题目内容

【题目】Finding your first job after leaving school,college or university is probably the hardest job hunting exercise youll ever face. However, there are some simple methods that can give you advantages over other first time job seekers.

First time job seekers have the hardest time in finding their first job. In the case of graduates, many universities will have dedicated placement personnel who will assist students in finding their first job. Specialist tutors are also likely to have a network of individuals in the commercial world who might occasionally take on recent graduates, so never underestimate the help that you can get from this area. It’s always worth asking your fellow students where they spent any job placement years and you can see if it’s worth approaching any of those companies. People generally like to help others, so don’t be afraid to ask for any assistance that you can get freely like this.

Similarly, if school and college leavers have an interest in a particular subject, they should talk to their teacher or lecturer in that subject and discuss career options. It could be that they could point you in the right direction by at least identifying companies that could use your particular skills.

The problem that many younger people have is that they simply don’t know what they want to do once they have finished their education. Therefore, it’s important for anyone leaving education to understand their own strengths and to determine what their particular skills are. The student job seekers shoul put a CV (履历) together based on what theyd like the employer to consider. Highlight your education, but instead of focusing on the actual qualifications and talk about the amount of learning that was involved. If you have completed any kind of work during your student work, be certain to mention it and what you gained from it.

Although a CV isn’t the only factor in helping you find your first job, it’s still a potential door-opener, so you should make it a document that is a compelling sales tool for you.

【1】 From the passage we learn that _______.

A. graduates often underestimate the help from specialist tutors

B. it is definite that first time job seekers will fail several times

C. a first time job seeker needn’t emphasize his education while looking for jobs

D. it is important for first time job seekers to learn some simple methods

【2】 While looking for their first job, graduates are advised to refer to _______.

A. specialist tutors and their parents

B. managers of different companies

C. specialist tutors and their fellow students

D. placement personnel and employers

【3】Why is it important for school and college leavers to determine their particular skills?

A. Because it can help them find a job suitable for them.

B. Because their teachers will ask them to talk about the skills.

C. Because their lecturers will give them a lecture about the skills.

D. Because most of them don’t know about their particular skills.

【4】 What do we know about a CV of first time job seekers?

A. A CV should focus on actual qualifications.

B. The amount of learning needn’t be mentioned in a CV.

C. It is necessary to mention the work they have completed at school in a CV.

D. People needn’t care about a CV because it isn’t important.

【5】 What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Overcome difficulties in finding jobs

B. Find your first job

C. Meet your first employer

D. Make a successful job interview

【答案】【1】D

【2】C

【3】A

【4】C

【5】B

【解析】【1】 推理判断题。根据第一段. . . there are some simple methods that can give you advantages. . . 可知,答案为D。

【2】 细节理解题。根据第二段Specialist tutors are also likely to have a network of individuals. . . Its always worth asking your fellow students. . . 可知,答案为C。

【3】 推理判断题。根据第三段. . . they could point you in the right direction. . . 和第四段The problem. . . that they simply dont know what they want to do. . . 可知,答案为A。

【4】 细节理解题。根据第四段If you have completed any kind of work during your student work, be certain to mention it. . . 可知,答案为C。

【5】 主旨大意题。本文作者给正在找第一份工作的年轻人提供了一些有益的建议,故答案为B。

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【题目】A desire, wish, hope, expect, want long 填空

1 I __________ you can get on well with your new friends.

2 I __________ had worked out the problem in the examination.

3 The boy __________ to be forgiven.

4 We __________ plenty of sleep, not studying all the time.

5 We are all __________ for peace.

6 The Queen __________ to see the newly-elected Prime Minister David Cameron.

B. alarm, terrify frighten 填空

7 They __________ were __________ by the storm.

8 All the miners were greatly __________.

9 Don't __________ the poor man.

C. event, affair, accident, incident matter 填空

10 The football fans behaved well, and the game was played without __________.

11 This is a really important __________.

12 World War I was one of the most important __________ in the history of mankind.

13 I'm sorry about breaking the vase—it was an __________

14 They were accused of interfering in China's internal __________.

D. announcedeclare填空

15 The chairman __________ the meeting closed.

16 Everyone was silent as he __________ the winner of the competition.

E. sympathy pity 填空

17 He felt __________ for the man who is starving.

18 Every person in trouble wants __________.

F. absurd ridiculous 填空

19 It's clear to everybody that this idea is __________.

20 How __________ You blame it on me!

G. company accompany 填空

21 She __________ her friend to the concert.

22 My dog will keep me __________ when I am feeling lonely.

【题目】A black and white kitten with a broken back lay on animal doctor Betsy Knenon's examination table. A regular customer had rushed him to her office after his pet dog brought the cat home in his mouth. The dog's owner was horrified, believing that his pet had caused the cat's injuries. But Kennon found no teeth marks or bite wounds, which showed that the dog had probably saved, not harmed, the kitten.

In Kennon’s opinion, however, the cat was a hopeless case. Many doctors would have put down such a badly hurt animal. But she couldn’t be so cruel. The kitten’s bright eyes and sad face had won her over. There was no way of finding his owner, so Kennon, a single woman aged 56, decided to keep him.

She gave him a round of shots and fed him food mixed with medicines. He couldn’t move his back legs but soon started pulling himself forward with his front legs. The doctor named him Scooter and contacted a company that makes carts for disabled animals. Scooter took to his new wheels like a natural. In no time he was able to move freely, if somewhat awkwardly, around Kennon’s office, home and even her backyard. The sight of the determined Scooter was uplifting and amusing in equal measure and Kennon had to smile each time the cat entered the room.

Kennon was convinced that her kitten could share his high spirits with others. So she took Scooter to the local hospital to see if he could help the patients. His first patient was an elderly woman who’d had a stroke and hadn’t spoken to anyone for two days. Scooter jumped out of Kennon’s arms and onto the bed, rolled over to the patient, and lay gently near her cheek, purring softly. The woman looked at Scooter. “Kitty,” she murmured as she began to talk to him. Amazed, Kennon turned to the doctor--- and saw that she was in tears. The cat had engineered a small miracle.

Today Scooter spends about ten hours a month working with patients who are recovering from strokes and injuries. Again and again, Kennon watches as her cat provides hope and comfort. As one patient who’d lost her leg in a car accident said, “If he can do it, so can I.”

【1】 From Paragraph 1, we know that ___________.

A. the dog’s owner was a stranger to Kennon

B. the cat had several bite marks on its body

C. the dog was extremely cruel to the cat

D. who actually injured the cat was unknown

【2】 The underlined phrase “put down” in Paragraph 2 most probably means___________.

A. hurt

B. killed

C. refused

D. replaced

【3】 Why did Kennon decide to keep the cat?

A. She wanted a companion.

B. The cat’s owner abandoned him.

C. She liked the cat.

D. The cat was hopeless.

【4】 How did Kennon help the cat move around?

A. By curing his broken back.

B. By getting him a special cart.

C. By feeding him medicines.

D. By exercising him in her backyard.

【5】 According to the passage, what is the main reason that the cat works miracle?

A. He is able to inspire others.

B. Patients feel sympathy for him.

C. People are amused by his appearance.

D.He has the ability to cure the ill.

【题目】阅读下面的文字,完成后面小题。

种子萌芽从汲取水分开始,种子首先膨胀,胚部接着生长。发芽就像分娩,一旦启动就是个不可逆的过程,因此发芽的时机攸关生死,种子早已演化出各式各样的手段找对时机。杨树和柳树的种子寿命极短,若没有在散播后几个小时内找到湿泥地,就会死亡。热带雨林中,许多树木结的大型种子如果没有在几周内发芽,就会腐败。对这些物种来说,要掌握正确的发芽时机,得先掌握正确的结子时机,因为种子一旦成熟,保存期限是很短的。

一年中,若季节气候对种子来说太干燥或太寒冷,不利于发芽,种子就进入休眠,等待不适宜的气候过去。

如果将植物行为以精巧度衡量,扁蓄的发芽行为只有初级程度。扁蓄是长在耕地和花园中的杂草,种子先天为休眠型,未经冬天不会发芽。土壤中的种子在冬季感受到低温,打破休眠状态,预备好在春天来临、土壤回暖时发芽。没有在五月发芽的种子,又逐渐进入休眠状态,静待另一波寒意来临,准备好再次发芽。扁蓄的行为其实相当合理,称为初级程度好像不太公平,更何况相似的植物还不少,许多杂草也有依季节循环的休眠期和发芽期。

另一种相当常见的杂草则要比扁蓄技高一筹,那就是羊腿藜。羊腿藜在年初结不休眠的种子,产季时则结休眠的种子。有了年初生产的种子,这年的羊腿藜就有更多子代,后来所结的种子则安然保存至明春。

一年生植物的种子发芽机制就更精巧了,这些植物会打赌冬天冷不冷,许多冬季一年生植物,像雀麦草,都是在秋天发芽,这样做的风险是冬天的寒霜很可能冻死幼苗。但如果存活下来,就有了回报,因为比起其他春天才发芽的种子,这些幼苗抢先一步发育成长,能长得比较大,结的种子也多得多。冬季一年生植物也懂得分散风险,让部分种子在冬季休眠、春天发芽。比起熬过冬天的幼苗,这些春天发芽的种子长出的植株比较小、结的种子也比较少,但是存活的几率通常大一些。由于某几年的冬天比较冷,某几年比较不冷,所以有时不休眠种子长得好,有时休眠种子胜算大。

目前为止所谈的发芽行为,精巧程度都还不及格。种子还能从其他线索得到更精确的讯息,以决定什么时候发芽。许多像莴苣一类的种子,对光很敏感,在黑暗中不会发芽,即使温度和湿度都很恰当。这样的机制可以避免那些被埋得很深的、没有机会到达土壤表层的种子发芽。而只要一丝阳光,就能让种子自休眠中苏醒。替菜圃翻土会让阳光传递讯息给土壤中许多对光敏感的杂草种子,让它们知道接近土壤表层了。

很多种子的招数更了不起。植物可借由远古演化而来的光感受体(即光敏素分子)感知光线。光敏感分子有两种形式,可彼此转换。一种称为Pr,吸收红光后转换成另一种形式,称为Pfr,Pfr吸收远红光后再转回Pr型分子。Pr对Pfr的比率是由接受多少这两种不同波长的光而定。这种Pr对Pfr的比率提供了地方环境的讯息,对植物来说极为重要。未被遮蔽的日光,红光/远红光的比率为1,然而,阳光穿过树叶后,大部分红光为树叶吸收,这时比率远小于1。植物透过Pr对Pfr比率能侦测到光的改变。由此,植物利用光敏素察觉邻近植物的位置,调整自己的生长以避开邻近植物。同样,种子如果暴露在透光叶子照射的阳光中,就不发芽。与其在其他植物的遮蔽下发芽、长出难以存活的幼苗,还不如维持休眠状态。

光敏素有个缺点,就是在黑暗环境中无用武之地。因此只有位于土壤表层或接近表层的种子能加以利用,侦测竞争对手是否环伺在侧。不过还有另一种线索,能让深埋土中的种子知道上方有没有一线生机。土壤表层的植物,例如草类,就像一层隔绝物,调节土壤内种子感受温度的范围。光裸的土壤表层没有这层隔绝物,所以底下的种子会感受到强烈的温度起伏,许多种子就从这种温度起伏中得知土壤表面是光裸的。如果感受到温度起伏,种子就会在春天发芽;而如果感受到的温度很平稳,没有高低起伏,种子就不发芽。

(选自【英】乔纳森·西尔弗顿著、徐嘉妍译《种子的故事》,商务印书馆,2014年,有删改)

【1】简要分析文中画线部分的语言特色。

2作者认为有些种子发芽行为的精巧程度还不及格。请写出这些种子的发芽行为。

3翻土可以除掉土壤表层的杂草,但是翻动过的土壤有时反而长出更多的杂草。请用文中观点解释这种现象。

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