[题目]电离能是指由气态原子或气态离子失去电子需要的能量.从中性原子中移去第一个电子所需要的能量为第一电离能(I1),移去第二个电子所需要的能量为第二电离能(I2),依此类推.现有5种元素A.B.C.D.E,其中有三种金属元素,一种稀有气体元素,其I1~I3分别如下表.元素I1/eVI2/eVI3/eVA13.023.940.0B4.331.947.8C5.747.471.8D7 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】电离能是指由气态原子或气态离子失去电子需要的能量。从中性原子中移去第一个电子所需要的能量为第一电离能(I1),移去第二个电子所需要的能量为第二电离能(I2),依此类推。现有5种元素A、B、C、D、E,其中有三种金属元素,一种稀有气体元素,其I1~I3分别如下表。

元素	I1/eV	I2/eV	I3/eV
A	13.0	23.9	40.0
B	4.3	31.9	47.8
C	5.7	47.4	71.8
D	7.7	15.1	80.3
E	21.6	41.1	65.2

根据表中数据判断其中的金属元素有 ,稀有气体元素有 ,最活泼的金属元素是 ,显二价的金属元素是。

【答案】BCD E B D

【解析】电离能是指由气态原子或气态离子失去电子需要的能量。电离能越小,说明该原子易失去电子,金属性越强;电离能越大,说明该原子不易失去电子,非金属性越强。表中B、C、D三种元素的第一电离能相对比较小,应该属于金属元素; E元素的第一电离能最大,应该属于稀有气体元素;B元素的第一电离能最小,应该是所列的元素中最活泼的金属元素;D元素第二电离能与第三电离能相差很大,说明D元素的原子很容易失去2个电子,应该是显二价的金属元素。

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