching TV. TV has become part of our lives.　　 　77．_______

　TV has many advantages, for example, it informs us the　　　　 　78．_______

latest news which is happening in the world; it can open our　 　　79．_______

　eyes, enlarge our knowledge and also help us to see more　　　 　　80．_______

about the worlD． But, it also has some disadvantages. People　　 　81．______

waste too much time in watching TV and his normal life　　 　　　　82．_______

and work are affecteD． To the children who they spend too　 　　　83．_______

　much time in watching TV, it can do harmful to their sight　　 　　84．_______

　and healthy. So we should control the time of watching TV.　　　 　85．_______

⑶ A few months after returning the US from Germany, I took　　　 76._______

　part in a college course in French. Since I have learned　　　 　77._______

to say German well in Germany, I thought it might be　　　　　 　　78.______

interested to begin studying another language. At the　　　　　 　　79._______

first class, the teacher asked us to do a pronunciation　　　　　 　80._______

　exercise in it he would say a word or two in French, and　 　　　81._______

　each student would do their best to copy. When he got to　　　 　82._______

　me, he kept having me to say more words, and I　　　　　　　　　 83.______

　finally asked him why. “I find it great fun,” she explained　 　84._______

it. “In 25 years of teaching at school, it’s the first time　 　　85._______

　I’ve heard an American speak French with a German accent.”

⑷ The Huaihe River has been serious polluted. Day and nigh76._______ 　　 millions of tons of waste water is being poured down to from　　 　77._______ 　　　 hundreds of factories. The waste water is harmful. At 　present　　 78._______ 　　　there is no fish in it. The river water cannot be drunk. People in 79._______ 　　

　 　either bank have to dig wells to take drinking water. The　 Huaihe　 80. _______　　

River is such dirty and poisonous that people don’t dare swim　　　　　 81._______ 　　　in it. Something must be done to stopping the pollution. The　　 82._______ 　　　government and the people near the river must try to clear water　　 83._______ 　　

　 as soon as possible. Now special attention has paid to the　　　 　　84._______ 　　

　pollution by the government and more scientists. The pollution 85._______ 　　

will be prevented in the near future.　

　⑸ Dear Abby,

　 　How are you? Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tell you.　　　 　76._______

　I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my　　 77._______

further education. One hundred and twenty students took exam　 　　　78._______

for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. However,　　 79._______

my parents are not happy about it. They are strong against me　 　　　80._______

going there. They say it is too far away that they will not see me　 81._______

for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel lonely. They　　 82._______

can’t imagine a girl so young live alone. They advise me to study　 83._______

in the capital instead. Then I’ll be able to continue living with　 84._______

them. How can I persuade them to accept the fact I have grown up?　　 85._______　　　　 Best wishes,

　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Jane

　 ⑹ A person’s age no longer tells you something about　　 　　　76. ________　 his social position, marriage or healthy. There’s no longer,　 　　77. ________

a particular year which one goes to school or goes to　　　　　 　　　78. ________

work or gets married or start a family. The social clock　　　 　　　79. ________

that kept us on time and told us when go to school, get　　　　 　　　80. ________

a job, or stop working isn’t as strong as it was used to be.　 　　81. ________

It doesn’t surprise us to hear a 28-year-old university　　　　 　　82. ________

president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or 70-year-old　　　　 　　　83. ________

man who has become a father for the first time. What we　　　 　　　84. ________

all know, public’s ideas are changing nowadays.　　　　　　　　 　　85. ________

　⑺ It is difficult for parents to teach your children to be responsible 76.________

　(有责任的) for housework, but with one of the followed suggestions,　 77.________

　 you really can get your children help you at home. If you give your　 78.________

children the impression which they can never do anything quite right, 79.________

then they will regard themselves unfit or unable persons. Unless they 80.________

believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independence. 81.________

Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead. Talk about 　　　82.________

what they’ve done right, but about what they haven’t done. If your　 83.________

children complete a difficult task, reward (酬劳) him with a Sunday　 84.________

trip or a ball game of Dad.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　85.________

　 ⑻ Before I went to senior middle school, some peoples told　　　 76._______

me. “A life of senior middle school is unforgettable.”　　　　 　　77._______

While I first entered my senior middle school, everything　　　 　　　78._______

seemed unpleasant. Face all the strange things around me,　　　 　　　79._______

I often miss my old friends and classmates. I didn’t want　　　 　　80._______

　to talk others or make friends with others. Little by little, my　　 81._______

school record went from bad to worse, especially my　　　　　　 　　　　82._______

maths. I couldn’t even pass the exam. I lost the heart and　　 　　　　83._______

missed the happy times all day long. I told me, “I don’t　　　 　　　84._______

belong to it. I don’t like the life here.”　　　　　　　　　　 　　　85._______

　 ⑼ Tom and Dick are next door neighbour who work　　　　　　　　　 76.________

in the same office so they walked together to and from　　　　 　　　77.________

office. Some day as they were walking home together it　　　　 　　　78.________

　 sudden started to rain. Tom quickly opened his umbrella　　　　 　　79.________

and said, “My wife surely has foresight (预见) . She said　　　　 　80.________

on this morning it would rain and told me to carry my　　　　　　 　81.________

umbrella with me.” Dick smiled and walked to him, said,　　　　 　　82.________

　“My wife has even great foresight. She told me not to　　　　　 　　83.________

carry an umbrella and as she knew you would certainly　　　　 　　　84.________

have with you.”　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　85.________

　⑽　 Dear Sir or Madam,

I see your advertisement in a student magazine and　　　　　　 76. ______

I’m interesting to know more about your diving courses.　　　　 　　77. ______

First of all, I should explain that although I can swim I’m　　 　　78. ______

not very confident in the water. But you mentioned your　　　　 　　　79. ______

advertisement that your instructors are full qualified(称职),　 　　80. ______

so I believe they’ll able to teach someone like me to dive.　　 　　81. ______

I have one week’s holiday in the three week of June　　　　　 　　　82. ______

and would like to know that if there’s a course running at　　 　　83. ______

that time. How much does a week’s course worth? Finally,　　　 　　84. ______

if I decide to go ahead, are there any special equipment I　　 　　　85. ______

need to buy or is everything provided by your company?

I look forward to hearing from you.

　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Sincerely yours,

　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Tom

　⑾ Dear Xiaohua,

It is four days since Mother accepted the operation.　　 76._______

She is feeling much more better. The doctors told me　　 77._______

the operation was successful, but because her old age　　 78._______

she had to stay in hospital for other two weeks. The　　 79._______

doctors also say it was quite necessary for her to　　　 80._______

do so. We expect to get a full report in two and three　 81._______

days. Please tell the good news to the rest of family　　 82._______

as soon as possible. You needn’t to come here. I’m　　 83. _______

able to look after Mother by myself. You’d better　　　 84. _______

send flowers to Mother. She will feel happily.　　　　　 85. _______

　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours,

　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Xiaohui

⑿ Football is most popular game in England: one has only　　 76._______

to go to one of the important match to see this. Rich and　　 77._______

poor, young and old, one can see them all there, shout and　　 78._______

cheering for one side or the other. One of the surprised　　　 79._______

things about football in England to a stranger is the great　 80._______

knowledge of the game which still the smallest boy seems　　　 81._______

to have it. He can tell you the names of the players in most　 82._______

of the important team, he has photographs of them and　　　　 83._______

know the results of large numbers of matches. He will tell　　 84. _______

you his opinion which is usual as valuable as that of the adults. 85._______

　⒀　 Climbing is my favourite sport. I am very food it,　　　　 76. _______

especially in later autumn. One day early in the morning,　　　 77. _______

my friends and I put on our sports shoes and start off.　 　　　78. _______

After climbing for half an hour, we got at the top of　　　　　 79. _______

the mountain. There we had a good view miles around. In　　　　 80. _______

the north, a big river crossed the city. There were many　　　 81. _______

ships sail busily. A lot of beautiful trees were there, too.　 82. _______

The sun started to go down, for it was time for us　　　　　　 83. _______

to go back. On the road back, we were laughing and　　　　　　 84. _______

talking all the time. We had a good time on that day.　　　　　 85. _______

⒁ Before lunch Allen happened to see a man fished in　　　　　 76.______

a ditch about five metre outside a bar. Allen stopped　　　　　 77.______

regarded him like a foolish man. Allen’s heart went out　　　 79.______

of him. He said kindly to fish-catcher, “Hello, will　　　　　 80.______

you please do me a favor and have a drink with me　　　　　　　 81.______

in the bar?” The man gladly received his invitation.　　　　　 82.______

After buying the man several cups soft-drinks,　　　　　　　　 83.______

Allen asked, “You are fishing there, right? May I　　　　　　 84.______

know how much fish you have caught this morning?”　　　　　　 85.______

　“You are the number 8,” said the man humorously.　

⒂ What should you do when your parents become angry? If　　　 76.________

your parents got mad, try to have a conversation with them　　 77.________

about it. Remembering not to shout at them. They usually　　　 78.________

will try to change, but they will take some time because　　　 79._________

they get angry all their life, and that is all they know. You　 80._________

might have to change for your method a couple of times.　　　　 81._________

Do any nice things for your parents that they don’t expect　　 82._________

　-`like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean　 83._________

the floors. If this doesn’t work, bring in friend that you　　 84._________

feel comfortable, and have him or her help you.　　　　　　　　 　85._________

⒃　 In Feb. 2nd 1979, China’s Vice-premier　　　　 76．_______

Deng Xiaoping was at a visit to the U.S.　　　　　　 77．_______

He was in the space flight center near to Houston　 78．_______

Texas. Sat in the pilot’s seat of a model of　　　 79．_______

a space shuttle(航天飞机),he was

asked to touch a button　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 80．_______

to make it landing on the earth from　　　　　　　　 81．_______

a height of 95,000 feet, that he did. From　　　　　 82．_______

windows of the craft, he could see the earth　　　　 83．_______

coming up to meet him as a returned space pilot　　 84．_______

would see it. Millions of people in both China and

the US watch this on TV with delight.　　　　　　　 85．_______

[实战演练二]

A　　

We’ll never forget a day when my classmates and　　　　　　　　 1. ____

I paid a visit a chemistry factory. It　　　　　　　　　　　　 　2. ____

was a large one with nearly 20, 000 workers. It looks　　　　　 　3. ____

like a garden and we saw colorful flowers, grass and trees　　 　4. ____

there. We also visited some workshop and found workers　　　　 　5. ____

working hard. We talked to them and learned a lot of. We　　　 　6. ____

understood them further. On the way home we felt very tiring, 　7. ____

but we both thought we had a very good day.　　　　　　　　　 　8. ____

We really hoped what we could get more chances　　　　　　　　 　9. ____

of leaving the school and learn about society.　　　　 　　　　10. ____

B

The children next door often play the football in　　　　　　　 1. ____

the garden after my house and sometimes break my　　　　　　　 2. ____

windows. Last Saturday afternoon I stay at home and　　　　　　 3. ____

read a book. After a while, I closed my eyes and went　　　　　 4. ____

to sleep. A loud knock on the door made me to wake　　　　　　 5. ____

up suddenly. Soon a little boy turned out. “You haven’t　　　 6. ____

broken one of my window again?” I asked. “Oh, no!”　　　　 　7. ____

answered the boy. “Your windows were all opened this　　　　　 8. ____

time and our football is in your bedroom. Could you　　　　　　 9. ____

mind getting in to get our ball?” I was at a loss at the　　 10. ____

moment.

C

I ever worked as a tour guide. One day I saw advertisement　　 1. ____

on the newspaper. I rang up the company, and　　　　　　　　　 2. ____

I was given the job immediate. They asked me to take　　　　　 3. ____

a tour around the city the next morning. The manager　　　　　 4. ____

just told me to say anything that I could think about the　　　 5. ____

city. My first tour is terrible. The old bus was not　　　　　 6. ____

air-conditioned, because it was the middle of summer. It　　　 7. ____

was uncomfortable inside the bus. The tourist soon became　　　 8. ____

very hot and angry. I owned a very hard time. I stayed there　 9. ____

for a few weeks,and then left and joined in a better　　　　　 10. ____

company.

D

Sue and Ann often meet at a cheaper restaurant to eat　　　　　 1. ____

and talking about life and school after their morning　　　　　 2. ____

class. Sometimes, instead of talking ,they play a　　　　　　　 3. ____

game that they call it “people watching”. They start the　　 4. ____

game in observing and listening to people around　　　 　　　　5. ____

them carefully and make guesses about their lives as　　　　　 6. ____

ages, jobs, likes, dislikes and so on. Of course,　　　　　　　 7. ____

they never really knew whether they are right or wrong.　　　　 8. ____

Therefore they usually have good reasons for thinking　　　　　 9. ____

that what they are. “The game is fun,” they often say.　　　 10. ____

E

At a party, it is quite normal of someone to have　　　　　　　 1. ____

a short conversation with you and then go on to talking　　　　 2. ____

to other people! Don’t think they dislike you or they　　　　 3. ____

are impolite. It has the custom at many parties　　　　　　　　 4. ____

in Britain, particularly there people are standing up rather　 5. ____

than sitting down. Here are two ways of finishing conversation 6. ____

at a party. “Excuse me. I think I’ll go and get another drinking.7. ____

See you later, perhaps?” “Oh. Excuse me. I’ve just seen　　 8. ____

Mary Jennings over here. I’ve got to discuss a meeting we　　 9. ____

are been having on Thursday. Would you excuse me for a moment?”” 10. ____

F

I felt sadly yesterday when our teacher told us something　　　 1. ____

about Project Hope in class. It has set up to help the　　　　 2. ____

children in the countryside who can’t pay to go to　　 　　　　　3. ____

school. After school I came home. I was wondering if I　　　　 4. ____

could do something for the Project then I caught sight　　　　 5. ____

of money-collecting box on the table. Then I made　　　　　　　 6. ____

up my minds to send my pocket money which I　　　　　　　　　　 7. ____

had saved for nearly one year for the children who　　　　　　 8. ____

wanted to go to school. I wrote a letter to them and　　　　　 9. ____

hurried to the post office. Together with the letter I

posted the money and sent with my best wishes to them.　　　　 10. ____

G

Last night when Steven and I was having a walk in the　　　　　 1. ____

Street, we suddenly heard a painful cry for help under　　　　 2. ____

a tree nearby. We quickly ran to the tree and found a boy laying 3. ____

on the ground with a stick in his leg. He had fallen of the tree. 4. ____

Steven suggested we pulled the stick out at once, but I disagreed, 5. ____

Because I had learned little about first aid at school. The stick 6. ____

in the leg would help controlling the bleeding. As there was　 7 . ____

no telephone,we managed to find a taxi. We took the boy to the 8. ____

hospital. The doctors examined the boy fast and we got to　　　 9. ____

know where the boy lived. So we telephoned his parents

and left after he came to the hospital. We did a good deed.　　 10. ____

H

Last summer I learnt to ride a bicycle. At first?,I was　　　　 1. ____

unable to control its direction. Sometimes I fall to　　　　　 2. ____

the right or to the left. But I worried my father to tell me　 3. ____

how I could ride straightly. He didn’t answer me　　　　　　　 4. ____

directly. Instead,he took me to side of the street.　　　　　　 5. ____

　“Can you find some bike track that is really straight?”　　 6. ____

asked my father. I watched more carefully and shook my　　　　 7. ____

head .“No?” he said, “in factneither of the tracks is　　　 8. ____

always straight. But just by correct the direction　　　　　　 9. ____

every now and then, you had already gone forward.”　 　　　　　10. ____

I

Boys and girls,

Attention, please. I’ve got a good news for you. A new book　　 1. ____

How to Improve Your English is now on sell in the 　　　　　　 2. ____

nearby bookstore. Xinhua Bookstore. I think the book　　　　　 　3. ____

is a great help on our English study and suitable for　　　　　 4. ____

us middle school students. Here I’ve got it. You may　　　　　 5 . ____

go to have a look to see whether you like it or not. The price 　6. ____

is five yuan every. Those who want to buy the 　　　　　　　　 7. ____

book should get your money ready for. By eleven o’clock　　　　 8. ____

tomorrow morning the money should be give either　　　　　　　 　9. ____

to me nor to our League Secretary. We’ll go to buy the　　　 10. ____

books tomorrow afternoon.

　短文改错专题之答案

1. 76. hoped→hope 77. in→with 78. do→are 79. have前加to 80.

去掉第二个to 81. √ 82. his→their 83. already前加have 84. lesson前加a

例19． I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. (NMET’2000) 后　

　 跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.

例20．I look forward to hear from you soon. (NMET’97)　

　 look forward to 中to 是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。

例21．But it didn’t matter that I would win or not. (NMET’2000)

　 与其后or not 保持一致时应用whether。

例22．I have neither brothers nor sisters---in any other words, I am an only child.(NMET2001)

　 in any other words意为“换言之”，应为in other words。

例18．Books may be keep for four weeks. (NEMT’94)

　 与其主语Books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。

例15．The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.　

　 (NEMT’96) The Smiths 为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数 their.

例16．I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (NMET’97)

　 此处应为作主语的关系代词which.

例17． And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I. (NMET’95)

　 此处I 应作介词的宾语，故改为me 才可保持一致。

　 除了例9，例10外，还有

例11．…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(NMET2001)

　 all 若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。

例12．She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me

　 success.(NMET2000)　 all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolmate 应为schoolmates.

例13．Unfortunate, there are too many people…(NMET’99)　　

Unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately 才可保持一致。

例14．I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(NMET’95) 修饰名词，应为a wonderful time.

例9．We study quite a few subject, such as maths,　

　 Chinese…(NMET’97) quite a few只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject 应改为subjects.

例10．They … asked me lots of question.(NMET’96)与lots of 保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.

not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…以及and, but, or 等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。

例7．Playing football not only makes… but also give us a sense　 of fair play and team spirit.( NMET’98)依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文 makes保持一致，改为gives.　　　

　例8．It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station　and drove me to their home. (NMET’96) 此句中的drove应与前文to meet 保持平行，故改为drive。

例4．Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.　　　

(NMET’2000)　 主语为A and B时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。

例5．The new boy or girl in school quickly become one of the　class after a few games.(NMET’93)主语为A or B时，应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数，become应改为becomes .

例6．Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong…　 (NMET’98)　 此处与例4，例5不同，谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改Playing 才可与此处其它部分一致。

例1．　　　　 My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. (NMET’98)全文都是一般现在时，此句中was 虽然与上下问不一致，应改为am。

例2．　　　　 I remembered her words and calm down.( NMET’ 2000)　

此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文remembered 保持一致，须改为calmed。

例3．　　　　 Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. (NMET’ 93)第一个is 与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为was, 使之与其时间状语in the past 一致。

(四)[实验过程以及结论分析]：(请填写空格①和②)

实验操作	预期现象与结论
步骤1：用滴管取一定量3mol·L-1H2SO4于试管中，加热煮沸数分钟除去溶于其中的氧气
步骤2：用药匙取少量样品于试管中，用滴管加入适量除去氧气的3mol·L-1H2SO4并加热，充分反应得A溶液	固体溶解，溶液颜色有变化
步骤3：取少许A溶液于试管中，滴加1-2滴20%KSCN溶液，振荡	①
步骤4：另取少许A溶液于试管中，滴加1-2滴0.2mol·L-1KMnO4溶液，振荡	②