For sustainable development.the government has decided to give to those energy conserving and environment-friendly business in many aspects．( )A．permissionB．profitC．preferenceD．phenomenon 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

13．For sustainable development，the government has decided to give ______ to those energy conserving and environment-friendly business in many aspects．（　　）

A．

permission

B．

profit

C．

preference

D．

phenomenon

分析为了可持续发展，政府已经决定在很多方面优先考虑节能和环境友好型的生意．

解答答案：C，考查名词的辨析，permission"允许，许可"，profit"利益，利润"，preference"优先权，偏爱"，phenomenon"现象"，根据语境应是"优先考虑"，使用give preference to，故选C．

点评考查名词的辨析，应区分各个名词的意思，根据语境确定正确的答案．

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4．Consumer Behavior
"Consumer behavior"is the behavior that consumers，either people or organizations，show in seeking，purchasing，using，evaluating and disposing of （处理掉） products and services．The study of consumer behavior is the study of how people make decisions to spend their available resources on products and services．
All consumers face varying problems to which solutions are vital to the existence of most people，and the economic well-being of all．The process is complex，as choices must be made regarding what，why，how，when，where and how often to buy an item．The answers to these questions would provide companies with important input for product design improvement and marketing strategy．
The person who purchases a product is not always the only user of the product．Nor is the purchaser necessarily the person who makes the decision or pays for the product．Thus the marketplace activities of people have three functions：the consumer，the person who uses the product or service； the purchaser，the person who carries out the activities to get the product or service； and the payer，the person who provides the money or other objects of value to obtain the product or service．Marketers must decide whom to direct their marketing efforts toward．For some products or services，they must find the person who is most likely to influence the decision．Some marketers believe that the buyer of the products is the best choice； others believe it is the user of the product，while still others play it safe by directing their promotional efforts to both buyers and users．
In addition to studying how consumers use the products they buy，consumer researchers are also interested in how people dispose of their once-new purchases when they are finished with them because the marketers must match production to the frequency with which consumers buy replacements．It is also important to society as a whole，as solid waste disposal has become a major environmental problem that marketers must address in their development of products and packaging．Many companies have begun to reproduce old components to install in new products，because reproducing is often cheaper，easier and more efficient than recycling．
48．What does"consumer behavior"study？C
A．What makes people satisfied with products or services．
B．When the producers make improvement on product designs．
C．How people decide to spend money on products or services．
D．How often people purchase products or services in real life．
49．What can be inferred from the passage？D
A．Payers of products or services are in fact purchasers．
B．Purchasing decisions are not connected to people's well-being．
C．Marketers agree to direct their promotional efforts to only users．
D．Planning ways of exposing products to potential consumers is marketers'job．
50．From the passage we can learn that companies would prefer toA．
A．make their products last a longer time
B．pay for the cost of recycling materials
C．spend more money on packaging
D．limit the choices of consumers．

1．Best Inventions of the Ancient Chinese
Paper currency was first used by the Chinese，and is now used widely in most countries．The earliest record of this invention was in the Song Dynasty （in the 10th century）．
Row crops began to be planted in rows around the sixth century BC，which allows them to grow faster and larger．In addition，the wind hits the straight rows and blows gently across them．
Deep drilling（钻井）for gas：A technique developed in about 1040is still used today，known as"deep drilling"for gas．This technique has given many Americans jobs in the past，and is responsible for a considerable amount of America's income．
Fireworks were invented by the Chinese as entertainment，but were later used to scare off enemies in wars．Today，we use fireworks to celebrate holidays．It is great that this third century BC technique is still practiced and enjoyed today．
Gunpowder wasn't designed first for war use．The date of gun-powder's invention is unknown，but it is said that it was invented around the same time as fireworks．
Parachute（降落伞）：The invention is used widely today，both for entertainment and scientific use．The first record of the parachute was in 90 BC，but it is said to have been invented in the second century BC．
Rudder（舵）：Before the invention of the rudder，boats had to rely on oars to turn，which required a lot of time and energy．Now the rudder is used widely in all types of boats．The invention date is unknown．

55．Which of the inventions came out first？B
A．Paper currency B．Row crops C．Fireworks D．Parachute
56．What do you know about fireworks，according to the passage？D
A．They were first invented to scare people．
B．They were invented for wars．
C．They were developed from gunpowder．
D．They were invented at about the same time as gun-powder．
57．It can be inferred from the passage thatA．
A．It saves time and energy to operate the rudder than oars on boats
B．when wind hits the rows of crops，it destroys them
C．paper currency was the world's oldest form of money
D．the main income of the USA comes from deep drilling for gas
58．What do the inventions mentioned above have in common？C
A．They all have exact written records．
B．They were used as entertainment at first．
C．They have all been of great benefit to human beings．
D．They are becoming out of date in most countries．

8．Just like children，baby animals spend countless hours at play．After studying animal play for many years，scientists recognize that young animal play is practice for adult behavior．Today this play is roughly divided into the following groups．
Locomotor play refers to the movements animals carry out in their play．Running，leaping，turning，and kicking are some of the most common examples of locomotor play．An adult deer may  run，leap，and twist（曲折前进） to escape its attackers．Play movements like these surely make  young animals nimble．Someday these skills might help save their lives．
Moving forward slowly，attacking suddenly．and biting are examples of predatory play that help  young predators（食肉动物） prepare for a life of running after and taking hold of other animals．Wild cats，wolves，and bears are predators．It is very common to see these young animals play this  kind of games which sharpen their skills and teach them about their strengths and limitations．
For children，playing with toys is both fun and educational．It helps improve their hand and  eye movements as well as develop hand skills to accomplish tasks．It is the same with animals．Young chimpanzees improve their hand skills while playing with sticks．Birds also play with things  in ways that teach．Swallows drop and recover feathers in mid air．Diving suddenly to catch the  feathers is good practice for catching flying insects．
Social play helps animals learn how to behave when they run into other animals．And it teaches  animals about communication．An animal gives signals to let another animal know it wants to play．Many animals give signals by showing a"play face"．In some ways this face is like a human smile； the animal holds its mouth in a relaxed and open manner．During play-fights，some animals may step backwards to signal that they are playing and not acting seriously．
Until now，scientists have understood playful acts help prepare animals for their serious adult situations．But the numbers of playful species and examples of animal play are vast．The purpose of animal play may have meanings scientists have not discovered yet．

31．The main purpose of the text is toD．
A．ask us to take good care of wild animals
B．encourage us to learn more about animals
C．entertain us with interesting animal stories
D．show us something about animal behavior
32．The underlined word"nimble"in Paragraph 2can best be replaced byB．
A．cruel
B．swift
C．curious
D．strong
33．Which of the following belongs to predatory play？C
A．A deer runs，leaps，and turns．
B．A chimpanzee plays'with a stick．
C．A lion moves slowly and makes an attack suddenly．
D．A dog holds its mouth in a relaxed and open manner．
34．Based on Paragraph 5，a"play face"isA．
A．a type of sign al between animals
B．a name for a kind of animal play
C．an activity that involves adult animals
D  an action that is taught to another animal
35．Which of the following shows the structure of the text？B

18．As many as one in five US teenagers have some degree of hearing loss，according to researchers．
They say the problem is growing．
Teenagers really don't pay attention to how much noise they are exposed （暴露） to，Josef Shargorodsky of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston told Reuters．"Often people won't notice it，but even slight hearing loss may affect language development，"said Shargorodsky，one of the researchers．
The study compared surveys from the early 1990s and the mid-2000s．Each included a few thousand teenagers．In the first survey，about 15percent of teenagers had some degree of hearing loss．Some 15years later，that number had risen by a third，to nearly 20percent．
"This certainly is big news，"said Alison Grimes，an ear doctor．Hearing loss is very common in old people，Grimes said，but she added that it was worrying to see it happen in the younger age group．
In babies and young children，hearing problems are known to slow language development．The science is less clear for teenagers，but it is easy to imagine how being hard of hearing could affect learning，said Grimes，．
The reasons for the rise are still unclear．When researchers asked teenagers about noise exposure-on the job，at school or from activities，for example-the teenagers didn't report any change．But Shargorodsky said that might not be true．"We knew from before that it is difficult to ask this age group about noise exposure-they underestimate （低估） it．"Few people would call it noise when they listen to music on their MP3player，for example．"There is a difference between what we think is loud and what is harmful to the ear，"said Grimes．
Although it's not clear that the MP3 players cause teenagers'hearing loss，Grimes said it was still a good idea to turn down the sound and take short breaks from listening．

29．According to the researchers，in a US class of 40students，aboutD students have some degree of hearing loss．
A．one              B．five             C．six           D．eight
30．Which of the following statements is true according to the article？C
A．Slight hearing loss does not influence learning．
B．Only a few old people have hearing problems．
C．Hearing problems can slow language development．
D．Noise exposure is clearly noticed by teenagers．
31．About hearing loss，it can be inferred thatC．
A．the reasons for the rise have been found           B．MP3players are to blame
C．listening to loud music may be a cause            D．noise is the main reason
32．The article was written toA．
A．warn teenagers that loud music might be harmful
B．explain what kinds of noises might affect studies
C．suggest that teenagers shouldn't listen to loud music
D．show how important hearing can be for learning．

5．Everybody hates rats But in the earthquake capitals of the world-Japan，Los Angeles，Turkey-rats will soon be man's new best friends
What happens after an earthquake？We sent in rescue dogs．Why？Because they can smell people．Dogs save lives They help rescuers to find living people．But dogs are big and they can't get into small spaces So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives：the rat．
How does it work？First，the rat is trained to smell people When this happens，the rat's brain gives a signal（信号）．This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals When the rat's brain activity jumps，the rescuers know that someone is alive．The rat has smelled that person．
Although there are already robots which can do this job，rats are better Christian Linster at Cornell University，New York，says，"Robots'noses don't work well when there are other smells around Rats are good at that"Rats can also see in the dark They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs，and unlike robots，they don't need electricity!
The"rat project"is not finished，but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says，"It would be fantastic．A rat could get into spaces we couldn't get to and a rat would get out if it wasn't safe"Perhaps for the first time in history，people will be happy to see a rat in a building（but only after an earthquake，of course ）．
21．In the world earthquake capitals，rats will become man's best friends because they canB．
A．take the place of man's rescue jobs
B．find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings
C．serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings
D．get into small spaces
22．From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person alive byC．
A．the noise made by the rat
B．the rat's unusual behaviour
C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat's back
D．the smell given off by the person
23．In doing rescue jobs，C．
A．rats smell better than dogs
B．dogs don't need to be trained to smell people
C．robots'sense of smell can be affected by other smells around
D．rats can seem the dark and smaller than robots
24．Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT thatA
A．they are more fantastic than other animals
B．they are fess expensive to train than dogs
C．they don't need electricity
D．they are small and can get into small places
25．After reading the passage we can know
A．at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for peopleD
B．the"rat project"has been completed
C．people are now happy to see a rat in a building
D．now people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues．

2．If a sitcom（情景喜剧） that lasts for 10years is considered popular，then surely one that still stirs up emotions after 20must be considered a classic．Friends first aired in the US in 1994，featuring a cast of six young men and women in New York．In the time since，it's become one of the most famous titles in the sitcom genre（流派），aired in over 100countries and regions in the world．
The show is iconic（形象的）among those who grew up in the 1990s because it explores basic yet important themes like friendship，struggling to survive in a big city，and finding independence and identity，all of which are still relevant to young audiences today．
Against the background of the Internet age，IT staff （职员） who were once marginalized（排斥） and laughed at have been brought back to life due to the popularity of hit show The Big Bang Theory，in which four talents lacking normal social skills make an attempt at living on a college campus．
At the same time，Gossip girl，describing a young cast of New Yorkers born with silver spoons in their mouths，show the difficulties upper-class adolescents experience．
The show's fashion and mature（成熟的） subject matter allowed it to draw the interest of both teenagers and adults．
Although these typical TV shows cover a wide timeline and a variety of themes，they all have a universal topic．Why are they still fascinating？It remains to be found out．

29．Why is the sitcom Friends typical among young people in the 1990s？B
A．Because it predicts the future of the young at that time．
B．Because it deals with the subjects faced by the youth．
C．Because it is the most influential sitcom of all time．
D．Because it is a breakthrough in the producing style．
30．What can we learn about The Big Bang Theory？D
A．It is about four talents who are good at everything．
B．It is set in the time before the Internet came into being．
C．It arouses people's enthusiasm for computers．
D．It improves the conditions of the people in IT．
31．According to the passage，Gossip GirlA．
A．shows fashionable style and adult subject．
B．describes the life of ordinary girls．
C．attracts people of all ages．
D．describes the hardships of upper-class people．

3．

以下是关于这些插图的简要评论．请把评论与相关插图及提示性文字匹配起来．
46．The debate has been raging for years over the safety of，and necessity for，childhood vaccinations，which has been so much so that it is termed"The Vaccine War"．The debate has only a few moments that might be inspiring to those who have been following this now familiar issue．F

47．There are certainly benefits of using a star in a film．It makes the film easier to market．Stars also help sell more tickets and drive DVD sales，which are a big part of studio revenue．However，a star does not guarantee success．The simple fact is that if you pay a star a great deal of money for a film that people don't want to see，then it won't work．C

48．They are barely in their twenties and are already multimillionaires．At the age when many people are looking for their first job，the youngsters of The Sunday Times Rich List are buying country estates or jetting off to their overseas homes．Daniel Radcliffe，for example，who plays Harry Potter，has a fortune of£42 million，at 20．A

49．Millions of jobless Americans，who might be suffering in anxiety and lacking a sense of security，are showing up at emergency rooms of state-owned hospitals，contributing to a longer waiting time and a higher risk of cursory treatment by overworked doctors and nurses．D

50．Alice Miller，a psychology expert，who died at 87 at home in Provence，France，on April 14，repositioned the family as a central place of abnormal psychological function with her theory that parental power and punishment lay at the root of nearly all human problems．E．

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