题目内容

【题目】阅读下面这首词,回答问题。

小重山·端午

【元】舒頔

碧艾香蒲处处忙。谁家儿共女,庆端阳。细缠五色臂丝①长。空惆怅,谁复吊沅湘②。

往事莫论量。千年忠义气,日星光。《离骚》读罢总堪伤。无人解,树转午阴凉。

【注】①五色臂丝:荆楚风俗,端午节以五彩丝系臂。②沅湘:沅水和湘水。湘水支流中有汩罗江。

(1)从全词看,“空惆怅”和“无人解”分别表达了作者怎样的思想感情?

(2)这首词最突出的表现手法是什么?请分别结合上阕和下阕作简要分析。

【答案】(1)空惆怅:慨叹世人忙于节日的喜庆,而不理解或淡忘了端午节厚重的历史内涵,表达了作者对爱国诗人屈原的怀念之情。无人解:抒发了作者不为世俗所理解的孤寂落寞的情怀,也表达了对屈原忠义气节的崇敬。(2)对比。上阕中众人的繁忙喜庆和作者的独自惆怅形成对比;下阕中世人对屈原的不理解和作者读《离骚》的深切感伤形成对比。

【解析】(1)本题考查对关键词语所表达的思想感情的理解。解答时要抓住关键词句,如抓住“谁复吊沅湘”和“树转午阴凉”等理解作者的情感。(2)本题考查对诗歌艺术手法的鉴赏,首先要准确判断使用了哪种手法,然后结合诗句具体分析。题干中说“分别结合上阕和下阕作简要分析”,这就提示了分析的范围,说明这种手法整首词中都有运用。

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【题目】阅读下面的文字,回答问题。

乔家大院——北方民居建筑史上一颗璀璨的明珠

①山西,素以地上文物之丰、地下能源之巨著称。而今,又以大量传统民居建筑艺术的不断发现而令世人瞩目,其中最为出名的就是乔家大院。

②乔家大院位于山西省祁县乔家堡村,北距太原54千米,南距东观镇仅2千米。它又名“在中堂”,是清代全国著名的商业金融资本家乔致庸的宅第。始建于清代乾隆年间,以后曾有两次增修,一次扩建,于民国初年建成一座宏伟的建筑群体。

③大院为全封闭的城堡式建筑群,占地10642平方米,建筑面积4175平方米,分6个大院,20个小院,313 间房屋。大院三面临街,不与周围民居相连。外围是封闭的砖墙,高10米有余,上层是女墙式的垛口,还有更楼、眺阁点缀其间,显得气势宏伟,威严高大。大门坐西朝东,上有高大的顶楼,中间是城门洞式的门道,大门对面是砖雕百寿图照壁。大门以里,是一条石铺的东西走向的甬道,甬道两侧靠墙围台,甬道尽头是祖先祠堂,与大门遥遥相对,为庙堂式结构。北面三个大院,都是芜廊出檐大门,暗棂暗柱,三大开间,车轿出入绰绰有余,门外侧有拴马柱和上马石,从东往西数,依次为老院、西北院、书房院。所有院落都是正偏结构,正院主人居住,偏院则是客房、佣人住室及灶房。在建筑上偏院较为低矮,房顶结构也大不相同,正房都为瓦房出檐,偏院则为方砖铺顶的平房,既表现了伦理上的尊卑有序,又显示了建筑上的层次感。大院有主楼四座,门楼、更楼、眺楼六座。各院房顶有走道相通,便于夜间巡更护院。

④纵观乔家大院,斗拱飞檐,彩饰金绘,建筑考究,工艺精湛,整体呈“囍”字形,集中体现了我国清代北方民居的独特风格。因此这座大院被专家学者誉为“北方民居建筑史上一颗璀璨的明珠”。

⑤皇家有故宫,民宅看乔家。如今,乔家大院业已成为中外闻名的民俗胜地,而且,也成为许多影视剧拍摄时争抢镜头的宝地。

【1】如果说第③段中的一系列数字真实而准确地说明了乔家大院建筑群庞大而有序,那么文中画线句则运用_______的说明方法,生动而形象地突出了___________。

【2】第①段末句“其中最为出名的就是乔家大院”在全文结构上有什么作用?

【3】文章第⑤段能否删掉?为什么?

【4】电视连续剧《乔家大院》热播后,这颗“璀璨的明珠”更加光彩夺目。请你为乔家大院这座三晋名宅拟一则广告宣传语,要求语言简明生动,有一定创意。(不要用原文语句)

【题目】 On a sunny day last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.

Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search a football. Once they’d rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for

it and the boat was out of control.

Tim knew it would soon be swallowed by the waves.

“Everything went quiet in my head,” Tim recalls(回忆). “I’m trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.”

Tim took off his clothes and jumped into the water. Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress. “At one point, I considered turning back,” he says. “I wondered if I was putting my life at risk.” After 30 minutes of struggling, he was close enough to yell to the boys, “Take down the umbrella!”

“Let’s aim for the pier(码头),” Jack said. Tim turned the boat toward it. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it began to sink. “Can you guys swim?” he cried. “A little bit,” the boys said.

Once they were in the water, Tim decided it would be safer and faster for him to pull the boys toward the pier. Christian and Jack were wearing life jackets and floated on their backs. Tim swam toward land as water washed over the boys’ faces.

“Are we almost there?” they asked again and again. “Yes,” Tim told them each time.

After 30 minutes, they reached the pier.

【1】 Why did the two boys go to the sea?

A. To go boat rowing

B. To get back their football.

C. To swim in the open water

D. To test the umbrella as a sail.

【2】 What does “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The beach

B. The water

C. The boat

D. The wind

【3】 Why did Tim raise his head regularly?

A. To take in enough fresh air .

B. To consider turning back or not.

C. To check his distance from the boys.

D. To ask the boys to take down the umbrella.

【4】 How can the two boys finally reach the pier?

A. They were dragged to the pier by Tim.

B. They swam to the pier all by themselves.

C. They were washed to the pier by the waves.

D. They were carried to the pier by Tim on his back.

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