Question

【题目】任务型阅读
If you spend some time in an English-speaking country you might hear the term “etiquette”. It means normal and polite social behavior. This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand.
Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However, if you do this in Europe，some people might feel uncomfortable. Even in China，we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. For example, most people would agree that talking loudly in a library, a museum or a movie theater is impolite. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice down in public places.
If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions. One of the most polite ways is to ask someone，“Would you mind doing this” or “Would you mind not doing that”. People don't usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this.
Although rules of etiquette can often be different，some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed. If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask him，“Would you mind picking it up？”
根据短文内容，完成下列任务。
（1）What does the word “etiquette” mean？(根据短文内容回答问题)

（2）Find out the key sentence of Paragraph 2.(找出第二段的中心句)

（3）If your friend talks loudly in the library, what would you say to him/her？(根据你对短文 的理解，写出一个委婉的建议)

（4）请将最后一段中的画线句子译成汉语。

（5）请给短文拟个标题。

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）It means normal and polite social behavior.
（2）Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation.
（3）Would you mind keep your voice down (in public places)？/Would you mind not talking loudly？/ Would you mind talking or speaking in a low voice(in public places)？
（4）尽管礼节方面的规则常常会有所不同,但是有些规则在世界各地几乎是相同的。
（5）Etiquette/Etiquette of rules.
【解析】短文大意：如果你花一些时间在一个说英语的国家，你可能会听到“礼节” 这个词。在每一种文化或情况的礼节是不一样的。尽管礼节的规则往往是不同的，有些规则是相同的在世界各地！例如，乱扔垃圾是不允许的。如果你看到你认识的人这样做，你可以问他，“你介意把它捡起来？”
（1）短文第一段中，在第一次出现etiquette之后，即对这个词作了解释，即：It means normal and polite social behavior.
（2）一篇短文通常有一个主题。文章中的每一段通常有一个主题句，一般来说，这个主题句通常位于这一段的开头。本段举例论述了礼节并非在每种文化和每种情况下都相同，正好与本段第一句相吻合，故主题句应是第一句。
（3）短文的第三段给出了两个用于提建议的句型，即：Would you mind doing. . . ?和Would you mind not doing. . . ？如果你的朋友在图书馆等公共场所高声讲话，你可以用这两个句型之一来建议他/她低声讲话或请他/她不要在公共场所高声讲话。
（4）本题考查英译汉。答案不唯一，只要表达正确、通顺，与参考答案意思相近即可。although意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；can表示推测，意为“可能”。
（5）本文的主题词就是etiquette（礼节），整篇文章围绕礼节及其规则展开，所以用Etiquette或Rules of Etiquette作为题目都可以。