Question

【题目】Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）

Watch young children in a school class. You will often notice that there are three or four—especially boys who cannot sits s【1】. They have trouble paying attention to the teacher for longer than a few minutes, and they seem to forget things the teachers tells them. What is the manner with them? Many doctors think they need medicine, so they give the children a drug c【2】 Ritalin(利他林). It is supposed to help them settle down and pay better attention. It works, but it is also dangerous. Ritalin has some bad side effects, and it can even kill children who take too much. Because of the serious side effects of Ritalin, many people think it is not good for children.

Ritalin seems to affect both a child’s mind and body. The drug does help children calm down and focus, but some scientists claim( 声 称 ) that Ritalin decreases the flow of blood to the b【3】. This effects a child’s thinking and memory and makes it more difficult to learn. Scientists also think that the drug might l【4】 a child’s ability to grow and can cause trouble sleeping. Another problem is that children can take too much of the drug. Some children like the way the drug makes t【5】 feel, so they take more than they should. They know this is wrong, but they cannot stop, much the same as people who cannot stop smoking. A third problem is that doctors do not know if the drug is really safe or not. Doctors do not know what happens to children who take this drug for a long time. They do not know if these children show side effects after they grow up. Ritalin might help when children are young but are there bad effects l【6】 in life? Because nobody knows for sure, some scientists say that Ritalin should not be used.

Today, some doctors and teachers say that there are better ways than drugs to help children with attention problems. One good idea is to give children better food and make sure they get more rest. Another way to help children with attention problems is to find teachers who have special training with a【7】 children. Such teachers know how to help these children learn. Another idea is for parents and teachers to simply be patient. Most children’s attention will improve naturally as they get older. Parents and teachers just have to give these children time to develop.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】still

【2】called

【3】brain

【4】limit

【5】themselves

【6】later/left

【7】active

【解析】

对于有注意力问题的孩子，医生们经常建议他们吃一种叫利他林的药物，这种药物的确有效，但很多科学家们发现它也有很多的副作用。所以应采取其他的方法去帮助这些孩子。

【1】句意：你会注意到有三四个，尤其是不能安静坐着的小男孩。根据下句话They have trouble paying attention to the teacher for longer than a few minutes, and they seem to forget things the teachers tells them.可知，这样的孩子不能把注意力放在老师身上，容易忘记老师说的话。由此可知，这样的男孩不能安静地坐着。still副词，静止地，修饰动词sit。

【2】句意：许多医生认为他们需要药物，因此他们给孩子们一种叫利他林的药。根据空后Ritalin(利他林)可知，这是这种药物的名称，与名词medicine构成被动关系，故这里填过去分词called。

【3】句意：这种药物确实能帮助孩子冷静下来并且很专注，但是一些科学家声称利他林减少流向大脑的血液。根据上文Ritalin seems to affect both a child’s mind and body可知，利他林对孩子的大脑和身体都有害，因此这里应填brain大脑。

【4】句意：科学家们还说这种药物限制了孩子成长的能力，并导致睡眠问题。limit限制，是一个动词。根据文意可知，这一部分说的都是利他林这种药物的副作用，结合首字母和句意可知应填limit。

【5】句意：一些孩子喜欢这种药物给他们带来的感觉，所以他们吃得太多了。根据句意可知，这个空指代的是那些孩子自己，故应填反身代词themselves他们自己。

【6】句意：当孩子小的时候这种药物可能是有帮助的，但是在以后的生活中可能会有不好的影响。later之后，根据上文They do not know if these children show side effects after they grow up.可知，医生们不知道这种药在孩子长大之后会不会有副作用，因此这里填later，指以后的生活。

【7】句意：另一种帮助有注意力问题的孩子的方法是找那些接受过针对活跃儿童的特殊培训的老师。active积极的，活跃的。根据文意可知，这篇短文介绍的是如何对待那些活跃的、有注意力问题的孩子，因此这里应填active。

这篇短文讲述了利他林这种药物，它可以治疗有注意力问题的孩子，但也有很多副作用。因此科学家们建议应该使用其他的方法去帮助这样的孩子。短文主题明确，内容贴近日常生活，短文中有一些长难句，增加了理解的难度。题型是根据文意和首字母提示填写适当的单词，做题时，应先通读一遍短文，了解大意；然后根据文意和首字母填写单词。例如第2小题，根据空后Ritalin(利他林)可知，这是这种药物的名称，与名词medicine构成被动关系，故这里填过去分词called。再如第4小题，limit限制，是一个动词。根据文意可知，这一部分说的都是利他林这种药物的副作用，结合首字母和句意可知应填limit。