题目内容

【题目】阅读下面这首宋词，完成各题。

定风波

苏轼

三月七日，沙湖道中遇雨。雨具先去，同行皆狼狈，余独不觉。已而遂晴，故作此。

莫听穿林打叶声，何妨吟啸且徐行。竹杖芒鞋轻胜马，谁怕？一蓑烟雨任平生。 料峭春风吹酒醒，微冷，山头斜照却相迎。回首向来萧瑟处，归去，也无风雨也无晴。

【1】下列对《定风波》一词的理解，不正确的一项是( )

A．这首词全篇即景抒情，语言自然流畅，蕴含着深刻的人生哲理，体现了东坡词独特的审美风格。

B．这首词借途中遇雨的生活小事，抒写作者苦乐随缘、开朗乐观、意存归隐的人生态度和坦荡胸怀。

C．“莫听”“何妨”两句是作者的人生写照，也是全词的主题，以下词情都是由此而发。

D．“一蓑烟雨任平生”“归去，也无风雨也无晴”两句，表达了词人乐观开朗、积极进取、对仕途风浪无所畏惧的精神。

【2】作者在另一首《独觉》诗中写道：“翛(xiāo，无拘无束，自由自在)然独觉午窗明，欲觉犹闻醉鼾声。回首向来萧瑟处，也无风雨也无晴”。诗的后两句与题中词的后两句大体相同，作者为什么独爱这两句？

【答案】

【1】D

【2】作者之所以独爱这两句诗，在于它反映了带有作者独特个性的心理过程：诗人沐浴着雨后的清新的风光，虽略感凉意，回首刚刚走过的风雨萧瑟处，既已云消雨霁，斜阳也收敛了光辉，一切都已成为过去。经过阵风骤雨，依然轻松平静，自然如此，人生之旅亦然。实写遇雨，暗写的却是自己一生经历政治风雨的内心体验和人生态度。作者在雨中悟出人生哲理，“风雨”即人生坎坷。作者的人生体验与处世态度，就是履险如夷，泰然自若。

【解析】

【1】D项，“乐观开朗、积极进取、对仕途风浪无所畏惧”理解不正确。词句表现了苏轼坦然面对人生风雨，淡然处世的态度。

【2】鉴赏文学作品的形象、语言和表达技巧。能力层级为鉴赏评价D。

解答此题，可从这诗句的本义出发，结合诗句大意分析其在具体语境中的意义。

解答此类题目，重点是读懂诗句大意，然后就题目要求赏析句子，答出句子的表面含义，再回答出句子的情感表达答题时最好采用先具体后概括、或先分析后总结等形式，首先对诗句加以解释，然后再对其作用做总体概括。

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【题目】We are faced with a problem ________ we don’t have enough natural resources.

which

what

that

whose

【题目】Tom came back with a message ________ there would be a test soon.

when

which

as

that

【题目】阅读下面这首宋词，完成各题。

满庭芳夏日溧水无想山作①

周邦彦

凤老莺雏，雨肥梅子，午阴嘉树清圆。地卑山近，衣润费炉烟。人静乌鸢自乐，小桥外、新绿溅溅②。凭阑久，黄芦苦竹，疑泛九江船。

年年，如社燕③，飘流瀚海，来寄修椽。且莫思身外，长近尊④前。憔悴江南倦客，不堪听、急管繁弦。歌筵畔，先安簟枕，容我醉时眠。

【注】①此词乃作者被外放任溧水县令期间在无想山消夏时所作。 ②溅溅：流水声。③社燕：即燕子，春社时飞来，秋社时飞走。 ④尊，通“樽”，酒杯。

【1】下列对这首词的理解和赏析，不正确的两项是（ ）（ ）

A．“风老莺雏”三句，写夏初风物，取景典型，饶有特点，给人成熟饱满之感。

B．乌鸢乐、溪水喧，作者笔下的景物蕴含活力，呈现出清新、自然、美好之态。

C．“黄芦苦竹，疑泛九江船”句是说遍地黄芦苦竹，仿佛自己像遭贬的柳宗元泛舟九江边。

D．“且莫思身外，长近尊前”句有暂时抛开个人荣辱，向酒杯中找寻寄托的意味。

E．“歌筵畔”三句，写在弦歌与美酒中意欲醉眠，表现出渴望归隐的决绝态度。

【2】这首词的下片和晏殊《浣溪沙》《一曲新词酒一杯》的下片都写了“燕”，请分析“燕”在这两首词中分别运用的表现手法及抒发的感情。

【题目】阅读下面这首宋词，完成各题。

鹧鸪天

秦观

枝上流莺和泪闻，新啼痕间旧啼痕。一春鱼鸟无消息，千里关山劳梦魂。

无一语，对芳尊①。安排②肠断到黄昏。甫能③炙得灯儿了，雨打梨花深闭门。

【注】①尊：通“樽”。②安排：听任。③甫能：宋时方言，刚刚，才。

【1】下列对这首词的理解和赏析，不正确的两项是

A．上片前两句写黄莺悲啼，人鸟同悲，景情交融。一个“泪”字，奠定了全词的感情基调。

B．词中的“鱼鸟”指鲤鱼和鸿雁，传说鸿雁、鲤鱼可以传递书信。思妇怨恨丈夫整个春天都没有来过书信。

C．“劳梦魂”三字，指丈夫征戌在千里外，音讯全无，思妇放心不下，只能烦劳魂魄在梦中与丈夫相聚。

D．下片前两句通过写主人公被黄莺鸟唤醒后，默默无语、借酒浇愁，侧面突出她对丈夫的思念之情。

E．“安排肠断到黄昏”一句无奈中见洒脱，与李清照“守着窗儿，独自怎生得黑？”所描述的心态不同。

【2】词的最后两句含蓄蕴藉，历来为人称道，请加以赏析。

【题目】阅读下面的文字，回答问题。

念奴娇·赤壁怀古

苏轼

大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。故垒西边，人道是，三国周郎赤壁。乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，卷起千堆雪。江山如画，一时多少豪杰。

遥想公瑾当年，小乔初嫁了，雄姿英发。羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭。故国神游，多情应笑我，早生华发。人生如梦，一尊还酹江月。

【1】这首词写了哪些景物？有何特点？有何作用？

【2】这首词的下阕集中笔墨怀人，在众多的风流人物中，作者为何仅写周瑜一人？

【3】简要分析这首词的主要艺术特色。

【4】这首词的上阕写景怀人，在众多的风流人物中，作者为什么把怀念的对象锁定为周瑜？

【5】下列对《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》的理解分析，不正确的一项是( )

A．起句写长江给人以雄奇壮丽之感，既写江景，又点明怀古，从大处落笔，气势磅礴，感情饱满。

B．“浪淘尽”三字，含蓄有力地表达了作者凭吊古战场的心情，也蕴含了“是非成败转头空”的意思。

C．“乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，卷起千堆雪”十三字，从形、声、色三方面勾画了古战场的雄奇壮丽。

D．这首词在“怀古”的基础上“伤今”，词作最后回到现实，抒发自我的感伤，感情沉郁而又悲慨。

【题目】下列各句中，没有使用借代修辞手法的一项是

A．羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭

B．想当年，金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎

C．乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，卷起千堆雪

D．倩何人唤取，红巾翠袖，揾英雄泪

【题目】At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was ________.

out of sight

out of reach

out of order

out of place

【题目】In America it is common for children as young as four to participate in organized activities. Piano and ballet lessons, scouts meetings, soccer and softball practices surround their normal school schedules. However, one person is very important in the logistics of how these children are able to get from swimming practice to French lessons: The Soccer Mom. The Soccer Mom is a very important stereotype in American suburban life. The phrase Soccer Mom was first created in 1995 and broadly refers to a married middle-class woman who lives in the suburbs, works outside the home and has school age children. Much of her time is spent managing her children's schedules and transporting them to sporting events and other activities. The image of the Soccer Mom conjures a busy woman who drives a minivan large enough to contain her children, their friends and their sporting equipment. Once they arrive at the sporting event or other activity, the Soccer Mom will stay to watch, serving granola bars and juice to their children after their game or activity is finished.

In America, the roles of mother and of career woman demand opposite responsibilities from a woman. The role of a career woman is to work hard and climb the corporate ladder, while the role of mother often asks women to put her family's interests ahead of her own. The Soccer Mom attempts to straddle this divide, at once balancing her children and their activities with her own life outside her family. The Soccer Mom becomes overburdened with the weight of responsibilities. A 1999 poll states that being stressed out is one of the most frequently mentioned characteristics of a Soccer Mona. Yet without Soccer Moms, who would fill the responsibilities of getting children to where they needed to be?

【1】 The best title for this passage is "_____".

A. The Hectic Lifestyle of Suburban Children

B. The American Family

C. Minivans the Realm of the Soccer Mom

D. Soccer Moms in American Society

【2】 The main role of Soccer Moms is _____.

A. transporting their children

B. buying things for their children

C. pushing their children to achieve

D. a successful career

【3】 Why are American mothers stressed out?

A. Because they are very career centered.

B. Because they work and have children.

C. Because they push their children to achieve.

D. Because their husbands are lazy.

【4】 What is a frequently mentioned characteristic of Soccer Moms?

A. Overburdened.

B. Working outside the home.

C. Having young children.

D. Bringing juice to soccer games.

【5】 What does "Climbing the corporate ladder" mean?

A. Working.

B. Having a career as a woman.

C. Advancing your career.

D. Working in a ladder factory.

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