Question

【题目】 Are you shy? If you are. you are not alone. In fact, close lo 50 percent of people are shy Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days. shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.

Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.

Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied said children. They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers and sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied by their elder brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.

You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel (以色列),only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备)themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.

For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don't forget if you are shy. You are not the only one.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

【1】What is the passage mainly about?

A.HappinessB.Shyness.C.KindnessD.Loneliness.

【2】What does the underline word "genetic" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.父母传下来的B.向朋友学的C.老师教的D.兄弟俩编的

【3】What can be learned from the passage?

A.Most little babies are born shy and quiet.

B.If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.

C.Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.

D.Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.

【4】We can learn from the passage that may cause shyness.

A.genetics. grownups and birthplaceB.genetics. family size and birthplace

C.family size. grownups and failureD.genetics, family size and freedom

【5】Scientists suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by .

A.blaming their failure on outside reasonsB.trying new things and practicing conversations

C.getting themselves away from their shy parentsD.trying to underhand reasons for their shyness

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【5】B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。介绍了害羞的成因以及一些克服害羞的方法。

【1】主旨大意题。根据文中第一段“shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness.”和通读文章内容可知本文的主题是“shyness”。故选B。

【2】词义猜测题。根据文中第二段“Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes...Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents…”可知科学家说可能人天生就害羞，害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母亲。所以科学家认为部分是因为遗传。所以genetic意为“父母传下来的”，故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据文中第二段“They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly.”可知15%~20%婴儿害羞。所以A选项错误。根据文中第五段“But scientists say you can get over your shyness.”可知你可以克服害羞。所以B选项错误。根据文中第三段“They found that 66 percent of them had elder brothers and sisters.”可知66%的害羞人群都有哥哥和姐姐。所以C选项正确。根据文中第四段“In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported.”可知在以色列，观点自由和冒险是被大力支持的。所以D选项错误。故选C。

【4】细节理解题。根据文中第二段“scientists think that some shyness is genetic. ”，第三段“Family size might cause people to be shy as well.”及第四段“You may also be shy because of where you were born. ”可知基因遗传，家庭的规模大小和出生地都可能导致害羞。故选B。

【5】细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations.”可知通过尝试新鲜事物和练习对话可以克服害羞。故选B。

词义猜测类的阅读题是中考英语阅读理解题的必考题型之一，特别看中学生们的语篇分析和逻辑思维能力，分析该段落甚至全文的主旨内容，确定单词或短语含义，例如小题2，全文主旨讲的是害羞的原因以及解决方法。划横线单词所在的段落大意讲的是人可能天生就害羞，害羞的婴儿通常有害羞的父母亲，所以选A“父母传下来的”是对的，考生们可以运用这种方法来排除其他三个选项，找到正确答案。