Question

【题目】On March 14, one of science’s brightest stars went dark. Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British ___________, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK. Hawking is considered by many to be the_______ scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He_______ the theory that the universe (宇宙) began with the Big Bang (大爆炸) and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research.

He also wrote books to help_______ people understand the universe. His most famous_______ is A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》), which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world, according to CNN.

Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was_________someone who had a strong will (意志) and optimistic (乐观的) attitude. When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that _______ him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. Hawking traveled the globe to attend science conferences, _______every continent, including Antarctica (南极洲). He was also a _______of pop culture and appeared on TV shows.

He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon. He__________to travel into space one day. In 2013, Hawking spoke about how he felt life was unfair when he was first diagnosed with his illness. “But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he said.

【1】A. writer B. singer C. scientist D. footballer

【2】A. worst B. greatest C. funniest D. happiest

【3】A. came up with B. thought over C. caught up with D. kept up with

【4】A. rich B. poor C. common D. normal

【5】A. thinking B. book C. record D. video

【6】A. also B. later C. soon D. simply

【7】A. relaxed B. stopped C. protected D. noticed

【8】A. visiting B. calling C. nodding D. repeating

【9】A. star B. manager C. reporter D. fan

【10】A. wished B. hoped C. spoke D. rushed

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 C

【2】 B

【3】 A

【4】 C

【5】 B

【6】 A

【7】 B

【8】 A

【9】 A

【10】 B

【解析】

本文主要介绍英国科学家霍金。3月14日，斯蒂芬·霍金，世界著名的英国科学家，逝世于英国剑桥，享年76岁。霍金被许多人认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家。他提出了宇宙起源于大爆炸并以黑洞告终的理论。他还写书帮助普通人了解宇宙。他最著名的一本书是《时间简史》。霍金除了科学成就之外，还具有坚强的意志和乐观的态度。霍金21岁的时候，被诊断出患有严重的疾病，使他不能走路和说话。但这并没有阻止他过一种有意义、丰富多彩的生活。霍金周游全球参加科学会议，访问了包括南极洲在内的各大洲。他也是流行文化的明星，出现在电视节目上。

【1】句意：斯蒂芬·霍金，世界著名的英国科学家，逝世于英国剑桥，享年76岁。考查名词辨析。A. writer作者，作家；B. singer歌手，歌唱家；C. scientist科学家；D. footballer足球运动员。我们都知道霍金是科学家，结合下文Hawking is considered by many to be the___2___ scientist in history since Albert Einstein.（霍金被许多人认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家。）可知选C。

【2】句意：霍金被许多人认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家。考查形容词最高级。A. worst最差的；B. greatest最伟大的；C. funniest最有趣的；D. happiest最幸福的。结合句意可知选B。

【3】句意：他提出了宇宙起源于大爆炸并以黑洞告终的理论。考查动词短语。A. came up with想出，提出；B. thought over思考；C. caught up with赶上，追上；D. kept up with跟上。根据单词the theory（理论）可知“提出理论”，选A。

【4】句意：他还写书帮助普通人了解宇宙。考查形容词辨析。A. rich富有的，有钱的；B. poor贫穷的；C. common普通的，常见的；D. normal正常的，正规的，标准的。宇宙是科学家研究的，一般人不能够理解，所以“他还写书帮助普通人了解宇宙。”故选C。

【5】句意：他最著名的书是《时间简史》。考查名词辨析。A. thinking思考，想法，思想；B. book书；C. record记录；D. video录像。根据上文“他还写书帮助普通人了解宇宙。”可知“他最著名的书是《时间简史》。”选B。

【6】句意：在他的科学成就的基础上，霍金也是一个有坚强意志和乐观态度的人。考查副词辨析。A. also也；B. later以后，后来，较晚；C. soon不久；D. simply简直，简单地，不过，仅仅。根据上文Besides his scientific achievements（在他的科学成就的基础上）可知“霍金也是一个有坚强意志和乐观态度的人。”结合选项可知选A。

【7】句意：当霍金21岁时，他被诊断患有严重疾病，使他不能走路和说话。考查动词辨析。A. relaxed放松，轻松；B. stopped停止；C. protected保护；D. noticed注意，觉察。短语stop sb. from doing sth.：阻止某人做某事。结合句意可知选B。

【8】句意：霍金周游全球参加科学会议，访问了包括南极洲在内的各大洲。A. visiting拜访，访问， 参观，游览；B. calling打电话给，呼唤，召集；C. nodding点头；D. repeating重复，复述，背诵。根据every continent（每个大洲）是地方可知填visit，选A。

【9】句意：他也是流行文化的明星，出现在电视节目上。考查名词辨析。A. star明星，恒星，星星；B. manager经理；C. reporter记者；D. fan粉丝，扇子，风扇。根据下文appeared on TV shows（出现在电视节目上）可知“他也是流行文化的明星”，结合选项可知选A。

【10】句意：他希望有一天能进入太空。考查动词辨析。A. wished希望，短语wish sb. to do sth.：希望某人做某事；wish that+从句：希望…，从句的时态使用一般过去时，表达不可能实现的愿望，是虚拟语气；B. hoped希望，hope to do sth.：（主语）希望做某事，不可使用hope sb. to do sth.，这错误的表达方式；hope后面也可跟宾语从句，hope that+从句，表达希望自己或别人做某事；C. spoke说，讲；D. rushed冲，奔；赶紧。结合句意可知选B。

完形填空是一卷难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体，是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。 解题的方法第一要带着空通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。本题主要考查词义辨析：名词辨析、形容词副词辨析、冠词辨析、介词连词辨析等，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，短语结合语境选择正确的选项。