Question

【题目】 Are you sniffling, sneezing or coughing? If so, you might have a virus(病毒). Viruses can make you sick. Colds are caused by viruses. Scientists have a question about viruses. They want to know: Is a virus a living thing? Not all scientists agree on the answer.

Some illnesses are caused by bacteria (细菌). Scientists think bacteria are alive. They are very, very small. Still, they do many things that living things do. They take in nutrients(营养), just as people do by eating. Then they make more bacteria. After a while, they die. Viruses are different. To make more viruses, they take over the cells of other creatures( 生 物 ) because viruses need proteins(蛋白质) to survive(存活) but they cannot make proteins on their own. So they have to spread disease to people and other animals, then the virus can make proteins, which lets it make more of itself. That is one reason why some scientists say viruses are not alive. Living things can make their own proteins. Viruses cannot.

Other scientists disagree. They say viruses are alive. These scientists argue that many living things need a host. Parasites(寄生虫) are one example. They are living things. Yet they can only survive in a host. An example of a host would be a human or a dog. Viruses are not so different.

It does not really matter if viruses are alive or not. That is just a undecided question that scientists have for fun. However, there are plenty of good reasons to study viruses. Scientists want to learn more about how they work.

【1】You could have a virus if you________.

A.feel sleepyB.have some parasitesC.have a cold

【2】How do viruses make proteins?

A.By taking in nutrients.

B.By making proteins by themselves.

C.By bringing disease to people and other animals

【3】The underlined word take over means________.

A.接受B.借用C.生产

【4】Why do some scientists think viruses are alive?

A.Because viruses also need to depend on other creatures to live.

B.Because viruses have to use proteins to make more viruses.

C.Because viruses don’t need a host at all.

【5】Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Not only viruses but also bacteria can make people fall ill.

B.For scientists, it is still unknown whether viruses are alive or not now.

C.After spreading disease to people, the number of viruses will become smaller.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】C

【3】B

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

文章介绍了关于病毒的一些情况。病毒是不是生物，科学家意见不一致，病毒自己不能制造蛋白质，它需要借助其他生物的细胞来制造蛋白质，所以它就把疾病传给动物和人，这就是一些科学家说它不是生物的原因；另一些科学家认为病毒是生物，它只是需要一个寄主，这个寄主就是人和动物。不管怎么说，科学家想做的就是了解更多病毒是怎样工作到。

【1】细节理解题。根据Colds are caused by viruses.感冒是病毒引起的，故选C。

【2】细节理解题。根据So they have to spread disease to people and other animals, then the virus can make proteins它们传播疾病给人或动物，然后病毒制造蛋白质；故选C。

【3】词义猜测题。根据viruses need proteins(蛋白质) to survive(存活) but they cannot make proteins on their own病毒需要蛋白质生存，但是它们不会制造蛋白质，可推测是“借用”其他生物的细胞；故选B。

【4】细节理解题。根据They are living things. Yet they can only survive in a host.它们是生物，它们仅仅能生存在一个寄主上；故选A。

【5】推理判断题。根据Viruses can make you sick.病毒能让你生病，Some illnesses are caused by bacteria (细菌)细菌也引起一些疾病，可知A对；根据It does not really matter if viruses are alive or not. That is just a undecided question that scientists have for fun.病毒是否是活的，不是一个真正的问题，它只是一个科学家为了乐趣没有决定的问题，可知B对；根据So they have to spread disease to people and other animals, then the virus can make proteins, which lets it make more of itself.把疾病传给人后，病毒能制造更多的病毒，可知C不对；故选C。