Question

【题目】 The island country of Japan, located on the Ring of Fire, _________thousands of small earthquakes each year. In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe（神户）. Many people were killed or injured as a result of the damage. The people of Kobe faced many difficult problems, including shortages of_________ , water, and housing. What lessons did scientists learn from this disaster? And how are people_________ the next big earthquake?

Part of preparation for an earthquake is to make sure that buildings and other structures are _________enough, so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to _________construction technology. Japanese scientists are working on the world’s largest earthquake, “shaking table”. New technologies are also used to create “smart” buildings that can get survived in the earthquake.

Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists_________ an earthquake. There is a new computer system which can give people as much as a 25-second_________ that a quake is coming. In this way, people will have_________ time to stop trains, shut down gas lines, and tell _________to stop operating in the hospital and so on.

Although earthquakes can _________be controlled, yet in the future as the forecasting methods are becoming more advanced, people will deal with such events more effectively.

【1】A.experiencesB.causesC.likesD.makes

【2】A.moneyB.foodC.computersD.scientists

【3】A.waiting forB.thinking ofC.preparing forD.working on

【4】A.tallB.strongC.modernD.new

【5】A.improveB.raiseC.teachD.learn

【6】A.pickB.protectC.stopD.predict

【7】A.newsB.warmingC.suggestionD.warning

【8】A.longB.happyC.enoughD.main

【9】A.doctorsB.engineersC.teachersD.managers

【10】A.seldomB.alwaysC.neverD.sometimes

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】C

【4】B

【5】A

【6】D

【7】D

【8】C

【9】A

【10】C

【解析】

短文大意：本文是科普文，从地震前的准备工作和开发地震预测仪两个方面介绍了如何为下一次大地震做好准备。

【1】句意：位于火山带上的岛国日本，每年经历数千次小地震。

考查动词辨析。A. 经历；B. 导致；C. 喜欢；D. 制造。根据句意语境，结合下文举例In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe.可知experience（经历）符合句意，故选A。

【2】句意：神户人民面临着许多困难的问题，包括食物、水和住房的短缺。

考查名词辨析。A. 钱；B. 食物；C. 计算机；D. 科学家。根据shortages of , water, and housing可知缺少食物、水和住房，故选B。

【3】句意：以及人们如何为下一次大地震做准备?

考查动词短语辨析。A. 等待；B. 思考；C. 为……做准备；D. 从事。根据the next big earthquake，联系下文Part of preparation for an earthquake，可知prepare for the next big earthquake符合句意，故选C。

【4】句意：地震的部分准备工作是确保建筑物和其他结构足够坚固，因此日本的科学家和工程师正在努力改进建筑技术。

考查形容词辨析。A. 高的；B. 强壮的/坚固的；C. 现代的；D. 新的。make sure确信/确保，根据下文so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to improve construction technology.可知是确保建筑物和其他结构足够坚固，故选B。

【5】句意：地震的部分准备工作是确保建筑物和其他结构足够坚固，因此日本的科学家和工程师正在努力改进建筑技术。

考查动词辨析。A. 提高/改进；B. 提升；C. 教；D. 学。根据to make sure that buildings and other structures are strong enough,可知需改进建筑技术，故选A。

【6】句意：为了帮助科学家预测地震，人们开发了许多种新仪器。

考查动词辨析。A. 选择；B. 保护；C. 停止；D. 预测。根据to help scientists predict an earthquake.可知是为了帮助科学家预测地震，故选D。

【7】句意：有一种新的计算机系统可以给人们提供多达25秒的地震预警。

考查名词辨析。A. 新闻；B. 温暖；C. 建议；D. 警告。25-second25秒的，限定词修饰名词；根据Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists predict an earthquake.可知前面三项意思都与句意不合，故选D。

【8】句意：通过这种方式，人们将有足够的时间停止火车，关闭天然气管道，并告诉医生停止在医院的操作，等等。

考查形容词辨析。A. 长的；B. 快乐的；C. 足够的；D. 主要的。根据上文give people as much as a 25-second warning可知时间是足够逃生的，故选C。

【9】句意：通过这种方式，人们将有足够的时间停止火车，关闭天然气管道，并告诉医生停止在医院的操作，等等。

考查名词辨析。A. 医生；B. 工程师；C. 教师；D. 经理。根据to stop operating in the hospital可知是告诉医生停止工作，故选A。

【10】句意：虽然地震永远无法控制，但在未来随着预测方法的日益先进，人们将更有效地应对这类事件。

考查副词辨析。A. 很少；B. 总是；C. 从不；D. 有时。although尽管，表让步；根据句意语境，可知地震是永远无法控制的，故选C。

完形填空。主要题型有（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词辨析，介词连词辨析等；（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项；（3）考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等）；（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。本题主要考查单词或短语辨析，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择适合语境的选项。例如小题3，四个选项都是短语动词：A. 等待；B. 思考；C. 为……做准备；D. 从事；根据the next big earthquake，联系下文Part of preparation for an earthquake，可知prepare for the next big earthquake符合句意，故选C。