6、Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviour when they are watched. Do you?

A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.

Manfred Milinski from the Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin, the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour. Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and people respond this way unconsciously, or without realizing it.

It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched. A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish.   When other fish are around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.

The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption 'I Want You' It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.

1．According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?

       A. He does not want to be shamed by others.

  B. He needs to show he is a good person.

  C. He desires others to like him more.

  D. He feels he will receive some social reward.

2．The underlined word 'coded' (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to

       A. hidden                     B. programmed            C. forgotten                 D. lean, ed

3．What is the text mainly about?

       A. It describes changed behavior when observed.

       B. It details ways to control people's behavior.

       C. It tells how to make people work harder.

       D. It discusses different advertising methods.

4．According to the text, which of the following statements is true?

       A. People pretend to behave better when they are watched.

       B. Fish bite other fish in a fish tank when they are alone.

       C. People donate more money when they feel they are watched.

       D. Soldiers fought better during World War II because of a poster.

5．Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?

       A. In a newspaper.                                     B. In a scientific journal.

       C. In an advertising magazine.                          D. In a science textbook.

2、As Mrs. Thompson stood in front of her 5a grade class on the very first day of school, she told the children a lie. Like most teachers, she looked at her students and said that she loved them all the same.

But that was impossible, because there in the front row, slumped in his seat, was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard. Mrs. Thompson noticed that he didn't play well with the other children, that his clothes were messy and that he constantly needed a bath. And Teddy could be unpleasant. It got to the point where Mrs. Thompson would actually take delight in marking his papers with a broad red pen, making bold X's and then putting a big "F" at the top of his papers.

However, when she reviewed his file, she got a surprise.

Teddy's first grade teacher wrote, "Teddy is a bright child with a ready laugh. He does his work neatly and has good manners.., he is a joy to be around."

His second grade teacher wrote, "Teddy is an excellent student, well liked by his classmates, but he is troubled because his mother has a terminal illness and life at home must be a struggle."

His third grade teacher wrote, "His mother's death has been hard on him. He tries to do his best but his father doesn't show much interest and his home life will soon affect him if some steps aren't taken."

Teddy's fourth grade teacher wrote, "Teddy is withdrawn and doesn't show much interest in school. He doesn't have many friends and sometimes sleeps in class."

Now, Mrs. Thompson was ashamed of herself and felt worse when her students brought her beautifully wrapped Christmas presents.  Teddy's present,  however,  was clumsily wrapped in rough brown grocery paper. Taking her time she opened it to reveal Teddy's gifts, a rhinestone bracelet with stones missing and a quarter full perfume bottle. How the children laughed! "What a pretty bracelet! Mm, lovely perfume! Perfect on my wrist." The children were silent.

Alone together, after school, Teddy told Mrs. Thompson, "Today you smelled just like my Mom used to..." His teacher cried all night and, from that day, she stopped teaching reading, writing, and arithmetic and began to teach children instead.

1．What is the best title of this text?

A. A Student's Best Friend                                 B. How To Be a Good Student

C. The Story of a Good Teacher                        D. A Teacher's Lesson

2．Which of the following is true about Teddy?

A. He only bathed once a week.                         B. He had no friends at school.

C. His clothes were usually untidy.                     D. He was the worst student in the class.

3．How did Teddy's behavior change between Grades 1 and 4?

A. He became better at making friends.               B. He became closer to his father.

C. He paid less attention to school.                     D. He stopped doing his homework.

4．Why did Mrs. Thompson feel ashamed after she read Teddy's file?

A. She didn't treat Teddy fairly.                          B. She was being unpleasant to Teddy.

C. She took delight in failing Teddy in the exam.  D．She disliked Teddy for all his problems.

5．We can learn from the last paragraph that

A. Mrs. Thompson was deeply hurt by Teddy's words

B. Teddy missed his mother and desired love very much

C. Mrs. Thompson realized it useless to teach knowledge

       D. Mrs. Thompson cried because she lied to Teddy about his presents

33、找出与所给单词划线部分读音相同的选项。语音知识

1champion       A. opinion      B. region       C. occasion      D. conclusion

2. mainly        A. mountainous  B. certain       C. captain       D. sail

3. wisdom       A. sunset        B. insect       C. possession     D. promise

4. volcano       A. location      B. dishonest     C. method       D. protection

5. scholarship    A. champion     B. dutchman    C. technique      D. church

32、-- I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.

-- _______good.
A. Sound        B. Sounded     C. Sounding      D. Sounds

31、I had travelled only two hours one day _____ the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up ____ the winds became too strong.

A. when; before    B. then; but      C. while; because    D. but; before