4、There are some serious threats to the children’s health. The largest killer of children under age five is pneumonia(肺炎). This lung infection kills about two million children each year, mostly in developing countries.

In developed countries, most pneumonia cases are caused by viruses. But in the developing world, about sixty percent are caused by bacteria. These cases can be treated with antibiotic drugs(抗生素).

The World Health Organization currently says children with severe pneumonia should be admitted to a hospital and given injectable antibiotics. But many poor families do not have the money for a hospital or live too far away.

Now, new research could lead to a change in that advice. A study in Pakistan found that children with severe pneumonia can recover fully at home taking antibiotics by mouth. The study is in the Lancet medical journal.

The research involved two thousand children between three and five years old. Half received intravenous(静脉) antibiotics during a forty-eight-hour hospital stay. The others were sent home to take antibiotics for five days.

The treatment failed in eighty-seven children in the hospitalized group and seventy-seven in the home group. These children were then given another therapy.

During the study, five children died, four of them in the hospital group.

W.H.O. medical officer Shamim Qazi says the new findings will help children, families and hospitals. Children may get other infections in a hospital. Many hospitals are already overcrowded. And treatment at home would be less costly.

The study confirmed the findings of three other studies in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America. These showed that in hospitals, oral antibiotics were just as effective as injectable antibiotics in treating severe pneumonia in children.

A few cases are so severe they will still need hospital care. But Doctor Qazi says the W.H.O will be updating its guidelines this year with the new evidence. The W.H.O, of course, will be devoted to studying other killers to children all the time as well.

1．Why do some children cannot be sent to hospital and given inject able antibiotics?

  A．Because parents don’t want to spend much money on them.

  B．Because their disease is not serious enough.

  C．Because they live far away from hospitals.

  D．Because they don’t want to receive intravenous antibiotics.

2．Of all the children who received intravenous antibiotics in the research,         children died.

      A．0.4%            B．0.2%             C．0.25%           D．0.5%

3．The writer mainly wants to tell us        .

       A．home treatments work well on children with severs pneumonia

  B．the largest killer of children under age five is pneumonia

  C．what the advantage of treating pneumonia staying at home is

  D．how the research about pneumonia was carried out

4．Suppose the passage hasn’t ended, what might be most possibly talked about in the following part?

       A．The detailed information about the W.H.O’s updating its guidelines.

       B．The way to solve the problem that some hospitals are overcrowded.

  C．Another threat to children’s health, which W.H.O will deal with.

       D．The findings of three other studies in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America

3、Space is dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

    Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have recon to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 ream without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage--a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的) children or even grandchildren.

Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, hut no rally effective ones have been found so far.

1．According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man because      .

  A．it protects him against the harmful rays from space

  B．it provides sufficient light for plant growth

  C．it supplies the heat necessary for human survival

  D．it screens off the falling meteors

2．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

  A．Exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal.

  B．The effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming.

  C．Radiation is completely avoidable in space exploration.

  D．Astronauts in spacesuits needn’t worry about radiation damage.

3．The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members       .

  A．is insignificant                                     B．seems overestimated

  C．is enormous                                        D．remains unknown

4．It can be inferred from the passage that       .

  A．the Apollo mission was very successful

  B．protection against space radiation is no easy job

  C．astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren

  D．radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers

5．The best title for this passage would be       .

  A．The Atmosphere and Our Environment

  B．Research on Radiation

  C．Effects of Space Radiation

       D．Importance of Protection Against Radiation

2、以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：请在答题卡上作答。

In the morning of November 18^th, 1755, an earthquake             1．          

shook Boston. John, a professor at Harvard College felt a quake          2．          

and woke up. “I rose and found to be fifteen minutes past               3．          

four.” He hurried to downstairs to the clock. It had stopped              4．          

three minutes ago. Except for stopping the clock, the quake              5．          

has only thrown a key from the mantel(壁炉架) to the floor.             6．          

The clock had stopped because I had put some long                    7．          

glass tube he was using for an experiment into the case                 8．          

for safekeeping. The quake had been knocked the tubes over and         9．          

blocked the pendulum(钟摆). So John had the exactly                  10．          

time of the earthquake.

1、假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom听说你校学生正在开展研究性学习，于是来信询问有关情况。请你根据下表提供的信息，写一封回信，谈一谈开展研究性学习前后，你的学习情况的变化。并发表自己的观点。

注意：词数100左右。

参考词汇：研究性学习exploring study

33、找出与所给单词划线部分读音相同的选项。语音知识

1champion       A. opinion      B. region       C. occasion      D. conclusion

2. mainly        A. mountainous  B. certain       C. captain       D. sail

3. wisdom       A. sunset        B. insect       C. possession     D. promise

4. volcano       A. location      B. dishonest     C. method       D. protection

5. scholarship    A. champion     B. dutchman    C. technique      D. church

32、-- I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.

-- _______good.
A. Sound        B. Sounded     C. Sounding      D. Sounds

31、I had travelled only two hours one day _____ the winds increased so much that I had to put my tent up ____ the winds became too strong.

A. when; before    B. then; but      C. while; because    D. but; before