,则
; C
Today’s career assumption is that you can get a lot of development, challenge and job satisfaction and not necessarily be in a management role.
Managing others is always a tough task, but in the past that stress was balanced by hopes for career mobility and financial rewards. Along with a sizable pay raise, people chosen as managers would begin a nearly automatic climb up the career ladder to successful executive private benefits: company cars, club memberships, plus the key to the executive washroom.
But in today’s global and more competitive showground, a manager sits in an insecure (不稳定的)chair. More companies has begun to take less management as they come to view their organizations as collections of talents rather than hierarchies (等级). There are far fewer steps for managers to climb. Also, managerial jobs demand more hours and headaches than ever before but offer slim, if any financial paybacks and perks.
Now managers must manage many people who are spread over different locations, even over different continents. They must manage across functions with, say, design, finance and marketing.
In many companies, when the most praised people in business are those launching something new, management seems like an invisible, thankless role. Employers are looking for people who can do things, not for people who make other people do things.
Moreover it may not pay to be a manager, at least not the way it once did. Ms. Chmielewski says, “The emotional rewards can be great, and there were times when I enjoyed management. But a 10-to-11-hour day and one weekend day a month is the norm (标准)”.
With more people cautious of joining management, are companies being hurt or worrying about developing future leaders? Not many are. While employers have fired a lot of managers, they believe many more candidates linger on at many companies. “Another reason why companies aren’t short of managers,” argues Robert Kelley, a business professor, “is that so many workers today are self-managed, either individually or via teams, they don’t need a manager.”
72. By writing the passage, the writer seems to _____.
A. explain reasons for firing managers
B. advise people not to become managers
C. express dissatisfaction of some managers
D. encourage managers to be more competitive
73. Compared with past, the managing job today is more _____.
A. demanding B. rewarding
C. questionable D. acceptable
74. The author mentions what Ms Chmielewski says to reflect that _____.
A. the managers’ low working efficiency makes them less paid
B. the gain of being a manager is not as satisfactory as before
C. she enjoys great emotional rewards of being a manager now
D. she misses the past enjoyment of being a manager
75. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. More and more people are eager to become managers.
B. There will be more managers to be employed in the future.
C. Employers think it easy for them to find managers in the future.
D. Teamwork makes it possible for companies not to hire more managers.
Section C
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
|
A.
Take your vitamins. B. Remember to brush before bed. C. Wash your hair now and then. D. Get your protein. E. Walk it off. F. Eat good fats. |
It is very important to keep your hair healthy. Here are five ways for you.
76. _____ Good fats are also called necessary fatty acids which the body can’t produce naturally. Eating these types of fats will help promote healthy skin, nails, teeth and hair. They can be found in the form of oil, or in food such as seeds, nuts and olives.
77. _____ Hair is nothing more than dead protein. But that doesn’t mean that it is not important. A lack of it can cause slow growth and thinning, where on the contrary, getting enough amounts can help promotes growth. Good choices to include in the diet would be eggs, lean meats, tofu, fish, yogurt and beans.
78. _____ There are a handful of vitamins that have been known to be effective for healthy hair. Some of the main ones include vitamin B, biotin, calcium, vitamins A, C and E, and iron. Other than in extra form, these nutrients can also be found naturally in citrus (柑橘类) fruits, peppers, low-fat dairy products, dried fruits, green vegetables and whole grains. A large salad can be made with the inclusion of a lot of these food.
79. _____ Getting enough exercise can help promote hair growth. Circulation to the scalp is a very important factor for healthy hair and growth. Aim to get at least 20 to 30 minutes of exercise every day. It can be walking, jogging, weight training, biking or moderate intensity activity that is enjoyable and easy to fit into your schedule.
80. _____ Right after you brush your teeth, brush your hair as well. Brushing hair fifty to one hundred strokes right before bed can help remove pollutants and dirt while also stimulating circulation. Also, natural oils are released, which will add more sheen (光泽) and oxygen to your hair.
Section D
Direction: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest words.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
Every day we meet people in a number of business and social situations. And the way we meet and greet them creates an impression. It’s important to do so in proper way, no matter whether you are introducing yourself to someone, or introducing two people to each other. To keep you aware of this, we have gathered tips on how to make a proper introduction.
² Always stand when making an introduction.
When you are seated and someone comes up to greet you, make the effort to stand up. By doing this, you show respect for yourself and for the other person.
² Always maintain eye contact while making an introduction.
Many people are not aware of the value of this simple action. When you make eye contact you are giving a confident image.
² Always introduce a person of lesser authority to one of greater authority.
The most important thing to remember is to say the most important person’s name first. For example, when introducing you supervisor to a job candidate, you would give your supervisor’s name first. “Bob Jones, may I introduce Susan Lee, who has just graduated from ABC University?”
² In a situation where rank is unimportant, an introduction is based on sex and age.
A man is presented to a woman and a younger woman to an older woman. What if you find yourself in a situation where you have forgotten the other person’s name? Start with a handshake and reintroduce yourself. By doing this, you will usually cause the other person to do the same.
However, if the other person does not take your suggestion, it is OK simply to apologize and let the person know that you can’t remember her or his name. This is not the ideal situation, of course, but it doesn’t happen to all of us. The other person should be forgiving.
81. When you are sitting and a person comes to you, hoping to talk to you, you should ___________________________________.
82. Why does a person need to maintain eye contact while making a conversation?
_____________________________________________________________
83. Who should you introduce first, your grandfather or your classmate?
_____________________________________________________________
84. If you forget a person’s name, you’d better _____________________________________________________________.
第II卷