【题目】That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school. Usually, on holiday, mother______ me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it . On this particular morning, ______. I felt like getting up early.

I stood by my window overlooking the ______, having nothing better to do. But as it turned out, I was soon to learn about something ______ in life.

As I watched several people go by, get into their cars and drive off, I ______ an old man on a bicycle with a bucket on its ______and a basket of rags and bottles on its back—carrige. He______ from one ear to another , washing and cleaning them. From the water on the ground, it seemed that he had already ______ washing and cleaning about a dozen or more ears. He must have begun to work quite early in the morning.

Several thoughts ______ my mind as I watched him work. He wasn’t well—dressed. He had on a pair of shorts and a (an)______ T-shirt. The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern ______ would want to be seen riding on. But he seemed ______with life. There he was ,working hard at his small business, ______at passers—by and stopping to chat now and then ______elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.

There was a noticeable touch of ______ in the way he seemed to be ding things ----______ the windscreen(挡风玻璃)，then standing back to admire it，scrubbing(擦净)the wheel and ______, standing back to see what they looked like after the scrub.

It was a ______to learn, I felt. At no age need one have to beg for a ______ if one has good health and is willing to work hard . For a while I felt ______ of myself. Young as I am ----just sixteen, and there was this old man who must have been usefully engaged perhaps before the Sun appeared above the horizon.

【1】 A. forces B. allows C. causes D. forbids

【2】 A. otherwise B. therefore C. however D. besides

【3】 A. parking lot B. bus stop C. school D. market

【4】 A. interesting B. surprising C. awful D. useful

【5】A. noticed B. recognized C. called D. assisted

【6】 A. back B. handle C. wheel D. seat

【7】 A. searched B. left C. moved D. wandered

【8】 A. stopped B. started C. intended D. finished

【9】 A. crossed B. slipped C. disturbed D. inspired

【10】 A. attractive B. shiny C. simple D. expensive

【11】 A. repairmen B. businessmen C. drivers D. cyclists

【12】 A. busy B. content C. careful D. bored

【13】 A. waving B. looking C. laughing D. pointing

【14】 A. about B. for C. with D. like

【15】 A. worry B. respect C. sympathy D. pride

【16】 A. cleaning B. fixing C. replacing D. covering

【17】 A. still B. yet C. again D. soon

【18】 A. lesson B. subject C. skill D. fact

【19】 A．business B. living C. success D. right

【20】 A. tired B. doubtful C. fearful D. ashamed

【题目】（山西省八校2017届高三联合模拟考试）阅读下面的文字，完成下列各题。

自然作为环境与自然作为其自身是完全不一样的。自然作为其自身以自身为本位，与人无关。而自然作为环境，它就失去了自己的本体性，成为人的价值物。一方面，它是人的对象，相对于实在的人，它外在于人。但另一方面，当它参与人的价值创造时，就不是人的对象，而是人的一部分，或者说是人的另一体，在这个意义上，环境与人不可分。自然当其作为人的价值物时，主要有两种情况：一是作为资源，二是作为环境。资源主要分为生产资源和生活资源。人要生存和发展，必须要向自然获取生产资源和生活资源，但是必须有个限度，超出限度就可能造成整个生态平衡的严重破坏或某些资源的枯竭。一般来说，环境比资源外延要大，但更重要的是，资源是人掠夺的对象，而环境是人的家园。从自然界掠夺资源，不管手段如何，人与自然的关系是对立的；而将自然界看成环境，不管这里的自然条件如何，人总是力求实现与自然的和谐。

对于当今人类来说，重要的是要将自然看成我们的家。家，不只是物质性的概念，还是精神性的概念。环境美的根本性质是家园感，家园感主要表现为环境对人的亲和性、生活性和人对环境的依恋感、归属感。家的首要功能是居住，居住可以分为三个层级：宜居、利居、乐居。当前各地都在创建人类的宜居环境，提出建设花园城市，保护历史文化名城等诸多主张，但“宜居”在城市功能的各层次中，只是基础，重在环境保护。而“利居”仍然没有摆脱将环境当作资源的观念。环境一旦成为利用的对象，它与人的关系就存在某种对立。只有“乐居”，人与环境的关系才不是对立的，而是和谐的，而且这种和谐具有亲缘性、情感性、文化性。亲缘性，说明环境与人共生的关系。情感性，说明环境与人的内在心理的关系。文化性，说明乐居具有丰富而又深刻的文化意味，浓缩提炼了人类文明的精华，真正体现了家园感。

家园感的实现离不开对环境进行建设。环境建设有两种指导理念：一是功利的原则，二是审美的原则。两个原则必须是统一的，且应以审美原则为主导，也就是说可以将工程建设转为景观建设，让工程既有利于人们的生产与生活，又有利于人类的审美。此外，家园感的实现也离不开环境保护。环境保护一是需要科学技术，二是需要理念。在诸多关于环境保护的理念中，“审美的环境保护”理念有积极意义。这里“美”的构成是丰富的，既有来自生态方面自然方面的美，也有文明方面的人工的美。这样，“审美的环境保护”不仅包含了以生态平衡为最高原则的科学的“真”的保护，而且高于“真”的保护。比如，城市中的湖水被污染了，按“真”的保护，主要在治理污染，在一定程度上恢复它的生态平衡；而按审美的保护原则，不仅要治理污染，还要进一步做一些美化，如湖岸栽花、湖中养鱼建亭等。

环境作为人的家园，既是空间的，也是历史的。我们应该适度开发自然资源，高度重视保护自然资源，并努力建造乐居的环境。（摘编自陈望衡《环境美学的当代使命》）

【1】下列有关“环境”和“资源”的表述，不符合原文意思的一项是（）

A．作为环境的自然与作为资源的自然都是人的价值物，参与到人的价值创造中。但二者又有所不同。

B．自然作为环境，失去了自己的本体性，成为人的家园。这种情况下，人总是力求实现与自然的和谐。

C．资源外延小于环境，主要分为生产资源和生活资源。只有改变获取资源的手段，才能使人与自然不再对立。

D．自然作为资源，可以满足人生存和发展的需求，是人掠夺的对象，而不加限制地掠夺会造成严重的后果。

【2】下列对原文第二段内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（）

A．家的功能是居住。人类对家的居住功能的追求表现在三个方面，分别是宜居、利居、乐居，其中宜居是基础。

B．利居，仍然把环境作为利用的对象，即重视自然作为资源的价值，忽略自然作为环境的价值。

C．乐居既要体现人与环境的共生关系，又要满足居住者对环境的情感认同，还要体现深厚的文化感，三者缺一不可。

D．环境对人的亲和性与人对环境的依恋感是家园感的表现。乐居满足了人在环境方面的全面需要，因而乐居是环境建设的最高目标。

【3】根据原文的内容，下列理解和分析不正确的一项是（）

A．由于资源的枯竭会危及人的生存，所以人类要高度重视保护自然环境。但与此同时，适度开发自然资源的工作也不能停。

B．湖岸植树栽花，湖中养鱼建亭等保护环境的做法，不仅美化了我们的空间，而且也让家园感具有了持续性。

C．环境建设的指导原则应强调功利与审美的统一。例如，可以将工程建设转成景观建设，也就是将审美理念融入工程规划中。

D．“审美的环境保护”理念中“美”的构成是丰富的，它高于科学的“真”的保护，因而保护环境首先要考虑人工美的因素。

【题目】Finding your first job after leaving school，college or university is probably the hardest job hunting exercise you’ll ever face. However, there are some simple methods that can give you advantages over other first time job seekers.

First time job seekers have the hardest time in finding their first job. In the case of graduates, many universities will have dedicated placement personnel who will assist students in finding their first job. Specialist tutors are also likely to have a network of individuals in the commercial world who might occasionally take on recent graduates, so never underestimate the help that you can get from this area. It’s always worth asking your fellow students where they spent any job placement years and you can see if it’s worth approaching any of those companies. People generally like to help others, so don’t be afraid to ask for any assistance that you can get freely like this.

Similarly, if school and college leavers have an interest in a particular subject, they should talk to their teacher or lecturer in that subject and discuss career options. It could be that they could point you in the right direction by at least identifying companies that could use your particular skills.

The problem that many younger people have is that they simply don’t know what they want to do once they have finished their education. Therefore, it’s important for anyone leaving education to understand their own strengths and to determine what their particular skills are. The student job seekers shoul put a CV (履历) together based on what they’d like the employer to consider. Highlight your education, but instead of focusing on the actual qualifications and talk about the amount of learning that was involved. If you have completed any kind of work during your student work, be certain to mention it and what you gained from it.

Although a CV isn’t the only factor in helping you find your first job, it’s still a potential door-opener, so you should make it a document that is a compelling sales tool for you.

【1】 From the passage we learn that _______.

A. graduates often underestimate the help from specialist tutors

B. it is definite that first time job seekers will fail several times

C. a first time job seeker needn’t emphasize his education while looking for jobs

D. it is important for first time job seekers to learn some simple methods

【2】 While looking for their first job, graduates are advised to refer to _______.

A. specialist tutors and their parents

B. managers of different companies

C. specialist tutors and their fellow students

D. placement personnel and employers

【3】Why is it important for school and college leavers to determine their particular skills?

A. Because it can help them find a job suitable for them.

B. Because their teachers will ask them to talk about the skills.

C. Because their lecturers will give them a lecture about the skills.

D. Because most of them don’t know about their particular skills.

【4】 What do we know about a CV of first time job seekers?

A. A CV should focus on actual qualifications.

B. The amount of learning needn’t be mentioned in a CV.

C. It is necessary to mention the work they have completed at school in a CV.

D. People needn’t care about a CV because it isn’t important.

【5】 What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Overcome difficulties in finding jobs

B. Find your first job

C. Meet your first employer

D. Make a successful job interview

【题目】用所给词的正确形式填空

【1】 It is a great honour __________ (invite) to attend the opening ceremony.

【2】 The novel is said __________ (publish) next month.

【3】 My mother is not easy __________ (persuade).

【4】 The volunteer will show you the right path __________ (take).

【5】 They still have many difficulties __________ (over-come).

【6】 "Are there any more clothes __________ (wash)?” asked Mum.

【7】 He asked __________ (send) to Yushu to help the local people.

【8】 Tom refused __________ (accompany) by his father to school.

【9】 My little sister would love __________ (take) to watch the movie 2012.

【10】 Could you please give me something __________ (eat)?

【题目】翻译句子

【1】 他要求把这封信马上寄出去。

He wanted the letter __________ __________ __________ at once.

【2】 他被选上学校足球队队长后非常激动。

He was thrilled __________ __________ __________ __________ as captain of the school football team.

【3】 据说他们在医院里正受到良好的照顾。

They are said __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ in the hospital.

【4】 我明天要到北京去，你有要买的东西吗？

I am going to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have any-thing __________ __________ __________ ？

【5】他认为应邀参加这个聚会是一种荣幸。

He thought it an honour __________ __________ __________ __________ to the party.

【题目】阅读下面的文字，回答问题。

有一些科学家不同意“演习说”。他们指出，游戏行为并不限于幼小动物，成年动物也同样需要。他们举出不少成年动物游戏的例子。对于成年动物来说，不存在用游戏来演习生活的需要。他们还指出，有些动物的游戏与生存适应毫无关系。这些科学家认为，动物游戏是为了“自我娱乐”，而“自我娱乐”是动物天性的表现，正像捕食、逃避敌害、繁殖行为等是动物的天性一样。越是进化程度高、智力发达的动物，这种“自我娱乐”的天性越强。游戏正是这种自我娱乐的集中表现。通过自得其乐的游戏，使动物紧张的自然竞争生活得到某种调剂和补偿，使它们在生理上、心理上容易保持平衡，从而得到一定的自我安抚和自我保护。因而，不仅幼小动物，成年动物也需要游戏。以上假说可以称为“自娱说”。

不久前，美国加州大学神经生理学家汉斯·特贝、哈佛大学社会生物学家斯塔·阿特曼等提出一种引人注目的新假说——“学习说”。他们认为，游戏是一种实践性很强的学习行为。特贝曾经在卡那里群岛上研究黑猩猩的学习行为。他发现，如果给黑猩猩一根棍子，它们就会用棍子做出各种游戏行为：会用棍子互相赶来赶去，像人们赶鸭子似的；也会用棍子去取挂着的食物。经历过这种游戏的黑猩猩，在今后生活中容易学会使用棍子。同样，“捉迷藏”和追逐游戏，也使动物学会利用有利地形保护自己的本领。游戏的实践性强，能产生直接的效果反馈，对锻炼动物的速度、敏捷、躲藏能力、争斗能力和利用环境的能力很有效。游戏向动物提供了大量机会，使它们能把自身的各种天赋技能和复杂的自然环境、社会环境巧妙地结合起来，因而无论对幼小动物还是成年动物，游戏都是一种十分重要的学习行为。

美国爱达荷大学的约翰·贝叶和加拿大动物学家保尔·赖特认为，游戏不仅是学习，而且是“锻炼”。因此，这两位学者提出“锻炼说”来补充“学习说”。

这几种假说，哪一种更有道理?动物的游戏，究竟是为了“演习”，为了“自娱”，为了“学习”，还是为了“锻炼”?研究者们各执己见，众说纷纭。

【1】结合文章，简要说明“自娱说”科学家是如何理解动物游戏的原因的。

【2】请简要概括“学习说”的主要观点。

【3】结合科普文的特点以及文章内容，探究本文为何没有确定的结论。

【题目】—Jason, you need to refresh yourself with a cup of coffee.

—Yeah, I went to bed very late last night, __________，early this morning.

A. rather than

B. what's more

C. or rather

D. what's worse

【题目】A black and white kitten with a broken back lay on animal doctor Betsy Knenon's examination table. A regular customer had rushed him to her office after his pet dog brought the cat home in his mouth. The dog's owner was horrified, believing that his pet had caused the cat's injuries. But Kennon found no teeth marks or bite wounds, which showed that the dog had probably saved, not harmed, the kitten.

In Kennon’s opinion, however, the cat was a hopeless case. Many doctors would have put down such a badly hurt animal. But she couldn’t be so cruel. The kitten’s bright eyes and sad face had won her over. There was no way of finding his owner, so Kennon, a single woman aged 56, decided to keep him.

She gave him a round of shots and fed him food mixed with medicines. He couldn’t move his back legs but soon started pulling himself forward with his front legs. The doctor named him Scooter and contacted a company that makes carts for disabled animals. Scooter took to his new wheels like a natural. In no time he was able to move freely, if somewhat awkwardly, around Kennon’s office, home and even her backyard. The sight of the determined Scooter was uplifting and amusing in equal measure and Kennon had to smile each time the cat entered the room.

Kennon was convinced that her kitten could share his high spirits with others. So she took Scooter to the local hospital to see if he could help the patients. His first patient was an elderly woman who’d had a stroke and hadn’t spoken to anyone for two days. Scooter jumped out of Kennon’s arms and onto the bed, rolled over to the patient, and lay gently near her cheek, purring softly. The woman looked at Scooter. “Kitty,” she murmured as she began to talk to him. Amazed, Kennon turned to the doctor--- and saw that she was in tears. The cat had engineered a small miracle.

Today Scooter spends about ten hours a month working with patients who are recovering from strokes and injuries. Again and again, Kennon watches as her cat provides hope and comfort. As one patient who’d lost her leg in a car accident said, “If he can do it, so can I.”

【1】 From Paragraph 1, we know that ___________.

A. the dog’s owner was a stranger to Kennon

B. the cat had several bite marks on its body

C. the dog was extremely cruel to the cat

D. who actually injured the cat was unknown

【2】 The underlined phrase “put down” in Paragraph 2 most probably means___________.

A. hurt

B. killed

C. refused

D. replaced

【3】 Why did Kennon decide to keep the cat?

A. She wanted a companion.

B. The cat’s owner abandoned him.

C. She liked the cat.

D. The cat was hopeless.

【4】 How did Kennon help the cat move around?

A. By curing his broken back.

B. By getting him a special cart.

C. By feeding him medicines.

D. By exercising him in her backyard.

【5】 According to the passage, what is the main reason that the cat works miracle?

A. He is able to inspire others.

B. Patients feel sympathy for him.

C. People are amused by his appearance.

D.He has the ability to cure the ill.

【题目】The fridge is __________ for one year. It means that the company that makes it promises to repair or replace it if it breaks down within a year.

A. satisfied

B. guaranteed

C. recognized

D. proved

【题目】We haven't seen each other for many years, so I am quite __________ the plan that we should have a party this weekend.

A. in place of

B. in favour of

C. in honour of

D. in need of