题目内容

【题目】1994年3月,中国政府颁布了《中国21世纪议程——中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》。这是全球第一个国家级的《21世纪议程》。据此回答下列各题。

【1】目前,影响我国可持续发展的最大障碍是

A.长期存在的资源短缺 B.严重的环境问题

C.庞大的人口数量 D.不利的外部环境

【2】我国部分地区的下列措施中,符合可持续发展的是

A.在陡坡地区的耕地实行退耕还林

B.大规模改良草原发展林木生产

C.在塔里木地区大面积植树造林

D.使用材林的采伐量超过其生长速度

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【解析】

试题分析

【1】本题考查中国可持续发展的必然性。中国面临的严峻现实:庞大的人口压力;资源短缺令人担忧:人均少、资源利用率低、生产活动和消费方式不合理,用量增长过快深刻的环境危机:环境污染仍在发展,并迅速由城市向农村蔓延;生态破坏范围在扩大、程度在加剧。庞大的人口压力是我国实施可持续发展的最大困难。所以本题选择C选项。

【2】依据资源保护的意义和治理环境的措施等知识来解答问题.我国人口众多,且人口增长过快,资源相对来说比较贫乏,陡坡开垦容易造成水土流失,实行退耕还林 ,既可以保持水土,又可以获得经济收入,符合可持续发展,A对; 草原地区多属于干旱半干旱气候,降水较少,林木生长需水量大,如果发展林木或大规模植树造林,不仅会破坏原来的植被,而且还会加剧该区域的水资源短缺,导致生态恶化,BC错;采伐量超过其生长速度,会使得森林资源的使用速度超过更新速度,僧林资源会逐渐减少,D错。

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