题目内容
【题目】
There are a lot of interesting things living in the sea. There are many types of fish and many other animals. There are also many types of plants. There are even some animals which have a lot in common with you. They are mammals living in the sea. How much do you know about creatures that live in the sea? Do you want to know more about the food chain（链）in the sea?
In the sea, all sea creatures get food from other sea creatures. At the first link of the food chain are the sea plants and plankton (浮游生物). Plants are found only in the sunlight zone where there is enough light for them, however, animals are found at all depths of the oceans though their numbers are greater near the surface where food is enough. Many kinds of fish and animals, such as the snail, shrimp, jellyfish, and sea star eat the plankton. The small animals and fish that eat plankton then become food for larger fish, such as the tuna and mackerel. These fish are then eaten by larger fish and animals, such as the shark and dolphin. The shark and dolphin are at the top of the food chain in the sea. Sharks are very dangerous so many people are eaten by them in the sea. But why the number of the shark is becoming smaller and smaller? And who eats the shark? Check out the menu at a seafood restaurant next time you are eating there. Don't be surprised if you find shark on the menu.
【1】The underlined word “creatures” means ______.
A. 维持B. 生物C. 奇特D. 藻类
【2】Which is NOT true?
A. Animals are found at all depths of the oceans
B. Plants are found only in the sunlight zone
C. The large animals become food for small ones.
D. The shark and dolphin are at the top of the food chain in the sea
【3】Plankton is food for ______.
A. the snailB. shrimpC. sea star and jellyfishD. All the above
【4】______ are at the top of the food.
A. The sea plantsB. The small fishC. PeopleD. The shark and dolphin
【5】What’s the passage mainly talk about?
A. The sea plantsB. Food Chain in the Sea
C. Dangerous sharksD. Colorful Sea Animals
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】D
【4】C
【5】B
【解析】
海里生活着各种各样的生物，有植物、鱼和其他的动物。你对海洋生物了解多少？这篇短文中作者给我们介绍了海洋里的食物链。
【1】词义猜测题。根据这个单词所在的语境There are many types of fish and many other animals. There are also many types of plants. There are even some animals which have a lot in common with you. They are mammals living in the sea.可知，这几句话列举了生活在海洋里的各种生物，如很多种类的鱼和其他动物、植物、哺乳动物等。故creature的意思应该是“生物”，故选B。
【2】推理判断题。根据短文第二段中The small animals and fish that eat plankton then become food for larger fish, such as the tuna and mackerel. These fish are then eaten by larger fish and animals, such as the shark and dolphin.可知，小的动物和鱼被更大的鱼吃掉；这些鱼又被比他们更大的鱼吃掉，如鲨鱼和海豚。C选项说“大动物成为小动物的食物”，与文意不符，故选C。
【3】细节理解题。根据短文第二段中Many kinds of fish and animals, such as the snail, shrimp, jellyfish, and sea star eat the plankton.可知，很多种类的鱼还有蜗牛、虾、水母和海星都吃浮游生物，因此A、B和C三个选项都对，选D。
【4】推理判断题。根据文意和短文第二段的最后But why the number of the shark is becoming smaller and smaller? And who eats the shark? Check out the menu at a seafood restaurant next time you are eating there. Don't be surprised if you find shark on the menu可知，鲨鱼是海洋食物链的顶层，但他们的数量越来越少，因为他们都被人类吃掉了。所以人类才是生物链的顶端。故应选C。
【5】主旨大意题。根据文意和短文第一段的最后两句话How much do you know about creatures that live in the sea? Do you want to know more about the food chain（链）in the sea?可知，这篇短文给我们介绍的是海洋里的生物链。A 、C和D三个选项都太片面，B选项符合文意，故选B。
这篇短文中作者给我们介绍了海洋里的生物链。短文是科普类的说明文，在理解上有一定的难度。阅读时，应注意把握文章中心和主旨，并尽可能多的获取细节信息。做题时，要注意根据题干所问，锁定文章相关段落或语句，与选项进行对比，选择最佳答案。题型有细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断和主旨大意，考查非常全面。如第2小题，是一个推理判断题，做题时，应根据选项在原文定位，根据原文信息进行判断，用排除法作答。再如第5小题，这是一个主旨大意题，说明文的主题句常出现在文章开头，因此第一段的首尾句最有可能是文章的主旨句，根据第一段的最后一句话Do you want to know more about the food chain（链）in the sea?可知，这篇短文给我们介绍的是海洋里的生物链，故应选B。
