4. to be honest = to tell (you) the truth = honestly speaking老实说；说实话
[典例]
1). To be honest, I have no time to do it. 老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。
2). To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话, 我认为我们没有获胜的可能.
[短语归纳] 英语中表示“……说”的短语：
generally speaking一般来说 exactly speaking确切地说 to be frank = frankly speaking坦率地说
in general一般地来说 in other words换句话说 or rather更确切地说
to sum up概括地说 that is 也就是说
[练习] 用表示“……说”的短语填空。
1). ________, women live longer than men.
2). He got home late last night, _______ early this morning.
3). ________, I don’ t enjoy the performance.
Keys: 1). Generally speaking 2). or rather 3). To be frank/honest
3. by accident = by chance 偶然；无意中
1). Last time I ran across her in the street by accident. 上次我偶然在街上碰见她。
2). I only found it by accident. 我只是碰巧找到的。
[短语归纳] by + n. 短语：
by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力 by machine 用机器
[练习] 用by + n. 构成的词组填空。
1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella ________.
2). These toys are made ______ instead of ______, so they are very expensive.
3). She had found the file ______.
Keys: 1). by accident/chance 2). by hand; by machine 3). by accident
2. go ahead 执行，进行，前进，(于祈使句)可以，往下说，用吧，开始吧
1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead. 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。
2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。
[短语归纳]
(be) ahead of 在之前；领先于；胜过 ahead of time / in advance 提前
[练习] 用ahead短语填空。
1). After a pause, he ______ _______ with his speech.
2). The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______.
3). _______ _______ _______ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left.
4). -- Could I use your bike?
-- _______ _______.
Keys: 1). went ahead/on 2). ahead of time 3). Go straight ahead 4). Go ahead
1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物
1). She brought up five children. 她养育了五个孩子。
2). Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生後不久
父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。
[重点用法]
bring sb. up to be/as 培养某人成为 bring sb. up to do sth. 培养某人要……
[练习] 用bring的短语填空。
1). He was ______ ______ ______ ______ authority (从小就受到尊敬师长的教育).
2). He ______ ______ a good suggestion at the meeting.
3). She was so sick that she ______ ______ all that she had had.
Keys: 1). brought up to respect 2). brought up / put forward 3). brought up
8. bow [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 [bəu] n.[c] 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬
1). We all bowed to the Queen. 我们都向女王鞠躬致敬。
2). His back was bowed with age. 他因年老而驼背。
bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向……低头；接受某事
[练习] 用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The boss ______ ______ the demands of the workers.
2). The cast ______ as the audience applauded.
Keys: 1). bowed to 2). bowed
7. amount n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近
1). Can you really afford this amount? 你真付得起这个总数吗?
2). The cost amounted to 250. 费用共达250英镑。
a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数)
in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大(少)量地 amount to... 共达……，合计……
[练习] 用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。
1). Duting the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time.
2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple.
3). At that time, mall amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals.
4). Food was provided _______ _______ _______ (供应多少不等).
5). The total cost of repairs _______ _______ (供应多少不等) US$100.
Keys: 1). was done 2). were spent 3). were used 4). in different amounts 5). amounted to
6. seek vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻求
1). You must seek permission from the manager. 你需请求经理批准。
2). The explanation is not far to seek. 这种解释不难理解。
3). They are seeking to mislead us. 他们竭力误导我们。
seek (for/after) sth./sb. 寻找某人/某物 seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). I think it’ s time we ________ (seek) legal advice.
2). They are seeking ________ (change) the rules.
Keys: 1). sought 2). to change
5. account n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt. 认为；说明；解释总；计有
1). I’ m going to the bank to open a new account. 我去银行开个新账户。
2). Bad weather accounted for the long delay. 长期的延缓是因为坏天气。
account for导致；做出解释；总计有 on account of = because of 因为 open an account在银行开个户头
keep an account of记录，记载 take sth. into account/consideration考虑到某事
[练习] 用account的短语填空。
1). The League members in our school ______ ______ half of the students.
2). He doesn’ t drink alcohol _______ _______ his health.
3). She couldn’ t _______ _______ her foolish mistake.
Keys: 1). account for 2). on account of 3). account for
4. passage n. 通道；(书、讲话、音乐等的)一段，一节；经过，通过，消逝；旅费
1). They were denied passage through the occupied territory. 他们被禁止穿越占领区。
2). He worked his passage to Australia. 他在去澳大利亚旅行的船上做工偿付船费。
with the passage of time 随着时间的推移
[练习] 按要求翻译或填空。
1). Her confidence grew. _______ _______ (随着时间的推移) that we were late.
2). Several passages _______ (介词) the book were printed in a national newspaper before it was published.
Keys: 1). with the passage of time 2). from
3. spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点 spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的
1). She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots 她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。
3). This is the very spot where he was murdered. 他就是在这儿遭谋杀的。
spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 on the spot = on the scene到(在)现场；当场
[练习] 用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car.
2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call.
3). He keeps his house _______.
Keys: 1). spotted 2). on the spot 3). spotless