Question

【题目】阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

Eco-friendly(环保) rain gardens have beautiful flowers, trees and other plants that beautify the community. They are also healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby. A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden, It is just far more eco-friendly. Usually it is built lower than the ground.

Why Eco-friendly Rain Gardens Are Recommended

Rain gardens smartly used rain and storm water by temporarily(暂时) holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak(渗透) slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply. In this way, a rain garden keeps the water, allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden, rather than flowing(流) directly into nearby streams and going unused, The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two. This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes(蚊子) to breed(繁殖). This is a simple, attractive, and eco-friendly “green” way to treat storm water.

What's more, planting a rain garden helps cut down on pollution and make the environment better. The gardens don’t use expensive machinery and chemicals. They remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and reduce the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.

How You Build Your Own Rain Gardens

Native(本地的) plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate(气候), soil, and water conditions. They may attract local wildlife such as native birds. Water your rain garden right after planting and once a week. Don’t water it if you have had at least an inch of rain during the week. You needn’t take much care of it once the plants have a necessary root system(根系统).

Often, local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks. However, you can do your own part. You don't need to be an environmental engineer to create a rain garden. Just start by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.

Eco-friendly Rain Gardens
Definition(定义)	Eco-friendly rain gardens are far more eco-friendly gardens 【1】 under the ground.
【2】 of rain gardens	Rain gardens use rain in 【3】 ways. Rain water is held and soaks into the ground before running into streams or 【4】 the drinking water supply. They 【5】 mosquitoes from breeding.
	They help to cut down on pollution and 【6】 the environment. 30% of the pollution is reduced 【7】 using machinery and chemicals.
How you build the garden	Use native plants because they are more used and may attract 【8】. Water the garden 【9】 you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.
Conclusion	To create such a garden, you needn’t be an environmental 【10】. Just start by building small ones in your yards.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】built

【2】Advantages

【3】smart

【4】entering

【5】prevent/stop/keep

【6】improve

【7】without

【8】wildlife

【9】unless

【10】engineer

【解析】

本文主要讲述了环保雨水花园里有美丽的花朵，树木和其他美化社区的植物。它们对环境以及附近的人们的生活和工作很健康。文中通过对比，描写等将雨水花园的优点展示给读者，并呼吁读者自己也可以建造雨水花园。

【1】句意：生态友好型的雨园是建在地下的生态友好型花园。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden, It is just far more eco-friendly.雨园与传统的花园并没有太大的不同，它只是更加环保。Usually it is built lower than the ground.它通常建在低于地面的地方。其中built为过去分词作定语，修饰gardens，与gardens在逻辑上有被动关系。正确答案为： built。

【2】句意：雨水花园的优点。

归纳概括题。结合原文信息，依据文中：This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed.这创造了一个优点，雨水花园不允许蚊子繁殖。This is a simple, attractive, and eco-friendly “green” way to treat storm water.这是一种简单、有吸引力、环保的“绿色”处理雨水的方法。 Rain gardens use rain in smart ways.微雨园林巧妙利用雨水。Rain water is held and soaks into the ground before running into streams or entering the drinking water supply.雨水在流入溪流或进入饮用水供应系统之前会被储存并渗入地下。 They prevent mosquitoes from breeding防止蚊子滋生。可知，这些都是雨水花园的优点。可知，正确答案为：Advantages。

【3】句意：微雨园林巧妙利用雨水。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：Rain gardens smartly used rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.雨水花园巧妙地利用了雨水和雨水，在雨水流入小溪或进入公共饮用水供应系统之前，暂时保存雨水和雨水，让雨水慢慢地渗入地下。可知，正确答案为：smart。

【4】句意：雨水在流入溪流或进入饮用水供应系统之前会被储存并渗入地下。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：Rain gardens smartly used rain and storm water by temporarily holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply.雨水花园巧妙地利用了雨水和雨水，在雨水流入小溪或进入公共饮用水供应系统之前，暂时保存雨水和雨水，让雨水慢慢地渗入地下。由于or连接的并列结构在形式上保持一致性，而前面是running，故此用entering。正确答案为：entering。

【5】句意：防止蚊子滋生。

词义理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes to breed这创造了一个优势，雨水花园不允许蚊子繁殖。由于题中填的单词须与from构成否定句意，故要填入与not allow意思相近的词，prevent/stop/keep .....from都符合题意。正确答案为：prevent。

【6】句意：它们有助于减少污染和改善环境。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：What's more, planting a rain garden helps cut down on pollution and make the environment better. 更重要的是，种植一个雨花园有助于减少污染，使环境更好。题中须填入的单词与make the environment better.改善环境，构成意思上的一致性，故正确答案为： improve。

【7】句意：减少了30%的污染，而不使用机械和化学药品。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：The gardens don’t use expensive machinery and chemicals.花园不用昂贵的机器和化学药品。They remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and reduce the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.他们清除了雨水中的有害化学物质，减少了多达30%的污染。填入题目的单词须和don’t use在意思上保持一致性。正确答案为：without。

【8】句意：使用本地植物，因为它们更常被使用，可能会吸引野生动物。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.它们可能会吸引当地的野生动物，如本地鸟类。Water your rain garden right after planting and once a week.种植后马上给你的雨花园浇水，每周浇一次。attract wildlife吸引野生动物。正确答案为：wildlife。

【9】句意：给花园浇水，除非你这周下了至少一英寸的雨。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：Water your rain garden right after planting and once a week.种植后马上给你的雨花园浇水，每周浇一次。Don’t water it if you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.如果你这周下了至少一英寸的雨，就不要给它浇水。You needn’t take much care of it once the plants have a necessary root system一旦植物有了必要的根系，你就不必太在意了。Unless填入题目中，在句意上能与“Don’t water it if you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.如果你这周下了至少一英寸的雨，就不要给它浇水。”保持一致。正确答案为：unless。

【10】句意：要建造这样一个花园，你不必是环境工程师。只要在你的院子里建一些小房子就可以了。

细节理解题。结合原文信息，依据文中：However, you can do your own part.然而，你可以做你自己的部分。You don't need to be an environmental engineer to create a rain garden.你不需要成为一个环境工程师来创造一个雨园。Just start by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.只要在你的院子里建一些小型的雨水花园就可以了。正确答案为：engineer。

这类题是一卷难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。 解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索，语法知识,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配,结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。如第五小题就考查了词的搭配，阻止……做某事，用prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth。