ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ÈçͼΪϸ°ûĤ½á¹¹¼°ÎïÖʳöÈëϸ°ûµÄ·½Ê½Ê¾Òâͼ£¬Çë¾Ýͼ»Ø´ð£º£¨A¡¢B¡¢D´ú±íÎïÖÊ£¬a¡¢b¡¢c¡¢d¡¢e´ú±íÔËÊ䷽ʽ£©

£¨1£©½«È˵ijÉÊìºìϸ°û·Å½øÕôÁóË®ÖУ¬Ôì³Éºìϸ°ûÆÆÁѳöÏÖÈÜѪÏÖÏó£¬ÔÙ½«Èܳöϸ°ûÍâµÄÎïÖʳåÏ´µô£¬Ê£ÏµĽṹÔÚÉúÎïѧÉϳÆÎª¡°ÑªÓ°¡±£¬ÑªÓ°µÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇAºÍB£¬ÔòA´ú±í ·Ö×Ó£¬ËüÔÚÎïÖÊÔËÊäµÈ¹ý³ÌÖÐÓÐÖØÒª×÷Ó㻸ýṹµÄ»ù±¾¹Ç¼ÜÊÇ £¨ÓÃ×Öĸ±íʾ£©£®
£¨2£©ÄÜ´ú±íÑõÆø×ªÔ˵ÄÊÇͼÖеÄ[ ]£¨·½Ê½£©£»ÎïÖÊDÊÇ £»Äܱíʾ¼ØÀë×Ó½øÈëºìϸ°ûµÄÊÇͼÖеÄ[ ]£¨·½Ê½£©£®
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝÎïÖÊ¿çĤÔËÊ䷽ʽ£¬¿É֪ϸ°ûĤµÄ¹¦ÄÜÌØµãÊÇ £®ÍÌÊÉϸ°û¿ÉÒÔÍÌÊɲ¡ÔÌ壬ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÒÔÍÆ¶Ï³öϸ°ûĤËù¾ßÓÐµÄ½á¹¹ÌØµãÊÇ £®
£¨1£©½«È˵ijÉÊìºìϸ°û·Å½øÕôÁóË®ÖУ¬Ôì³Éºìϸ°ûÆÆÁѳöÏÖÈÜѪÏÖÏó£¬ÔÙ½«Èܳöϸ°ûÍâµÄÎïÖʳåÏ´µô£¬Ê£ÏµĽṹÔÚÉúÎïѧÉϳÆÎª¡°ÑªÓ°¡±£¬ÑªÓ°µÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÊÇAºÍB£¬ÔòA´ú±í
£¨2£©ÄÜ´ú±íÑõÆø×ªÔ˵ÄÊÇͼÖеÄ[
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝÎïÖÊ¿çĤÔËÊ䷽ʽ£¬¿É֪ϸ°ûĤµÄ¹¦ÄÜÌØµãÊÇ
¿¼µã£ºÎïÖÊ¿çĤÔËÊäµÄ·½Ê½¼°ÆäÒìͬ
רÌ⣺
·ÖÎö£º1¡¢¾Ýͼ·ÖÎö£¬AÎªÔØÌåµ°°×£¬BΪÁ×֬˫·Ö×Ӳ㣬DΪÌǵ°°×£¬Ö»·Ö²¼ÔÚϸ°ûĤÍâ²à£¨ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÒÔÅжÏÎïÖÊÊǽøÏ¸°û»¹Êdzöϸ°û£©£®
2¡¢a¡¢eΪÖ÷¶¯ÔËÊä£¬ÌØµãµÍŨ¶ÈÔËÊäµ½¸ßŨ¶È£¬ÐèÒªÔØÌåºÍÄÜÁ¿£»bΪ×ÔÓÉÀ©É¢£¬ÌصãÊǸßŨ¶ÈÔËÊäµ½µÍŨ¶È£¬²»ÐèÒªÔØÌåºÍÄÜÁ¿£»¾ßÓÐÌǵ°°×µÄÒ»²à´ú±íĤÍ⣬ÆäÖÐa¡¢bÓÉĤÍâÔËÏòĤÄÚ£¬eÔòÓÉĤÄÚÔËÏòĤÍ⣻c¡¢d±íʾÐÖúÀ©É¢£¬ÌصãÊǸßŨ¶ÈÔËÊäµ½µÍŨ¶È£¬ÐèÒªÔØÌ壬²»ÐèÒªÄÜÁ¿£®
2¡¢a¡¢eΪÖ÷¶¯ÔËÊä£¬ÌØµãµÍŨ¶ÈÔËÊäµ½¸ßŨ¶È£¬ÐèÒªÔØÌåºÍÄÜÁ¿£»bΪ×ÔÓÉÀ©É¢£¬ÌصãÊǸßŨ¶ÈÔËÊäµ½µÍŨ¶È£¬²»ÐèÒªÔØÌåºÍÄÜÁ¿£»¾ßÓÐÌǵ°°×µÄÒ»²à´ú±íĤÍ⣬ÆäÖÐa¡¢bÓÉĤÍâÔËÏòĤÄÚ£¬eÔòÓÉĤÄÚÔËÏòĤÍ⣻c¡¢d±íʾÐÖúÀ©É¢£¬ÌصãÊǸßŨ¶ÈÔËÊäµ½µÍŨ¶È£¬ÐèÒªÔØÌ壬²»ÐèÒªÄÜÁ¿£®
½â´ð£º
½â£º£¨1£©¡°ÑªÓ°¡±ÊôÓÚϸ°ûĤ£¬Ö÷Òª³É·ÖÁ×Ö¬ºÍµ°°×ÖÊ£¬ÔòA´ú±íµ°°×ÖÊ£¬»ù±¾¹Ç¼ÜÊÇBÁ×֬˫·Ö×Ӳ㣮
£¨2£©ÑõÆø×ªÔË·½Ê½ÊÇ[b]×ÔÓÉÀ©É¢£»ÎïÖÊDÊÇÌǵ°°×£¬½øÐÐϸ°ûʶ±ð¡¢±£»¤ºÍÈ󻬣»¼ØÀë×Ó½øÈëºìϸ°ûµÄ·½Ê½ÊÇ[a]Ö÷¶¯ÔËÊ䣮
£¨3£©Ï¸°ûĤµÄ¹¦ÄÜÌØµãÊÇÑ¡Ôñ͸¹ýÐÔ£®ÍÌÊÉϸ°û¿ÉÒÔÍÌÊɲ¡ÔÌ壬ÌåÏÖϸ°ûĤµÄ½á¹¹ÌصãÊǾßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
£¨1£©µ°°×ÖÊ B
£¨2£©b×ÔÓÉÀ©É¢£¨´ð±»¶¯ÔËÊ䏸·Ö£© ¶àÌÇ aÖ÷¶¯ÔËÊä
£¨3£©Ñ¡Ôñ͸¹ýÐÔ ¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ
£¨2£©ÑõÆø×ªÔË·½Ê½ÊÇ[b]×ÔÓÉÀ©É¢£»ÎïÖÊDÊÇÌǵ°°×£¬½øÐÐϸ°ûʶ±ð¡¢±£»¤ºÍÈ󻬣»¼ØÀë×Ó½øÈëºìϸ°ûµÄ·½Ê½ÊÇ[a]Ö÷¶¯ÔËÊ䣮
£¨3£©Ï¸°ûĤµÄ¹¦ÄÜÌØµãÊÇÑ¡Ôñ͸¹ýÐÔ£®ÍÌÊÉϸ°û¿ÉÒÔÍÌÊɲ¡ÔÌ壬ÌåÏÖϸ°ûĤµÄ½á¹¹ÌصãÊǾßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
£¨1£©µ°°×ÖÊ B
£¨2£©b×ÔÓÉÀ©É¢£¨´ð±»¶¯ÔËÊ䏸·Ö£© ¶àÌÇ aÖ÷¶¯ÔËÊä
£¨3£©Ñ¡Ôñ͸¹ýÐÔ ¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʵĿçĤÔËÊ䣬ÒâÔÚ¿¼²éѧÉúµÄʶͼºÍÀí½âÄÜÁ¦£¬ÊôÓÚÖеµÌ⣮
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿
ijµ°°×ÖÊÓÉmÌõëÄÁ´¡¢n¸öëļü×é³É£®Ôò¿ØÖƺϳɸõ°°×ÖʵĻùÒòÖÁÉÙº¬Óмî»ùÊý£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A¡¢6£¨ n-m£© |
| B¡¢6£¨n-1£© |
| C¡¢6£¨n+m£© |
| D¡¢6n |
ijDNA·Ö×ÓµÄÒ»ÌõÁ´
=2£¬ÕâÖÖ±ÈÀýÔÚÆä»¥²¹Á´ºÍÕû¸öDNA·Ö×ÓÖзֱðÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A+G |
| T+C |
| A¡¢2¡¢2 | B¡¢0.5¡¢2 |
| C¡¢0.5¡¢1 | D¡¢2¡¢1 |
СÂóÖк¬Á¿·á¸»µÄ¶àÌÇÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A¡¢ÌÇÔºÍÏËÎ¬ËØ |
| B¡¢µí·ÛºÍÌÇÔ |
| C¡¢µí·ÛºÍÏËÎ¬ËØ |
| D¡¢ÕáÌǺÍÂóÑ¿ÌÇ |
¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡ÊÇij¶þ±¶Ì嶯ÎïµÄ4ÖÖϸ°û£¬ÆäȾɫÌåÊý·Ö±ðΪ0¡¢N¡¢2N¡¢4N£¬ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨´íÎóµÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A¡¢¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡¿ÉÄܾßÓÐϸ°ûÖÜÆÚ |
| B¡¢¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡¿ÉÄÜ´æÔÚÓÚͬһ¸öÆ÷¹ÙÖÐ |
| C¡¢¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡µÄºËDNA·Ö×ÓÖ®±È¿ÉÒÔÊÇ0£º1£º2£º2 |
| D¡¢¼×¡¢ÒÒ¡¢±û¡¢¶¡µÄºËDNA·Ö×ÓÖ®±È¿ÉÄÜÊÇ0£º1£º1£º2 |