(D)
Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV.
The first difference is that a policeman’s real life revolved round criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to.
Little of his time is spent in chatting. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid crimes.
Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he’s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminal is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks, little effort is spent on searching.
Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence.
A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures: first, as members of a police force, they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with the law. Secondly, as expensive public servants, they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.
If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-minded-as he see it-of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detective feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is re-catching people who should have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical.
76．A policeman has to be trained in criminal law because .
A．he must work hard to help reform criminals
B．he must behave as professional lawyers do
C．he must be able to tell when and where a crime is committed
D．he must justify the arrests he makes of criminals
77．What is the most suitable word that describes the work of a policeman according to the passage?
A．Dangerous B．Demanding C．Distressing D．Dramatic
78．According to the passage, policeman spend most of their time and efforts .
A．patrolling the street, rain or shine B．tracking and arresting criminals
C．collecting and providing evidence D．consulting the rules of law
79．Why do policeman feel separated from the real of the world?
A．Because they do not receive due support from society
B．Because they find people insincere to them
C．Because they feel superior to the simple-minded people around them
D．Because they are suspicious of the people around them.
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80． The kiwi is the national symbol of New Zealand and Australians endearingly refer to New Zealanders as “kiwis”---People from the Land of the Kiwi. This unique bird, recognized by its short squat body and elongated beak, is under threat. Its small, claw-like wings make the kiwi flightless, so it has to live on the ground. The kiwi is thus easy to be victim of enemies such as humans and mammals.
81． When great landmass of the south split 75 million ago, the kiwi and many other ground-living birds became separated from predatory mammals within what was later to become known as New Zealand. The birds were able to multiply and flourish because there were very few mammals landlocked within the islands. Kiwis have evolved certain mammalian characteristics as time went on, living on the ground and they were free from attack by mammals.
82． However, when the Polynesians arrived about 1000 years ago bringing with them dogs and rats, the kiwi population and other vulnerable bird species soon suffered a severe reduction in numbers. The coming of the Europeans in the 18th century brought even more determined predators, including the cat and, especially, the stoat, which is a very vicious and powerful killer of kiwis.
83． There are six types of kiwi, and all six are threatened. Two are ‘critically endangered’ because they have populations of less than 250 mature birds. Two are ‘endangered’ meaning that it is estimated that within three generations their numbers will have declined by 50%. The other two are ‘vulnerable’-one because its habitat is shrinking, the other because it is potentially under threat from stoats and other mammals.
84． 100 years ago there were more than 5 million North Island Brown Kiwis. Today, there are probably around 30,000 , and the population is decreasing at a rate of 6% a year. Only the Little Spotted Kiwi is increasing because of successful attempts to transfer the creature of predator-free offshore islands. There are further reasons for hope. Trapping predators and rearing baby chicks for later release into the wild can have a dramatic effect on kiwi numbers; but it will be necessary to do so on a large scale.
第Ⅱ卷(共45分)