题目内容

【题目】怒江是中国获准被列入世界遗产名录的三江并流中的大河之一。当建设水坝的时代在世界范围内走向终结的时候,中国西部却掀起了修建大坝的浪潮。据悉,国家发展和改革委员会正在研究是否批准在仅存的两条自然生态河流之一——怒江上修筑众多大坝,这引起了社会的广泛关注和争议。据此完成下列各题。

【1】兴起废坝运动,是因为修建水坝可能对环境造成许多不利影响,如

土壤出现盐渍化

河口三角洲淤积缓慢

使海水倒灌,海岸受侵蚀

近海鱼类减少

灌溉

航运

养殖

A.①②③④ B. ①②⑤⑥ C. ③④⑤⑥ D. ②⑤⑥⑦

【2】在怒江进行水电开发遭到众多反对的主要原因有

在怒江建坝截流,可能会破坏生态平衡,导致流域生态环境恶化

落差小,水能不丰富

怒江的水电开发主要是为了西电东送,但由于输电距离远、成本高、沿途损耗大,需要进行认真的经济效益分析

影响和降低其作为世界自然遗产的地质、地貌、生物多样性、珍稀濒危物种以及自然美好价值

A.①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②③④

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【解析】

试题分析:

【1】兴建大坝有积极和消极影响,兴建大坝的积极影响:大坝修建有利于拦蓄水源,提供灌溉用水,有利于兼顾航运,保持下游水量稳定,利于航运通畅;兴建大坝形成水库,可利用水库发展养殖。但大坝兴建会使下游径流量减少,会导致海水倒灌,土壤盐分上升,致使沿海地区土壤出现盐渍化,且海岸会遭到海水侵蚀而后退,水坝拦蓄泥沙,下游河流水量减少,含沙量减小,泥沙淤积减少,河口三角洲淤积缓慢,且水量减少,河流入海口处带来的营养物质(鱼类的饵料)也大大减少,也造成近海鱼类减少。所以兴建大坝主要是不利影响是①②③④

【2】我国建坝技术已是一门成熟的技术,怒江建坝截流可能会破坏生态平衡,导致流域生态环境恶化,影响和降低其作为世界自然遗产的地质、地貌、生态多样性、珍稀濒危物种及自然美好价值,怒江的水电开发主要是为了西电东送,但输电距离远、成本高、沿途损耗大,需要进行认真的经济效益分析。

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【题目】阅读理解

阅读下短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳答案。

Thanksgiving Day is a special holiday in the United States and Canada. Families and friends gather to eat and give thanks for God’s blessing.

Thanksgiving Day is really a harvest festival. That is why it’s celebrated in late autumn. But the first Thanksgiving Day in America had nothing to do with a good harvest. On December 4, 1619, the Pilgrims from England landed near what is now Charles City, Virginia. They knelt down and thanked God for their safe journey across the Atlantic.

The first Thanksgiving Day in New England did celebrate a rich harvest. The Pilgrims landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620. They had a difficult time and the first winter was cruel. Many of the Pilgrims died. But the next year, they had a good harvest. So Governor Bradford declared a three-day feast(盛宴). The Pilgrims invited Indian friends to join them for their special feast. Everyone brought food.

After that, other colonies(殖民地)began to celebrate the day of thanksgiving. But it took years before there was a national Thanksgiving Day. During the Civil War, Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded Abraham Lincoln to do something about it. He proclaimed(宣布)the last Thursday of November, 1863 as the day of thanksgiving. Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November. Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving Day in much the same way as their American neighbours do. But Thanksgiving Day in Canada falls on the second Monday in October.

【1】Thanksgiving Day is celebrated .

A.in spring B.in summer

C.in autumn D.in winter

【2】We can infer from the passage that New England must be________.

A.in America B.in Great Britain

C.in Canada D. on an island off the Atlantic

【3】Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Thanksgiving Day used to be a holiday to celebrate a good harvest.

B. Abraham Lincoln was not the first to decide on a day for celebrating Thanksgiving Day.

C. American and Indian people celebrated Thanksgiving Day to express their thanks to God.

D. There’s little difference in the way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day between America and Canada.

【4】The passage mainly tells us .

A. how Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in America

B. how Thanksgiving Day came into being

C. Thanksgiving Day is in fact a harvest holiday

D. how the way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day changed with time and places

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