Question

【题目】阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项。

Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term these specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to (适应) their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.

There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems—the telephone, post office, or transportation—may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.

Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.

Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation. This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick(想家), people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.

【1】According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except _____.

A. language communication

B. weather conditions and customs

C. public service systems

D. homesickness

【2】According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, __________.

A, the fewer difficulties you may have abroad

B. the more difficulties you may have abroad

C. the more money you will earn abroad

D. the less homesick you will feel abroad

【3】The underlined word in the last paragraph mostly probably means ________.

A. being homesick

B. being lost

C. protecting oneself

D. gaining experience

【4】What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Escape unfamiliar environment

B. The feeling of homesickness.

C. Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock.

D. The best way to overcome culture shock: get familiar with the new culture.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】本文讲的是关于文化冲击，引起文化冲击的因素有哪些，如何缓解文化冲击。

【1】 D推理判断题。根据文章第四段第四句“They want to protect themselves for the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security.” 可知想家不会加重文化冲击，人们因为想家而做出的举动还能暂时缓解文化冲击。由第二段可知其他三个因素都能引起文化冲击。

【2】 B细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句 “Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community.”可知最能感受到文化冲击的人是在家乡及社会团体中最成功的人，因为他们一切都要从头开始。故选B。

【3】B词义猜测题。此句的意思是文化冲击会让人产生迷惘的感觉， disorientation. 是迷惘的意思，与B选项being lost意义相近，故选B。

【4】D推理判断题。本段首句说明文化冲击会让人产生迷惘（想家）的感觉，接着作者介绍并否定那些人的解决方法，最后一句“Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.” 作者建议人们很快地熟悉新文化、新环境，获取经验，这才是克服文化冲击最好的方法。A、B项知，只是作者用来阐明自己建议的材料；C项表述有误。故选D。