3．T______ this sentence into the passive.
2．The airplane’s _______ (目的地) is Pairs.
1．Her ______(同伴) share her interest in computers.
(三)宾语的种类
(1)直接宾语
直接宾语表示动作的承受者或结果，通常指物。
Lend me your dictionary, please.请把你的字典借给我。
Excuse me, please. Could you tell me the way to the railway station?
对不起，请问到火车站怎么走？
(2)间接宾语
间接宾语表示动作所向的或所为的人或物，通常指人。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前，也可位于直接宾语之后，但此时在它的前面须加介词to。
The company sent us a few computers last year.公司去掉给我们送了几台计算机。
He sent a birthday gift to me yesterday.昨天他送给我一份生日礼物。
(3)复合宾语
有些动词除了跟有宾语外，还需要一个词来说明宾语的身份或状态，以补充其意义的不足，这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足语。宾语与宾语补足语一起就叫做复合宾语，它们在逻辑上有主谓关系。如果直接宾语是不定式、动名词或从句，常用it作形式宾语。
They elected him their monitor.他们选他当班长。(代词+名词)
I found the baby always happy.我发现这个婴儿总是很愉快的。(名词+形容词)
The next day he found himself in the hospital when he waked.
当他第二天醒来时发现自己在医院里。(代词+介词短语)
I often ask him to help me with my English.我经常请他帮助我学英语。
(代词+动词不定式)
I find it easy to answer this question.我发现回答这个问题是容易的。
(it作形式宾语)
(4)介词宾语
位于介词后面的宾语称做介词宾语。
In our school about three?fourths of the students are from the north.
我们学校3/4的学生来自北方。
[考点透视 考例精析]
[考例1] It is reported that the United States uses _______ energy as the whole of Europe.
A．as twice B．twice much C．twice much as D．twice as much
[解析] D 本题考查倍数表达法。考比较等级及修饰语，表分数、倍数、百分数的修饰语一般应放在比较等级的前面。详见前面解释。
[考例2] You were silly not _______ your car.
A．to lock B．to have locked C．locking D．having locked
[解析] D 考非谓语动词，由句意可知lock your car的动作应该业已完成，故选择D项。
[考例3] It was a pity that the great writer died ________ his works unfinished.
A．for B．with C．from D．of
[解析] B 考查with的复合结构。with+名词+过去分词通常在句中作伴随状语。
[考例4] Don’t be discouraged. ______ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
A．Taking B．To take C．Take D．Taken
[解析] C 祈使句+and+将来时态的句子＝if条件句+将来时态的句子。
[考例5] Before building a house, you will have to ______ the government’s permission.
A．get from B． follow C．receive D．ask for
[解析] D ask for permission是固定词组，意为“征求许可；征得同意。”
[基础演练]
(二)宾语的表现形式
(1)名词
They went to see an exhibition yesterday.他们昨天去看了展览。
He is going to buy a dictionary.他打算买本字典。
(2)代词
The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
那场大雨使我未能准时到校上学。
We should learn from him.我们应该向他学习。
(3)数词
-How many dictionaries do you have?你有几本字典？
-I have five.我有5本。
(4)名词化的形容词或分词
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.他们昨天帮助老年人做家务。
We should take the wounded to the hospital immediately.
我们应该立刻把伤员送进医院。
(5)不定式(短语)
He pretended not to see me.他假装没有看见我。
She didn?t know what to do next.她不知道下一步做什么。
(6)动名词(短语)
I enjoy listening to popular music.我喜欢听游行音乐。
He practises speaking English every day.他每天练习讲英语。
(7)从句
I think (that) he is fit for his office.我认为他称职。
He asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class.他问我班上谁的发音最好。
(一)宾语的定义
宾语表示动作的对象或行为的承受者，用在及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词之后。可以作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、名词化的形容词、?ing分词短语、从句等。
2．宾语
1．表语
(一)表语的定义
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。
(二)表语的表现形式
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不式式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
Our teacher of English is an American.我们的英语老师是美国人。
He is an astronaut.他是一位宇航员。
Is this yours?这是你的吗？
That’s all I want to tell you.我要告诉你的就是这些。
(3)形容词
The weather has turned cold.天气变冷了。
Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.桂林是我到过的最美丽的城市。
(4)分词
The speech is exciting.这演讲激动人心。
The teacher was pleased with my spoken English.老师对我的英语口语很满意。
(5)数词
Three times seven is twenty?one.3乘7等于21。
He is always the first to enter the office.他总是第一个进办公室。
(6)不定式
His job is to teach English.他的工作是教英语。
Their plan is to finish the experiment in a week.他们的计划是一周内完成这项实验。
(7)动名词
His hobby is playing football.他的爱好是踢足球。
My wish is studying law in a university.我的愿望是在大学学习法律。
(8)介词短语
The machine must be out of order.机器一定出毛病了。
He is against our plan.他反对我们的计划。
(9)副词
Time is up. The class is over.时间到了，下课。
My father isn’t in. He is out.我父亲不在家，他出去了。
(10)表语从句
The truth is that he has never been abroad.
实际情况是他从未出过国。
3．In his youth Charles Darwin enjoyed all the freedom to experiment and do whatever he liked.
在年轻时代，查理斯·达尔文可以自由地做试验及他喜欢做的任何事。
Whatever he liked 引导宾语从句，作do的宾语。
2．In area it is approximately the same size as the USA (without Alaska), which, however, has more than fourteen times as many people.
从面积上说，它大约同美国(不包括阿拉斯加)相当，而美国的人口却是澳大利亚的十四倍多。
As many people 后面省掉了 it has. 注意倍数表达法。
如A是B的X倍，可表示如下：
A be x times the size/height/length…of B
A be x times as big/high/long as B
A be x-1 times bigger/higher/longer than B
A be bigger/higher than B by x-1 times