12. vote

1)vt. & vi. 投票(赞成)；表决；选举( 后接介词for/against/on 或不定式)

As we can’t make any decision, let’s vote on it.

因为我们在这件事上无法取得同意，我们表决吧。

You must vote for the man you can trust. 你必须选你能信赖的人。

People vote against Henry. 人们投票反对亨利。

They voted her their headmistress. 他们选她做校长。

2)(c)投票；票数；选举权

The matter will be decided by vote. 此事将投票表决。

In that country ,people get the vote at 18.

在那个国家，人们年满18岁获得选举权。

3) ◆ put sth to the vote 付诸表决

11．. forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt. 禁止,不准，不许

　 结构:　 forbid sth

forbid sb sth

forbid sb. to do sth.

　　　　 =forbid 　one’s doing sth/sth.

　 e.g. We should forbid smoking in the office.

　暴风雨使我们不能外出

The storm forbade us to go out.

常见短语有: forbidden City 紫禁城；　　

　　　　　　 　forbidden zone禁区

　 No one could ___ him to go there.

　 A forbid　 B stop　　 C keep　　 D prevent

10． race　

1)　 (c)人种；种族

There are many races of people in the world.

世界上有许多种族。

2) (c)赛跑/车, 常指速度竞赛

　a horse race 赛马

He won the 100-metre race.　

4x100-meter　 relay race 　4x100米接力赛

3) vi.比赛，赛跑，后接against/with

　The horse is racing against five others.

这匹马正在和其他五匹马比赛。

4) vi.急速移动，(沿路)飞奔

　We had to race to catch the train.

　我们得快走，好赶上火车。

9. separate　 vt. vi. adj.

•(1)vt.把…和….分开

• I separated the children to stop them from fighting.

The English Channel separates England from France.(把英国和法国分开)

•(2)vi. 分手，分开

•They set out together, then separated in Shanghai .(在上海分开了)

•(3)adj. 各自的，各个的，单独的，分开的

•Libraries have a separate section for reference books.

　 She prefers to have a separate room.

　 You’d better keep the good apples separate from bad ones. (和坏的分开)。

pay for the two coffees separately

•(4)Separation 　n.分离，分开

•the separation of cream from milk

•　 Although slavery ended in the USA in 1865, 　the South had its own laws to continue the separation of blacks and whites.

•　 After her separation from her parents ,(和父母分别了三年之后)，he was excited to meet them again.

　　 1) Ireland and Britain ____ the Irish sea.

　　　 A be separated from　　 B be separated by

　　　 C is separated by　　 D are separated by

　　 2) As we joined the big crows I got ___ from my friends.

　　　 A separated　　 B spared　　　 C lost　　 D missed

8. arrest

1)vt. arrest逮捕;阻止，制止

The murderer was arrested yesterday.

The new drug has arrested the spread of the disease.(….遏止了疾病的蔓延)

2)(c)拘捕

The police made three arrests yesterday.

警察昨天执行了三项逮捕行动

7.. chorus　 n. 合唱， 合唱队，齐声

•　 in chorus 异口同声　 a female/ male chorus　 女声/男声合唱

　 mixed chorus男女混声合唱

The professor’s speech was welcomed with a chorus of praise.

•　 教授的演讲受到一片称赞。

6. soul n. 灵魂， 心灵； 人

•　 serve the people heart and soul 　　　全心全意为人民服务

•　 She puts her whole soul into work.她全神贯注地工作

the soul of a book 　　　一本书的精髓

•Not a soul was to be seen in the street. 大街上一个人都看不到。

5. Join hands (with sb. ) 携手 联合　 合欢　 互相握手

他们三个人互相握手，突然大笑。

The three of them joined hands and burst into laughter

中国士兵与美国士兵在战争中联合对付德国。

The chinese soldiers joined hands with the Americans in the war against Germany.

5. prison

• 1)(c)监狱，拘留所

•This is a model prison.

•2)(u)监禁，禁锢

•　 He was in prison for ten years.

•3) 有关短语

break prison /jail 越狱，从狱中逃走

•　 escape from prison 逃出监狱

•　 　put / throw sb into prison 把…投进监牢　　　

•　 　be set out of prison 被放出监狱

　　 go to prison 入狱

注意：无冠词表抽象意义，加冠词the 指具体的地方，类似的词还有school, bed, sea , hospital,church等。

　　 He is old enough to go to school.

　　 He went to the school to see his father.

4) n. 犯人 prisoner　

　 keep sb as prisoner 把…当成犯人

4．youth　 n.

1)青春期

During his youth, he lived in China.

2) a young person (c)

After the match, several youths were arrested. (几个年轻人)

3) young people considered as a group 集合名词

The youth of our city is / are always polite. (总的来说是有礼貌的)