专题训练(二)巧用派生词，做好完形填空
技巧点拨： 动词前后、形容词前后可有副词，这时，如果所给词为形容词，则需将其变为副词。如果所给词为名词或动词，可先将其变为形容词，再加后缀-ly。另外，在答题时还要考虑副词级的变化。名词前面一般可有形容词修饰语,连系动词后接形容词作表语。如果所需词为形容词时,还要考虑形容词级的变化。如：
(1)The little girl is extremely (extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.
(2)Your composition is badly (bad)organized. Please do your writing exercise more attentively (attend)next time.
(3)What，s the longest (length)river in the world?
(4)The stronger (strength)we become, the more modest we should be.
(5)He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher (height).
常用形容词、副词后缀
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形容词+?ly-副词 |
careful |
carefully |
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名词+?ful-形容词 |
hope |
hopeful |
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名词+?y-形容词 |
luck |
lucky |
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名词+?ous-形容词 |
mountain |
mountainous |
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名词+?al/ial-形容词 |
emotion |
emotional |
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动词+?able/(s)ible -形容词 |
forgettable |
forget |
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access |
accessile |
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动词+?tive-形容词 |
attract |
attractive |
◆活学活用
(一)、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
It was a(1)_________(snow)winter Sunday. Jane sat in her (2) _________ (gloom) room, staring at the telephone (3)________ (sad), waiting(4)_______ (eager)for a phonecall her uncle pomised her if he could manage to find her a job. It was almost 11 o，clock, but the phone still remained(5)__________(silence).She once told herself that her uncle could do nothing to help her and she thought she had some(6)__________(predict)power about such kind of things. However, she still felt it(7)__________(bear)when she assumed her prediction came true, so she couldn，t help weeping. Just then, the telephone rang. It was her uncle, telling her the manager of his company agreed to give her a chance because he thought Jane was a(8)__________(compete)girl to do the work well. Imagine how happy Jane was at the good news.
答案: (1)snowy (2)gloomy (3)sadly (4)eagerly (5)silent
(6)predictive (7)unbearable (8)competitive
(二)、语法填空
在下文空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，说出第7、8、9题的解题思路。
(2008年广东)Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people，s daily life. 1 these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb,“plucking up a crop 2 (help)it grow”,is based on the following story.
It is said that a short?tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to help 3 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 4 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
One day, he came up with an idea 5 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired 6 doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 7 (high).His son heard about this and went to see the crop. 8 (fortune)the leaves of the crop began to wither.
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 9 (nature)course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 10 (result)in the contrary to our intention.
53.(10分) 图示绿色植物体内能量转换过程示意图，请据图回答：
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(1)写出图中数字所示的化合物。① 、② 、③ 、④ 。
(2)图中A表示的过程为________________，图中B表示的过程为__________________，B过程发生的场所是_____________________。
(3)图中C表示的过程为__________________，该过程的产物CO2是在第________阶段形成的，产物水是在第___________阶段形成的。
54．(10分)绿色植物光合作用的影响因素是多方面的，其外界因素有光照强度、CO2的含量，温度等；其内部因素有酶的活性、色素的数量、
五碳化合物的含量等。请根据图A影响光合作
用的因素分析：
(1) 如果横坐标代表光照强度，其影响光
合速率主要是影响光合作用的 阶段，
此时内部限制性因素最可能是 。
若阴生植物的光合作用曲线为c，则阳生植物的光合作用曲线最可能是 。
(2)如果横坐标代表温度，温度主要通过影响 来影响光合速率。
(3)如果横坐标代表CO2的含量，其影响光合作用主要是影响 的产生，此时内部限制性因素最可能是 。
(4)将一株植物置于密闭的容器中，用红外线测量仪，测量时间均为1小时。测定时的条件和结果如表(数据均在标准状况下测得，单位：ml)
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在充分光照下 |
暗处 |
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15℃ |
25℃ |
15℃ |
25℃ |
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CO2减少量 |
22.4 |
56.0 |
-- |
-- |
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CO2增加量 |
-- |
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11.2 |
22.4 |
①在15℃条件下，这株植物在充分光照下1小时积累的有机物都是葡萄糖，则积累葡萄
糖 mg
② 如果光照时的温度为25℃，光照时间10小时，黑暗下温度为15℃，则一昼夜积累葡萄糖 ﹍﹍mg。
51．(10分)下图是动物细胞结构示意图，请据图回答：
([ ]内填数字，横线上填名称)
(1)若这是一个心肌细胞，则细胞中的细胞器[ ]
较多，这是与它不停的节律性的搏动是相适应的。
(2)若这是一个蚕丝腺细胞，在一定时间内，让该细胞吸
收放射性同位素标记的氨基酸，那么放射性同位素将依次
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出现在
图中的哪些部位？[ ]
、[ ]
、
[ ] 。
(3)细菌细胞与该图所示的细胞比较，其主要区别是
(4)与该图所示的细胞有丝分裂有关的细胞器有[ ]
[ ] 、[ ] 等
(5) 甲状腺细胞中碘的浓度远比血浆中高，这说明甲状腺细胞吸收碘是通过________________的方式。决定甲状腺细胞具有这功能特点的是结构[ ]________________。
农科所技术员研究温度对某蔬菜新品种产量的影响，将实验结果绘制成如下曲线。据此提出以下结论，你认为合理的是