Question

【题目】 When your pen is broken, you think that’s the end of its life. You throw it away. It then joins tons of other garbage that is becoming a big problem in cities.

Each day, about 10,000 tons of waste is produced in Guangzhou, and 17,000 tons of household waste is produced in Beijing. In other countries, the case is similar. “If you’re like most of us, most Americans, you’re making seven pounds (3.17kg) of trash a day,” US writer Edward Humes told CNN. So, an American makes 102 tons of trash in a lifetime.

If you simply throw away that broken pen, it goes to a landfill(垃圾填埋场) and is buried together with many other trash. To prevent polluting the groundwater, workers cover the trash with soil and keep it dry. And your pen will stay there for a long, long time, without having further use. But it could have a better destination: the recycling bin.

Have you ever noticed the different colors of trash bins in the street? Many cities in China have been running a waste-sorting campaign. They divide trash into “recyclable waste” and “unrecyclable waste”. So in Yiwu there are many “Little Yellow Dog” appearing all around the city, even in our campus.

Recycling waste can save energy, reduce greenhouse gas, and keep space free for the unrecyclable trash. Take your pen as an example. At the recycling factory, its metal parts could be taken out and reused to make other things.

But recycling is not enough, experts say. Making less waste in the first place is the way forward. “The best thing to do is just to keep using your stuff for as long as you can,” US writer Adam Minter told Time Out magazine.

【1】How much trash does each American make every year on average?

A. 7 kgB. 3.17kgC. 102 tonsD. over 1 ton

【2】According to the story, how should we deal with broken pens?

A. Throw them away.B. Bury them in a landfill.

C. Put them into a recycling bin.D. Give them to our friend.

【3】Waste should be recycled because this can ___.

a. save energy b. produce greenhouse gas c. save landfill space d. save water

A. abB. bcC. ad D. ac

【4】What is the best way to reduce waste？

A. Recycle different kinds of waste.

B. Keep using your things as long as you can.

C. Keep waste inside your house.

D. Tell people about the importance of recycling.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

在我们的日常生活中，每天都产生大量的垃圾，这成了很多城市遇到的一个问题。如何减少垃圾？短文中提出了两个观点：首先做好垃圾分类，回收还能利用的垃圾；其次尽可能长时间地使用你的东西。

【1】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“If you’re like most of us, most Americans, you’re making seven pounds (3.17kg) of trash a day,”可知，一个美国人一天可以制造3.17千克的垃圾，一年就是3.17*365=1157.05千克，也就是1吨多。故应选D。

【2】细节理解题。根据短文第五段Take your pen as an example. At the recycling factory, its metal parts could be taken out and reused to make other things.可知，如果我们的钢笔坏了，我们应该把它放在回收垃圾箱里，让它可以用的部分进行回收再利用。故应选C。

【3】细节理解题。根据短文第五段Recycling waste can save energy, reduce greenhouse gas, and keep space free for the unrecyclable trash.可知，回收垃圾可以节约能量，也能给那些不能回收的垃圾留出空间。由此可知a和c是对的，故选D。

【4】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段“The best thing to do is just to keep using your stuff for as long as you can,” US writer Adam Minter told Time Out magazine.可知，最好的做法是尽可能长时间地使用你的东西。由此可知应选B。

这篇短文讲述了如何处理现在日益增长的垃圾问题。短文主题明确，文章内容贴近学生们的日常生活，文章用学生们熟悉的坏掉的钢笔为例，引出主题，让学生们比较容易理解。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然后根据题目所问，锁定文章相关段落作答。例如第1小题，这是一个计算题，题目中问的是一个美国人一年制造多少垃圾，做题时可以American为关键词定位，但文章第二段的“If you’re like most of us, most Americans, you’re making seven pounds (3.17kg) of trash a day,”这句话只告诉了我们一天制造的垃圾，所以我们需要再计算一下，用3.17千克*365天，就可以算出答案。再如第4小题，利用题目中the best way to reduce waste可以定位到短文最后一段“The best thing to do is just to keep using your stuff for as long as you can,” US writer Adam Minter told Time Out magazine.这句话，由此可知答案。