ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
14£®£¨1£©¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦8NH3+3Cl2¨T6NH4Cl+N2£¬»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺¢Ù¸Ã·´Ó¦ÖÐÑõ»¯¼ÁÊÇCl2£¨Ìѧʽ£©£¬±»Ñõ»¯µÄÊǵª£¨ÌîÃû³Æ£©ÔªËØ£®
¢Ú¸Ã·´Ó¦ÖвμÓÑõ»¯»¹ÔµÄÑõ»¯¼ÁÓ뻹ԼÁµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ3£º2£®
£¨2£©Ð´³öÏÂÁз´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
¢ÙÍÓëŨÁòËá¼ÓÈÈCu+2H2SO4£¨Å¨£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$CuSO4+2H2O+SO2¡ü
¢ÚʵÑéÊÒÖÆÂÈÆøMnO2+4HCl£¨Å¨£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$MnCl2+Cl2¡ü+2H2O
¢ÛÂÁÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©8NH3+3Cl2¨T6NH4Cl+N2ÖÐNÔªËØµÄ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬ClÔªËØµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬8molNH3·´Ó¦Ê±Ö»ÓÐ2mol×÷»¹Ô¼Á£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÍÓëŨÁòËá¼ÓÈÈ£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËáÍ¡¢¶þÑõ»¯ÁòºÍË®£»
¢ÚʵÑéÊÒÀûÓöþÑõ»¯ÃÌÓëŨÑÎËá¼ÓÈÈÖÆÂÈÆø£»
¢ÛÂÁÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬Éú³ÉÆ«ÂÁËáÄÆºÍË®£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©¢ÙClÔªËØµÄ»¯ºÏ¼Û½µµÍ£¬ÔòÑõ»¯¼ÁΪCl2£¬NÔªËØµÄ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÉý¸ß£¬ÔòµªÔªËØÊ§È¥µç×Ó±»Ñõ»¯£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCl2£»µª£»
¢Ú8molNH3·´Ó¦Ê±Ö»ÓÐ2mol×÷»¹Ô¼Á£¬ÂÈÆøÎªÑõ»¯¼Á£¬ÓÉ·´Ó¦¿ÉÖª£¬²Î¼ÓÑõ»¯»¹ÔµÄÑõ»¯¼ÁÓ뻹ԼÁµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ3£º2£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3£º2£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÍÓëŨÁòËá¼ÓÈÈ£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËáÍ¡¢¶þÑõ»¯ÁòºÍË®£¬·´Ó¦ÎªCu+2H2SO4£¨Å¨£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$CuSO4+2H2O+SO2¡ü£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCu+2H2SO4£¨Å¨£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$CuSO4+2H2O+SO2¡ü£»
¢ÚʵÑéÊÒÀûÓöþÑõ»¯ÃÌÓëŨÑÎËá¼ÓÈÈÖÆÂÈÆø£¬·´Ó¦ÎªMnO2+4HCl£¨Å¨£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$MnCl2+Cl2¡ü+2H2O£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºMnO2+4HCl£¨Å¨£©$\frac{\underline{\;\;¡÷\;\;}}{\;}$MnCl2+Cl2¡ü+2H2O£»
¢ÛÂÁÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦£¬Éú³ÉÆ«ÂÁËáÄÆºÍË®£¬·´Ó¦Îª2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦¼°»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд£¬Îª¸ßƵ¿¼µã£¬°ÑÎÕ·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦¼°ÔªËصϝºÏ¼Û±ä»¯µÈΪ½â´ðµÄ¹Ø¼ü£¬²àÖØ·ÖÎöÓëÓ¦ÓÃÄÜÁ¦µÄ¿¼²é£¬×¢Ò⣨1£©ÖÐ×÷»¹Ô¼ÁµÄ°±ÆøÎª½â´ðµÄÒ×´íµã£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
| A£® | H2AµÄµçÀë·½³ÌʽΪ£ºH2A?H++HA-£¬HA-?H++A2- | |
| B£® | 0.1mol/LNaHAÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚc£¨A2-£©+c£¨HA-£©+c£¨H2A£©=0.1mol/L | |
| C£® | ³£ÎÂÏ£¬µÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄNaHAÓëNa2AÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºóÈÜÒºpH=3.0 | |
| D£® | pH=4.0ʱ£¬Í¼ÖÐn£¨HA-£©Ô¼Îª0.0091mol |
| A£® | ÔÚpH=1µÄÈÜÒºÖУºNH4+¡¢ClO-¡¢Cl- | |
| B£® | ÓÐSiO32-´æÔÚµÄÈÜÒºÖУºNa+¡¢SO42-¡¢Cl- | |
| C£® | ÓÐNO3-´æÔÚµÄÈÜÒºÖУºH+¡¢Ba2+¡¢Fe2+ | |
| D£® | ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬Ë®µçÀëµÄcË®£¨H+£©=1.0¡Á10-13mol•L-1ÈÜÒºÖУºNa+¡¢S2-¡¢AlO2- |
£¨1£©v£¨A£©=0.6mol•L-1•min-1 £¨2£©v£¨B£©=0.005mol•L-1•S-1
£¨3£©v£¨C£©=0.4mol•L-1•min-1 £¨4£©v£¨D£©=0.80mol•L-1•min-1
´Ë·´Ó¦ÔÚ²»Í¬Ìõ¼þϽøÐÐ×î¿ìµÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
| A£® | £¨1£© | B£® | £¨2£© | C£® | £¨3£© | D£® | £¨4£© |
| A£® | ÔÚ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬11.2L O2Öк¬ÓеÄÔ×ÓÊýΪNA | |
| B£® | ÔÚ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬44g CO2Öк¬ÓеÄÔ×ÓÊýΪ3NA | |
| C£® | ÔÚ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬NA¸öË®·Ö×ÓµÄÌå»ýԼΪ22.4L | |
| D£® | ÔÚ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬11.2Lº¤Æøº¬Óеĵç×ÓÊýΪ2NA |
| A£® | ¾ÛÒÒÏ©¡¢¾ÛÂÈÒÒÏ©¡¢ÏËÎ¬ËØ¶¼ÊôÓںϳɸ߷Ö×Ó | |
| B£® | ÓÍÖ¬¡¢µí·ÛºÍµ°°×Öʶ¼ÊÇʳÎïÖк¬ÓеÄÖØÒªÓªÑøÎïÖÊ£¬Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þ϶¼ÄÜË®½â | |
| C£® | ³ýÈ¥ÒÒËáÒÒõ¥ÖеÄÉÙÁ¿ÒÒËᣬ¿É¼ÓÈëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº³ä·Ö·´Ó¦ºó·ÖÒº | |
| D£® | ±ûÍéµÄͬ·ÖÒì¹¹Ìå¹²ÓÐ3ÖÖ |
| A£® | 5.0mol•L-1 | B£® | 0.10mol•L-1 | C£® | 1.0mol•L-1 | D£® | 0.50mol•L-1 |