1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头骑到终点的。

It was …who…引导的是一个强调句型。两个where引导的从句均作介词宾语从句。

强调句型结构：

It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其余部分

It was they that put forward the problem at the meeting.

It was not until you told me that I realized that she hadn’t turned up yet.

What is it that is happening there?

考点例题：

Is it in the town ________________ he worked last year ____________ he will set up a company.

It wasn’t __________ he came __________ I knew that basketball match would be delayed.

I am sure that it is at 10:00______________ the plane for Dalian takes off.

8. lose hope绝望

He never loses hope even when he fails.

拓展：

lose heart泄气；灰心

lose courage沮丧

lose face丢脸；受屈辱

lose touch (with sb.)与某人失去联系

lose one’s way迷路

lose one’s breath上气不接下气

lose one’s head昏了头

lose one’s life丧生，遇害

考点例题：

Never _______________________ even after you have failed several times.

7. break out(战争、火灾、疫病等)突然发生，爆发

A fire broke out in the supermarket last night.

拓展：

break down出毛病，不运转

break away from脱离，摆脱……

break in插话，破门进入

break into破门闯入

break off突然终止

break through突围，突破

考点例题：

The fire was put out 15 minutes after it _________________.

6. be known/well known as = be famous as作为……而出名

Shenzhen is well-known as a modern city.

拓展：

be known for因为……而闻名

be known to sb.为……所熟悉

It is known (to all) that…众所周知……

As is known (to all), ….众所周知……

It is well-known to us all it is very important to keep the balance of nature.

=As is well-known to us all, it is important to keep the balance of nature.

5. tens of thousands of 数以万计的

Tens of thousands of people were watching the game in the stadium when it began to rain heavily.

拓展：

hundreds of数百的

hundreds of and thousands of 成百上千的

thousands of数千的

millions of数百万的

dozens of许多； 大量

scores of 许多； 大量

考点例题；

Every year ________ foreign visitors come to China.

A. tens of thousands of　　　　　　　　　　　 　 B. ten thousands of

C. over ten thousands　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　D. thousands upon thousands

There were ____________ people in the hall.

A. two scores of　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　B. scores of

C.　 two and score 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　D. two scores

4. for one thing…., for another一方面……另一方面……；一则……再则……

I am not going to Beijing for a holiday with them. For one thing, I have no time; for another, I have been there.

拓展：

On (the) one hand, on the other (hand)用以引出相互矛盾的观点和意见

On the one hand, the concert really is worth going to, but on the other hand, the ticket is too expensive.

3. give in (to)(向……)屈服，让步

I will never give in to difficulties.

拓展：

give away泄露；送掉；赠送

give back归还

give up放弃(后接sth./doing sth.)

give off发出(蒸汽、光等)

give out分发；筋疲力尽

give way to让位于；妥协

We can’t give way to their demands.

He had no choice but to give up going abroad for further education.

2. change one’s mind改变主意

It is easy for him to change his mind, so don’t believe him easily.

拓展：

make up one’s mind下决心

keep one’s mind on专心于

read one’s mind看出某人的心思

bear/keep sth. in mind记住某事

speak one’s mind 坦率说出心里话

翻译：

更深入地了解他之后，我改变了对他的看法。

________________________________________________________________________

1. care with关心，担忧，惦记

What she cares about is her own future.

I don’t care about what he is talking about.

拓展：

care for喜欢； 照顾；关心

He had to care for his sister while studying in college.

I care much for pop music.

2. injure v.受伤，伤害

They were slightly/seriously/badly injured in the crash.

Smoking will surely injure one’s health.

拓展：

injured adj.受伤的

injury n.伤口，受伤处

hurt(身体部位)感到疼；(肉体或精神上)受到伤害

wound受伤(枪伤/刀伤)等

harm意指无形伤害，“对……有害”常指伤及一个人的健康、权利、事业等

damage主要用于无生命的东西，常指对价值和功能的损坏，可修复。

destroy意为“毁坏，消灭”，指不可修复的破坏。

Reading in the sun harms your eyes.

It hurts me to think that so many people died in the flood.

In the battle, hundreds of soldiers were wounded and some were even killed.

考点例题：Although the city had been attacked by the storm several times, _____________was done.　

　　 A. a few damages　 B. few destroy　 C. little hurt　 D. little damage