Question

【题目】 More than one hundred years ago, a boy named Thomas Alva Edison lived in a small Ohio town. Tom was a lively child. He was always taking things apart and putting them together again, or trying to put them together.

One day, his father said, “Look at this! Another broken toy!”

“Now, don’t be hard on him,” said his mother. “He only wants to see how things work.” But even the mother lost patience with him when he almost burned down the family’s barn（仓库）!

Tom was more careful, but it’s hard when you are curious.

Then the family moved to Michigan. By now, Tom was old enough to go to school. Unfortunately, he didn’t like to sit still and listen to the teacher or memorize his lessons.

Since Tom spent most of his time daydreaming, his teachers thought there was something wrong with him. But he just liked experimenting more than he liked school. Tom’s mother decided to teach him at home. Soon, he loved to read, especially about science.

At 12, Tom heard about a job on a train selling candy, newspapers and sandwiches. His father agreed, and so it was settled. Two days later, Tom was at the station to begin his job.

Before long, Tom set up a laboratory in the train’s baggage car. When his work was finished, he would experiment.

At 16, he got his first real job as a night telegraph operator and station agent. But Tom could never hold a job very long. He was either too tired from studying or too busy experimenting to do his job. So Tom decided to spend more time inventing things. He was stubborn（固执的）, independent and hardworking.

Some of Tom’s inventions began to be noticed. Then Tom happened to be in New York at the gold exchange （黄金交易所）when an important machine broke down. Tom stepped in, and in an hour or two, he had the machine run perfectly.

In the following months, Tom invented a way to improve the machine. The company paid him $40,000 for his invention. “I’m going into business for myself,” said Tom.

【1】Who was harder on Tom at first, his father or his mother?

【2】Why did Tom’s mother lose patience with him in the end?

【3】What did Tom spend most of his time doing when he was at school?

【4】What was Tom’s job on a train when he was 12?

【5】How old was Tom when he got his first real job?

【6】What do you think of Tom? And why?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】His father.

【2】Because he almost burned down the family’s barn.

【3】He spent most of his time daydreaming. /Daydreaming

【4】To sell (Selling) candy, newspapers and sandwiches.

【5】He was 16. (16.)

【6】I think he was curious(hardworking/ naughty/stubborn/independent/lively…). Because…

E.g. He liked taking things apart and putting them together again.

He spent much time experimenting and studying.

He nearly burned down the family’s barn.

He didn’t like to sit still and listen to the teacher or memorize his lessons. etc.

【解析】

本文介绍了托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生的故事。汤姆是个活泼的孩子。他总是把东西拆开再组装起来，或者试着把它们组装起来。汤姆不喜欢静静地坐着听老师讲课，也不喜欢背诵功课。于是汤姆的妈妈决定在家教他。很快，他就喜欢读书，尤其是关于科学的。汤姆发明了一种改进机器的方法。公司为他的发明付给他4万美元。“我要为自己做生意，”汤姆说。

【1】细节理解题。根据One day, his father said, “Look at this! Another broken toy!”

“Now, don’t be hard on him,” said his mother. “He only wants to see how things work.”可知，起初他父亲对汤姆更严厉。故答案为：His father.。

【2】细节理解题。根据But even the mother lost patience with him when he almost burned down the family’s barn（仓库）! 可知，但当他差点烧毁家里的谷仓时，连母亲都对他失去了耐心！

故答案为：Because he almost burned down the family’s barn.。

【3】细节理解题。根据Since Tom spent most of his time daydreaming, his teachers thought there was something wrong with him. 可知，由于汤姆大部分时间都在做白日梦，老师们认为他有毛病。故答案为：He spent most of his time daydreaming. /Day dreaming。

【4】细节理解题。根据At 12, Tom heard about a job on a train selling candy, newspapers and sandwiches. 可知，12岁时，汤姆在火车上做卖糖果、报纸和三明治的工作。故答案为：To sell (Selling) candy, newspapers and sandwiches.。

【5】细节理解题。根据At 16, he got his first real job as a night telegraph operator and station agent.可知，16岁时，他得到了第一份真正的工作，做夜班电报员和车站代理。故答案为：He was 16. (16.)。

【6】细节理解题。本题属于开放行试题，根据短文只要答出汤姆的特点或优点即可。根据短文内容可以知道如下的答案。

故答案为：I think he was curious(hardworking/ naughty/stubborn/independent/lively…). Because…

E.g. He liked taking things apart and putting them together again.

He spent much time experimenting and studying.

He nearly burned down the family’s barn.

He didn’t like to sit still and listen to the teacher or memorize his lessons. etc.

回答问题的任务型阅读

该题型是给同学们呈现一段阅读资料，然后设置几个问题，做题时，我们应该先浏览一下问题，心中对所给任务有一个初步的了解，带着问题去阅读，有针对性地阅读，提高阅读效率。

一、阅读全文，了解大意

在做任务型阅读题时，同学们应先浏览文章后所提出的问题，在浏览过任务后，应迅速回头阅读全文了解文章的主要内容，作者想表述的观点，情感等。

二、寻找细节，逐题攻克

对于任务型阅读中的细节考查题，需要同学们有对语言的理解和分析能力，并带着问题回到阅读材料中，采用跳读的方式来寻找细节所在的段落，然后锁定目标段落，寻找总结自己所要的答案。

本题的第1小题：细节理解题。根据One day, his father said, “Look at this! Another broken toy!”

“Now, don’t be hard on him,” said his mother. “He only wants to see how things work.”可知，起初他父亲对汤姆更严厉。故答案为：His father.

本题的第3小题：细节理解题。根据Since Tom spent most of his time daydreaming, his teachers thought there was something wrong with him. 可知，由于汤姆大部分时间都在做白日梦，老师们认为他有毛病。故答案为：He spent most of his time daydreaming. /Day dreaming

此外，同学们在答题和书写方面还要注意以下几点：

1. 作答时，要遵循的原则就是：能简略回答的，尽量简略回答。

2. 书写要规范整洁。句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范，单词拼写要正确无误；注意时态的呼应和人称的转变。

3. 做出适当调整。在回答时，同学们应对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当的调整。