58. Subterranean insects communicate with a third party through ______.

A. caterpillars　 B. parasitic wasps　 C. wasp’s eggs　 D. a plant’s leaves

57. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if they _____.

A. feed on plants occupied by subterranean insects

B. feed on plants not occupied by subterranean insects

C. become cleaveer through natural selection

D. compete with subterranean insects

56. After finding a plant occupied by subterranean insects, aboveground insects usually _________.

A. send out warning signals　　　 B. choose to give up the plant

C. compete for the plant　　 　　　D. share it with the subterranean insects

47. A.To ease 　　B. To bear　　　 　　C. To carry　 　　D. To place

Section C (12分)

　Directions: Complete the following passage using the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Jean Driscoll can go faster in her wheelchair than the world’s best marathoners can run！

In April, Jean finished the Boston Marathon in 1 hour 34 minutes 22 　48　 　. That’s about 33 minutes 　49　 　than the winning male runner！She competed on the track, too. She was second in the 800-meter wheelchair demonstration race at the 1992 Olympics.

Jean doesn’t like to be told she’s brave. “I’m not in sports　 50 　I’m courageous,” she says. “It’s because I’m a competitive person！”Jean was born with spina bifida (脊柱裂), 　51 　damaged 　his spine. She began to use a　 　　52　 　to get around in high school. Then she tried wheelchair soccer and was amazed. “Players banged each other and　 　53 　out of their chairs，” she says.“It was fun.”

Jean tried other wheelchair sports.At the University of Illinois, 　54 　wheelchair basketball team won two national titles.

Now Jean coaches and teaches .She tried to get people to set goals.“When I sign my autograph,” says Jean,”I 　55 　, ‘ Dream big and work hard. ’ ”

Ⅲ Reading comprehension (30分)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

A

Science Daily (Apr. 27,2009)-Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean (地下的) and aboveground herbivorous(食草的)insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. This way, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “occupied”.

Aboveground, leafing-eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by Subterranean rooting-eating insects. Subterranean insects sent out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant, which warn the aboveground insects about their presence. This messaging makes it possible for spatially-separated insects to avoid each other, so that they do not compete for the same plant.

In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have Subterranean residents and vice versa(反之亦然).It seems that a system has developed through natural selection,which helps the Subterranean and aboveground insects to notice each other. This avoid unnecessary competition.

Though the “green telephone lines”, subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely the natural enemy of caterpillars(毛虫).Parasitic wasps(寄生的黄蜂)lay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, as these help them find more insects for their eggs.

The communication between Subterranean and aboveground insects has only been studied in a few cases.It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is. But scientists are looking into it. This research was carried out at the Netherland Institute for Ecology by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijin Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. The PhD project, in which this study was carried out, was funded by the Free Competition of NWO Earth and Life Sciences.

46. A.how　　 　　B. what　　　　　 　　C. why　　　 　　　D. where

45. A.After　 　　B. when　　　　　 　　C. While　　 　　　D. Because

44. A.At　　　 　　B. After　　　　　　 　C. in　　　 　　　D. By

43. A.disease 　　B. blow　　　　　　 　C. beat　　 　　　D. defeat

42. A.drew　　 　B.caught　　　　　 　　C.turned　　 　　　D. attracted

41. A.almost　 　B. sometimes　　　 　C.hardly　　 　　　D.always