9、The Chinese people         cultural traditions         their long history.

A．had created; during                      B．have created; during

C．had created; since                         D．created; for

8、Do you wake up every day feeling too tired, or even upset? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.

The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits  1  you to be in your lightest phase(stage)of sleep  2  rousing（waking）you. Its makers say that should   3  you wake up feeling refreshed every morning.

As you sleep you pass   4  a sequence of sleep states-light sleep, deep sleep and REM(rapid eye movement) sleep-that  5  approximately every 90 minutes. The point in that cycle at which you wake can   6  how you feel later, and may   7  have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept. Being roused during a light phase   8  you are more likely to wake up energetic.

SleepSmart   9  the distinct pattern of brain waves  10  during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped   11  electrodes（电极）and a microprocessor. This measures the electrical activity of the wearer’s brain, in much the   12  way as some machines used for medical and research   13  , and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You   14  the clock with the latest time at  15  you want to be wakened, and it  16  duly（适时地）wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that. The  17  was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island  18  a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test, “  19  sleep-deprived（被剥夺）people ourselves, we started thinking of   20  to do about it, ” says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea.

1．A．beside                   B．near                    C．for                      D．around

2．A．upon                     B．before                 C．towards              D．till

3．A．ensure                  B．force                   C．require                D．request

4．A．through                 B．into                     C．about                  D．on

5．A．shows                  B．changes               C．begins                 D．repeats

6．A．effect                   B．affect                  C．reflect                 D．perfect

7．A．already                  B．ever                    C．never                  D．even

8．A．means                   B．marks                 C．says                    D．narrates

9．A．removes                B．makes                 C．records               D．recalls

10．A．proceeded           B．produced             C．pronounced D．progressed

11．A．  by                     B．of                       C．with                    D．over

12．A．familiar               B．similar                 C．different              D．same

13．A．findings               B．achievements       C．proposals            D．purposes

14．A．prompt                B．program              C．design                 D．plan

15．A．where                 B．this                     C．which                 D．that

16．A．then                    B．also                     C．almost                 D．yet

17．A．claim                  B．conclusion           C．concept               D．explanation

18．A．once                   B．after                    C．since                   D．while

19．A．Besides               B．Despite                C．To                      D．As

20．A．what                B．how                       C．whether          D．when

7、Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV-if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don’t think much of them.

The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark on a rainy day, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.

Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily-clad (衣着暴露的) ladies or in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty — or not - of stupid, petty crimes.

Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he's arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks - where failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police -little effort is spent on searching.

Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that, he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuading them, usually against their own best interests, to help him.

1．The fist sentence implies that             .

       A．the life of the real policemen and that of the policemen on TV are entirely different.

       B．the real policemen will find the similarities if they can get home in time.

       C．the real policemen seldom can get home in time to watch TV.

       D．the policemen shown on TV can always get home in time.

2．The everyday life of a policeman or detective is             .

A．exciting and glamorous                         B．full of danger

C．devoted mostly to routine matters          D．wasted on unimportant matters

3．When murders and terrorist attacks occur, the police              .

A．prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself away

B．make great efforts to try to track down their man

C．try to make a quick arrest is order to keep up their reputation

D．usually fail to produce results

4．What’s the best title for the passage?

      A．Policemen and Detectives                     B．Detectives’ Life-fact and Fantasy

       C．The Reality of Being a Detective     D．Drama and Reality

6、In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come, work and live here? In the wake of the Sept.11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing.

On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorities in 14 states staged “Operation Safe Travel”- raids（突击检查）on airports to arrest employees with false identification. In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocumented workers' illegal status made them open to blackmail(讹诈) by terrorists.

Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable（一次性的） goods.

Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified(reasonable) to a certain extent. “We’re saying we want you to work in these places, we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it’s convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in term of national security, especially after Sept. 11. then you’re disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons,” Anderson said.

If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. And Castro, a manager at a Ben＆ Jerry’s ice cream shop at the airport, had been working 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid. Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation （驱逐出境）. Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has return to her job at Ben & Jerry’s.

1．According to the author, the United States claims to be a nation               .

       A．composed of people having different values

       B．encouraging individual pursuits

       C．sharing common interests

       D．founded on shared ideals

2．Undocumented workers became the target of “Operation Safe Travel” because         .

       A．evidence was found that they were potential terrorists

       B．most of them worked at airports under threat of terrorists

       C．terrorists might take advantage of their illegal status

       D．they were reportedly helping hide terrorists around the airport

3．By saying “…we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are”（Line 2,Para 4）, Mayor Anderson means “                ”.

       A．we will turn a blind eye to your illegal status.

       B．we will examine the laws in a different way

       C．there are other ways of enforcing the law

       D．the existing laws must not be ignored

4．What do we learn about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?

       A．She will be deported sooner or later.      B．She is allowed to stay permanently.

       C．Her case has been dropped.    D．Her fate remains uncertain.

5、A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a life from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal（致命的）accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast（相比之下）, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.

The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.

Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” he says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”

Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute（规定）so-called graduated（分档次）licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage（多阶段）process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.

Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.

1．Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?

A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.

B．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.

C．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.

D．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.

2．According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.

B． Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.

C．Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.

D．The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.

3．A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that          .

A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule

B．they should be prohibited from taking on passengers

C．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.

D．the licensing system should be improved

4．A graduated license is issued to a driver who               .

       A．is at least a middle school graduate

       B．has learned driving at a driving school

       C．gains full driving rights step by step

       D．had a driving experience long enough

4、Irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.

Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection（examining）, higher food-safety standards, and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting(装备)processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.

All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors（经销商）, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.

Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation—gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X-rays—and sets limits on doses（辐射量）, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their different molecular(分子)compositions, may require different doses of radiation. 

1．According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating       .

A．has been completely approved by the FDA

B．is being reviewed by the FDA

C．is not completely approved by the US government.

D．has been widely adopted in the U.S.

2．Which of the following statements about the consumers’ attitudes toward irradiated foods is NOT true?

A．Many consumers are afraid that irradiated foods may cause cancer.

B．Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods.

C．Some consumers suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.

D．Most consumers welcome the food processing companies outfitted with irradiating equipment.

3．Irradiated food has to be labeled when           .

       A．it is sold at the supermarket                  B．it is served at the restaurants

       C．it is provided in the hospitals                 D．it is produced at the factories

4．Which of the following best reflects the content of the passage? 

A．Although FDA does not approve irradiating food, consumers accept irradiated food.

B．Neither FDA approves irradiating food, nor do consumers accept irradiated food.

C．FDA approves irradiating food to some extent, but irradiated food is not widely accepted.

    D．Both FDA and consumers think that irradiated food is not safe.

3、Irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.

Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection（examining）, higher food-safety standards, and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting(装备)processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.

All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors（经销商）, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.

Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation—gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X-rays—and sets limits on doses（辐射量）, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their different molecular(分子)compositions, may require different doses of radiation. 

1．According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating       .

A．has been completely approved by the FDA

B．is being reviewed by the FDA

C．is not completely approved by the US government.

D．has been widely adopted in the U.S.

2．Which of the following statements about the consumers’ attitudes toward irradiated foods is NOT true?

A．Many consumers are afraid that irradiated foods may cause cancer.

B．Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods.

C．Some consumers suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.

D．Most consumers welcome the food processing companies outfitted with irradiating equipment.

3．Irradiated food has to be labeled when           .

       A．it is sold at the supermarket                  B．it is served at the restaurants

       C．it is provided in the hospitals                 D．it is produced at the factories

4．Which of the following best reflects the content of the passage? 

A．Although FDA does not approve irradiating food, consumers accept irradiated food.

B．Neither FDA approves irradiating food, nor do consumers accept irradiated food.

C．FDA approves irradiating food to some extent, but irradiated food is not widely accepted.

    D．Both FDA and consumers think that irradiated food is not safe.

2、In a moment of personal crisis, how much help can you expect from a New York taxi driver? I began studying this question and found the answer interesting.

One morning I got into three different taxis and announced: “Well, it’s my first day back in New York in seven years. I’ve been in prison.” Not a single driver replied, so I tried again. “Yeah, I shot a man in Reno,” I explained, hoping the driver would ask me why, so I could say casually, “Just to watch him die.” But nobody asked. The only response came from a Ghanaian driver: “Reno? That is in Nevada?”

Taxi drivers were uniformly sympathetic when I said I'd just been fired. “This is America,” a Haitain driver said. “One door is closed. Another is open.” He argued against my plan to burn down my boss’s house: “If you do something silly and they put you away, you cannot look for another job.” A Pakistani driver even turned down a chance to profit from my loss of hope: he refused to take me to the middle of the George Washington Bridge, a $20 trip. “Why you want to go there? Go home and relax. Don’t worry. Take a new job.”

One very hot weekday in July, while wearing a red ski mask and holding a stuffed pillowcase with the word “BANK” on it, I tried hailing a taxi five times outside different banks. The driver picked me up every time. My ride with Guy-Caaude Thevenain, a Haitian driver, was typical of the superb assistance I received.

“Let’s go across the park,” I said. “I just robbed the bank there. I got $25, 000.”

“$25, 000?” he asked.

“Yeah, you think it was wrong to take it?”

“No, man. I work 8 hours and I don’t make almost $70. If I can do that, I do it too.”

As we approached 86th and Lexington, I pointed to the Chemical Bank.

“Hey, there’s another bank,” I said, “could you wait here a minute while I go inside?”

“No, I can’t wait. Pay me now.” His reluctance may have had something to do with money—taxi drivers think the rate for waiting time is too low—but I think he wanted me to learn that even a bank robber can’t expect unconditional support.

1．Why did the Pakistani driver refuse to take the author to the middle of the George Washington Bridge?

A．Because he was able to help the author to find a new job.

B．Because he wanted to go home and relax.

C．Because it was far away from his home.

D．Because he thought that the author would commit suicide.

2．What is the author’s interpretation(explanation) of the driver’s reluctance “to wait outside the Chemical Bank” ?

A．The driver thought that the rate for waiting time was too low.

B．The driver thought it wrong to support a taxi rider unconditionally.

C．The driver was frightened and wanted to leave him as soon as possible.

D．The driver did not want to help a suspect to escape from a bank robbery.

3．Which of the following statements is true about New York taxi drivers?

A．They are ready to help you do whatever you want to.

B．They refuse to pick up those who would kill themselves.

C．They are sympathetic with those who are out of work.

D．They work only for money.

4．The passage mainly discusses           .

       A．how to please taxi riders

       B．how to deal with taxi riders

       C．the attitudes of taxi drivers towards riders in personal trouble

       D．the attitudes of taxi drivers towards troublesome taxi riders

1、此题要求改正所给短文中的错误.对标题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边的横线上划（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用（\）斜线划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

I received your letter dated April 16 the day before                      1．       

yesterday. Every of our family are greatly delighted to                          2．       

learn whether you are getting along very well with your                      3．       

lessons. Time passes quickly. In dozens of day, you’ll                        4．       

finish middle school. What please us most is that you                          5．       

do very good to make up your mind to enter for the college                  6．       

entrance examination this summer. What wonderful                            7．       

it is! Dad, as well as Mom and I, are with you. We                              8．       

wish you to make better use your time. The fuller preparations            9．       

if you make, the surer of success you’ll certainly be.                       10．