题目内容

【题目】2010年 4月以来,冰岛南部埃亚菲亚德拉冰川附近火山多次大规模喷火。火山灰在 7000—10000米左右的高空形成了火山灰云团,弥漫到欧洲,给航空业造成了重大损失。读图回答下列各题。

1冰岛火山灰弥漫到欧洲,致使欧洲航空业蒙受巨大损失。其主要动力来自

A. 西风带 B. 北大西洋暖流 C. 极地东风带 D. 东北信风带

2右上图为地壳物质循环示意图,代表此次火山活动的地质过程及形成的岩石是

A. 7,a B. 3,b C. 2,c D. 1,d

【答案】

1A

2B

【解析】

1本题主要考查影响火山灰扩散的因素以及气压带风带的分布。由材料分析可知,冰岛位于欧洲西部,处于北半球的中纬度的西风带,火山灰通过西风带传送至欧洲大陆,故A正确;北大西洋暖流影响海水运动,不会影响火山灰的飘动,故B错误; 极地东风带是东北风,不会将火山灰带到欧洲大陆,故C错误;东北信风带主要位于赤道低气压带和副热带高气压带之间,不会影响该区域,故D错误。故答案选A。

2本题主要考查了岩石圈物质循环。地球内部的岩浆,在岩浆活动过程中上升冷却凝固,形成岩浆岩;地表岩石在外力作用下形成沉积岩;已经生成的岩石,在高温、高压条件下,发生成分和性质的改变,形成变质岩;各类岩石在地下深处发生重熔,又形成新的岩浆。如此周而复始,形成一个完整的岩石圈物质循环过程。岩浆岩只能有岩浆冷却凝固形成,所以图中一个箭头指向的是岩浆岩,对应的是b;沉积岩和变质岩可以相互转化,并且岩浆岩可以直接变为沉积岩和变质岩,因此有两个箭头指向的是沉积岩或变质岩,对应的是c或d;三类岩石都可以重新熔融形成岩浆,因此有三个箭头指向的是岩浆,对应的是a。根据各类岩石形成的地质作用可以判断,数字3代表的为冷却凝固;4、6、7为重熔再生;1、8代表的是外力作用或变质作用;2、5代表的是变质作用或外力作用。读材料可知,此次火山活动的地质过程是岩浆的冷却凝固形成岩浆岩,对应的地质过程是3及形成的岩石是岩浆岩b。结合选项判断,应该选B。

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【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Ensuring that disabled people have an easy life is very important, not just because they are human, like all of us, but because their dignity and social well-being should not be ignored just because of a disability. Disabilities can occur through illness, aging, accidents and other different causes that may happen to anyone or affect us all at some stage in life. 1

We are all human beings and so have the same basic needs. But we should remember that there is a wide range of what we call a disability, and while the basic needs are all the same for everyone, the different lifestyle needs are entirely individual. 2 It is best to find out people’s needs from spending time with them.

3 Even the most attractive homes can feel like a cage, so it makes a huge difference to be able to go out to a park or a shopping center, or to plan a day trip such as a picnic or a trip to the beach. Even if a trip can only be organized one day a month, it is more than nothing and does really make a difference.

If they are interested or able, pets can be great companions. 4 Some may be able to take care of a cat or dog; some prefer goldfish or birds in a cage. Very often, people who are cared for don’t feel that they have the chance to care for someone or something else, so caring for pets can improve their confidence and/span> mental health, which can take their mind off their own troubles.

Do not let pets be their only companions. Book a regular appointment with a social worker to visit them at least once a month. This is to check on their mental and physical health as well as ways of improving their living conditions. 5

A. Plan regular trips.

B. Stay with them in a friend way.

C. It is wise to check the abilities of the individuals.

D. You won’t know if they can help if you don’t ask them.

E. It is important because they may need to talk to someone.

F. Therefore, there is no one-size-fits-all method to improve quality of life.

G. The great thing is that it is not hard to make disabled peopled lives easier.

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