There are about fifteen hundred languages in the world. Bu only 1 of them are very important. English is one of these. Many, many people 2 it, not only in England and the USA, 3 other parts of the world, about 200,000,000 speak it 4 their own language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it as a 5 language. Many millions are trying to do so.

　　Is it easy or difficult to learn English? Different people may have different 6 . Have you ever noticed ads (广告) of this kind in the newspapers or magazines? “Learn English in six weeks or your 7 back…“Easy and funny! Our records and tapes help you master your English in a month. 8 the first day your 9 will be excellent. Just send… ” Of course, it never 10 quite like this.

　　The only language 11 seems easy to learn is the mother tongue. We should 12 that we all learned our own language well when we were 13 . If we could learn English in the same way, it would not seem so difficult. 14 what a small child does. He listens to what people say. He 15 what he hears. When he is using the language, talking in it, 16 in it all the time,just imagine how much 17 that gets!

　　So it is 18 to say that learning English is easy, because a good command (掌握) of English depends upon a lot of practice. And practice needs great efforts and 19 much time. Good teachers, records, tapes, books, and dictionaries will 20 . But they cannot do the student's work for them.

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　　If indeed silence is golden, it is also becoming as rare as gold. It seems that the 1 of man includes a 2 volume of noise. In every 3 , a stereo or television will 4 the rooms with sound. Between sunrise and sunset, streets and 5 are a constant source of 6 from cars, buses, and trucks. You can pass any factory or 7 area and the roar of its machinery will make your ears 8 . Music is 9 in every supermarket, most restaurants, and many offices. Big cities of the world are 10 for their noisiness.

　　Noise 11 is the new 12 effect of our technological age. Day or night, the sound of 13 falls the air. It seems that the soothing effects of silence are 14 to be found. Even the quiet of our 15 protected wilderness areas can be invaded at any moment by a passing 16 .

　　We are learning, finally, that 17 is a natural resource and must be protected by 18 . It appears that we all find 19 in sound, but at the same time, we all 20 a little quiet from time to time.

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　　In some countries, people eat rice every day. 1 they eat it two or three times a day, for breakfast, lunch and supper. They can 2 it, fry (煎) it or 3 it into rice noodles. They usually eat it 4 meat, fish and vegetables.

　　Some people do not eat some kind of 5 . Muslins, for example, do not eat pork, and Hindus do not eat beef.

　　The Japanese eat a lot of fish. Japan is an island and its 6 go all over the Pacific looking for fish to 7 . The Japanese sometimes eat uncooked fish, and they also eat a lot of rice.

　　In 8 such as Britain, Australia and the United States, the most important food is 9 or potatoes. People there usually make their bread from wheat flour. They 10 potatoes in different ways. They can boil them, fry them and roast (烤) them.

　　In Africa, maize (玉米) is the most important food. 11 rice and wheat, maize is a kind of cereal (谷物). African people make the maize 12 flour. From this flour they make 13 kinds of bread and cakes. Many Africans are very 14 and they can't afford to eat much 15 with their cereal.

　　Cereals are a very important kind of food 16 we also need plenty of vegetables and lots of fresh 17 .

　　Some people eat 18 fruit and vegetables. They do not eat meat or fish or 19 that comes from animals. They eat only food from 20 . Some people say that food from plants is better for us than meat.

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　　Everyone will laugh at you if you don't know about Pele (贝利), the most famous football player in Brazil (巴西). Because of his great devotion (贡献) to the 1 of football, he is always 2 as the “king” by football fans (球迷) worldwide.

　　Pele 3 his genius (天赋) for football in his 4 . When he was thirteen, 5 perfect skills he 6 Santos (桑托斯), a very important football 7 in Brazil.

　　In 1958, Pele was 8 to play for Brazil in the Sixth World Cup Competition. 9 he was sixteen, he was the best player 10 the field. 11 to Pele, Brazil 12 the world championship for the first 13 .

　　Pele played for Brazil in the World Cup Competitions from 1958 to 1970.

　　In one famous match, the fans were 14 the exciting 15 when Pele would score his thousandth goal when the referee (裁判) gave Santons a penalty (点球) 16 Pele walked up to 17 it. The opposing goalkeeper (对方守门员) had no 18 with the hard and accurate (准确的) 19 . Pele had scored his thousandth goal! The crowds cheered, “Pele, Pele…… ” That is a record which is as valuable in sports as a thousand goals.

　　Pele was always 20 to the spirit of the sport as a professional (职业) player. He always played a fair game and behaved modestly (谦虚) with a cheerful smile.

　　He is held in high respect, and now he is the Minister of Physical Education in Brazil.

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　　Billy is fourteen years old and in the ninth grade. He has a 1 job which gets him 2 every morning at five o'clock. He is a 3 .

　　Each morning, Billy 4 the house at 5:15 to go to the corner 5 the newspapers are. The newspapers were delivered to the 6 by truck at midnight. He always takes a wagon to carry them.

　　In the 7 it is still dark when he gets up, but during the rest of the year it is 8 . Billy must deliver the newspapers to the houses of people on his route 9 all kinds of weather. He tries to put each 10 on the porch (门廊) where “will be protected from 11 and rain or snow. His 12 think he does a good job. Sometimes they give him 13 .

　　Billy 14 about $70 per month, and he is 15 some of the money to go to college. He spends the rest 16 records and clothes. Once a month, he has to 17 money from his customers. Since many of them 18 during the day, Billy has to collect the money 19 . Sometimes, when Billy is 20 his elder brother has to 21 the newspapers. Once Billy's father had to help.

　　Billy has seventy customers now, 22 he hopes to get more soon. Some day, if he gets 23 more customers, Billy might win a prize for being an out standing newspaper boy. He wants to win a 24 to Europe, but he will also be happy 25 he wins a new bicycle.

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　　As my train was delayed for two hours, I had plenty of time to spare. After buying some magazines to read on the journey, I gave my wife a long-distance call. Then I 1 my way to the luggage office to collect my heavy suitcase. I had left it there three days before. There were only a few people 2 , and I took out my 3 to find the receipt 4 my case. The receipt seemed not where I had placed it. No matter how 5 I searched, the receipt was nowhere to be found.

　　When my 6 came, I 7 the situation sorrowfully to the assistant. The man looked at me 8 as if to say that he had 9 this kind of story many times and asked me to tell him 10 my case was like. I told him it was an old brown-looking object, not different 11 the many cases I could see in his office. The assistant then told me to 12 a list of what was 13 in the case. If they were 14 , he said, I could take the case away. I tried to remember all the things I had hurriedly put into the case and 15 them down as they came to me.

　　After I had done this, I went to 16 round the office. There were hundreds of 17 there. For one 18 moment, it came to my mind that if someone had picked the receipt he could have easily taken the case already. This had not happened fortunately, for I found the case 19 in the corner. After 20 the things inside, the assistant was satisfied that it was mine, and told me I could take the case away.

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　　Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, it 1 with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to 2 some action. You must first go where there are people. You won't make friends staying home 3 .

　　Join a club or group, talking with those who like the same things 4 you do is much easier. Or join someone 5 some activity.

　　Many people are nervous (紧张的) when talking to new people. 6 all, meeting strangers means 7 the unknown. And it's human nature to 8 a bit uncomfortable (不舒服的) about the unknown.

　　 9 our fears about dealing with new people comes from doubts (怀疑) about 10 . We imagine other people are judging us, finding us too tall 11 too short, too this or too that. But don't forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself 12 you are, and try to put the other person at ease (不拘束). You'll both feel more comfortable.

　　Try to 13 self-confident (自信) even if you don't feel that way when you 14 a room full of strangers, such as a new classroom, walk tall and straight, look directly 15 other people and smile.

　　If you see someone you' d like to 16 , say something. Don't wait for 17 person to start a conversation (谈话).

　　Just meeting someone new does not mean that you will 18 friends with that person. Friendship is based on mutual (相互的) liking and “give and take”. It 19 time and effort to develop. And there are things that keep a new friendship from 20 .

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　　One day last June I was walking slowly along the pavement on the sea front of the small seaside town 1 I live, lazily looking at the ships in the 2 .

　　Although the weather was 3 , it was a very cold day, and there was hardly 4 on the beach. Soon I got to a shelter made of glass where I sat down to 5 the sunshine, protected from the 6 . Suddenly a large friendly dog appeared and 7 down at my feet, and 8 to leave however hard I tried to get rid of it. It was 9 a collar but there was no name or address on it. Eventually I rang the local 10 and explained 11 had happened. I told them I would 12 the dog until the owner 13 it.

　　Several days later, a lady to whom the police 14 my address, turned up at my house to 15 the dog was hers. It had jumped 16 a bus and run away while she was paying her 17 . Then she called the dog in a soft 18 , and it got up and followed 19 , wagging its tail happily. I was quite 20 to have to give back such a friendly animal.

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　　We often see dogs always 1 their tongues out in summer. But at first the dogs didn't do so. Long long ago, the dog was very bad. He 2 did a good deed.

　　One summer day the dog 3 into a forest. 4 he saw the forest was beautiful and clean, a 5 idea came to him. Then he brought 6 dirty things to the forest and put 7 everywhere. What he did was 8 by a monkey who hid 9 a big tree. He didn't tell anyone 10 the dog did for and 11 did not know why the dog did so.

　　Several days 12 , it got hotter and hotter, and the dirty things became rotten (腐烂). The air smelt 13 . Many animals fell ill. All the other animals became angry and tried 14 who had done it and punish him. The monkey knew 15 bad the dog was. So he 16 the other animals the truth. They caught up with the dog and 17 him eat all the dirty things and 18 the forest clean.

　　After that the dog 19 honest. To remember this, he puts his tongue out in 20 .

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　　In 1895, a man named Raymond Kroc entered a partnership company with two brothers named McDonald. They 1 a popular restaurant in California 2 sold food that was easy to prepare and 3 quickly. Hamburgers, French fries, and cold drinks were the 4 food there. Kroc opened similar eating places 5 the same name “McDonald”, and they were very successful. He later 6 the company, and today it is one of the most famous and successful “fast-food” in America and the world.

　　Why was Kroc's idea so successful? Probably the most 7 reason was that his timing was right. In the 1950's most 8 women stayed home to keep house and 9 their children. In 1960's many women 10 to the workplace. This meant that they had less time and energy 11 housework and preparations 12 meals so they 13 more on “TV dinners” and fast-food restaurants. Single parents also have 14 time to spend in the kitchen. People 15 alone al so depend on this type of food, since cooking for one is often 16 trouble than it is worth.

　　Fast-food is not part of the 17 of all Americans. Another tend (倾向) of the 1960's, sometimes called the back-to-nature movement, 18 many people to avoid food 19 was prepared and put in bags. This preference (偏爱) for 20 food continues to this day.

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