Question

I went to a nearby car factory today with my uncle, who works there. One thing I noticed was that most of the work was done by robots. Welding (焊接), painting, testing and many other jobs are performed by robots. The whole dashboard (仪表板) is put into a car by a robot. It would have taken two men to do so in the past, and it would have hurt their backs quite a bit.

It got me thinking: Is it a good thing that robots are replacing factory workers? On the one hand, robots generally do a more accurate job than people. They are not likely to make many mistakes. If something goes wrong with one car, an alarm goes off. They do exactly the same thing every time, but a human worker is unable to do so. On the other hand, robots reduce costs for companies. Companies don’t have to pay robots wages or injury compensation (补偿) if they’re broken. If something in a robot does go wrong, it won’t have to take time off work for a year, or even forever, as could happen to a real person if he breaks his back or burns himself while welding.

The obvious downside is that robots increase unemployment rate, which in turn increases taxes. We don’t want to pay for those who are out of work just because a company has replaced them with robots.

1.We can learn from the first paragraph that _______.

A. all the workers have been replaced by robots

B. robots do most of the work in the car factory

C. there are no workers with back strain now

D. the author’s uncle designs robots in the factory

2.The second paragraph is mainly about ________.

A. the author’s experience in a car factory

B. the advantages of robots over human workers

C. the advantages of human workers over robots

D. the management of factory workers

3.The underlined word “downside” in the last paragraph means _______.

A. weakness B. favor

C. assistance D. Advantage

4.It can be inferred from the passage that________.

A.companies refuse to pay for workers.

B.robots have completely replaced workers.

C.robots can help solve the problem of unemployment.

D.people have to pay more taxes for unemployment.

 

Answer 1

1.B

2.B

3.A

4.D

【解析】

试题分析: 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在现代社会中机器人的普遍使用给人们带来的有利方面和不利方面。作者在参观附近的工厂时看到了机器人代替人们做了大部分的工作。由此想到了机器人的使用对社会造成的影响，分析了使用机器人的优点和缺点。

1.细节理解题。根据文章首段 One thing I noticed was that most of the work was done by robots. Welding ……. The whole dashboard is put into a car by a robot.可知机器人在工厂里做了大部分的工作，选B。

2.细节理解题。在文章第二段中作者详细介绍了使用机器人的优点，比如robots generally do a more accurate job than people. They are not likely to make many mistakes. Companies don’t have to pay robots wages or injury compensation (补偿) if they’re broken.等等，由此判断选B。

3.A词义猜测题。根据本句The obvious downside to all of this is that it increases the unemployment rate. The company will have to bring in some very talented individuals who know how to operate the robots可知使用机器人以后，公司所雇佣的工人会变少，这样就增加了失业率。故这也是机器人对社会影响中的一个缺点。故A正确。

4.推理判断题。根据文章末段The obvious downside is that robots increase unemployment rate, which in turn increases taxes.可知机器人的使用增加了人们的失业率，而且税收也需要提高，由此判断人们要多交税来支付失业人员的失业保险金，故答案选D。

考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读